Give 5 examples for Auxiliary Operations and Facilities

Define following terms:

What are usages of Distillation Curves?

Explain clause system and draw it schematically

Write briefly about the catalysts used in cracking

Compare isomerization and reforming

What is reforming? Explain in detail catalytic reforming

Discuss the following refining processes 8

i. Alkylation

ii. Thermal Cracking

Explain the semi-regenerative process for catalytic reforming. (8)

B) Define the term alkylation. Hence with a neat labeled diagram, (8)

Explain the process of HF alkylation.

Give the significance of isomerisation process. Describe the process (8)

isomerisation.

Explain in brief the various methods of production of hydrogen in (10)

a refinery.

A) Discuss the once through claus process for sulphur recovery from (10)

refinery gases.

B) Discuss how the various catalyst affect the reforming process.

Write a note on the additives of gasoline, diesel and kerosene.

What are the various low boiling products of a refinery?

Explain the need for vacuum distillation of crude oil. Give the process , conditions for the vacuum
distillation unit. How is vacuum obtained?

1- Pick out the wrong statement about the smoking tendency of various hydrocarbon constituents of
kerosene.

1. Smoking tendency of naphthenes decreases with its increasing molecular weight & also on addition of
double bond.

2. Smoking tendency of paraffins increases with decrease in its molecular weight.

3. Smoking tendency of aromatics decreases with increase in its molecular weight.

4. Smoking tendency of hydrocarbons increases in the order : paraffins → isoparaffins

2- traight run naphtha is converted into high octane number petrol (gasoline) by catalytic

1. cracking

2. reforming

3. isomerisation

4. polymerization

3- Olefins are

1. unsaturated cyclic compounds (hydrocarbons).

2. saturated hydrocarbons.

3. present in substantially good quantity in crude petroleum.

4. none of these.

4- The proper arrangement of the petroleum fractions in order of their boiling points is

1. lubricating oil > diesel > petrol > LPG

2. petrol > lubricating oil > diesel > LPG

3. petrol > diesel > LPG > lubricating oil

4. lubricating oil > petrol > diesel > LPG

5- __________ converts n-paraffins to i-paraffins.

1. Isomerisation

2. Alkylation

3. none of these

4. Polymerisation

6- In the atmospheric pressure crude distillation, the content of __________ from lighter fraction to
heavier ones.

1. sulphur increases

2. sulphur decreases

3. nitrogen decreases

4. none of these

7- Octane number of gasoline is a measure of its

1. knocking tendency.

2. ignition temperature.

3. ignition delay.

4. smoke point.

8- Cetane number of diesel used in trucks may be about

1. 85

2. 35

3. 14

4. 5

9- Catalyst used in catalytic reforming is

1. nickel
2. platinum on alumina

3. aluminium chloride

4. iron

10- In petroleum refining, the process used for conversion of hydrocarbons to aromatics is

1. catalytic reforming

2. alkylation

3. catalytic cracking

4. hydrotreating

11- The main use of heavy gas oil produced by the vacuum distillation unit is as a

1. blending component for petrol.

2. feedstock for fluid catalytic cracking unit.

3. none of these.

4. blending component for kerosene.

12- Which is the most undesirable component in kerosene ?

1. n-paraffins

2. i-paraffins

3. Naphthenes

4. Aromatics

13- Smoke point of a test sample of kerosene is found to be 15 mm. On removal of __________ from it,
the smoke point rises to 25 mm.

1. olefins

2. aromatics

3. n-paraffins

4. none of these
14- Diesel used in naval applications has a minimum cetane number of

1. 45

2. 25

3. 35

4. 65

15- In petroleum refining, the process used for conversion of hydrocarbons to aromatics is

A. catalytic cracking B. catalytic reforming

C. hydrotreating D. alkylation

16- Which of the following has the highest flash point of all ?

A. Diesel B. Kerosene

C. Petrol D. Furnace oil

17- The order of preference for feedstock to a catalytic reformer is

A. catalytic naphtha - coking naphtha - virgin naphtha. B. coking naphtha - virgin naphtha - catalytic
naphtha.

C. virgin naphtha - catalytic naphtha - coking naphtha. D. virgin naphtha - coking naphtha - catalytic
naphtha

18- With increase in the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon molecules, the density
of petroleum products

A. decreases B. increases

C. remains sameD. unpredictable from the data

19- 33

Tetra-ethyl lead is added in gasoline to

A. increase its smoke point. B. reduce gum formation.

C. reduce the pour point. D. increase its octane number.

20- Reid vapour pressure of gasoline is the measure of its

A. pour point B. cloud point

C. vapour locking tendencyD. carbon residue

21- Research octane number refers to the

A. low octane number motor fuels.B. high octane number motor fuels.

C. high octane number aviation fuels.D. unleaded motor fuels.

22- Alkylation

A. causes olefins to combine with each other.B. causes olefins to combine with iso-paraffins.

C. converts iso-paraffin into olefin.D. converts olefin into paraffin.

23- The most important property for a jet fuel is its

A. viscosity B. freezing point

C. calorific valueD. flash point

24- Smoke point of kerosene is the

A. time after which smoking starts on burning.B. temperature at which smoking starts.
C. maximum height of flame (in mm) without causing smoking, when burnt in a standard lamp.D. none
of these.