Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Guidance Paper
Edition: 02
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Contents
1 HEALTH AND SAFETY ........................................................................................................ 3
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
The auditing team (including all staff) should be familiar with normal cement manufacturing
hazards and special risks in the cement, raw and coal grinding departments.
All relevant local and Group safety guidelines and instructions should be followed. Each
plant is different and there may be plant specific safety regulations. They should be
requested before and to follow as well.
Lockout procedures must be in place and rechecked before any equipment internal
inspection. Individual risk assessments are necessary if existing plant procedures are not
sufficient enough.
Special attentions for all kind of ducts and roofs are needed for any kind of threat from
falling coatings or objects.
Some lockouts need special attention. In principle and as safe practice of good lockout
procedure, the lockout should be checked and tested. For example the lockout of auxiliary
drives should be checked before with the onsite switch AND in control room.
The reason for such double testing is that the control room operator might have given for
the test local control to the wrong motor. Then, the motor would not start by pressing the
start button at the onsite switch wrongly assuming that the test was successful.
All safety relevant issues should be followed up. But some locks need special attention
(only as example):
Mill main drive
Mill auxiliary drive
All connected fans (mill fan, separator fan….)
Separator rotor drive
Tightness and lock of hot gas flaps at raw mills
Hot gas generators
Feed and reject belts, screw conveyors….
In general all drives, which might have an impact on the specific working area during the
audit has to be locked. For example a separator rotor drive might create huge hazard while
entering the separator but no hazard while entering the mill. In case of any doubts please
carry out a proper risk assessment of the situation.
All measurement and sampling points should be safely accessible and all measurement
and sampling procedures must be ensured for safe audits and inspection of plant.
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An examination for the assessment of a ball mill grinding plant should allow carrying out all
measurements and samplings during a stable plant operating state. A reliable test requires
a period of at least 8 hours.
Target: the test is primarily to show the actual state of the plant operations and is part of
current control. Furthermore, it helps to create the basis for optimization measures.
The following overview shows the details with the procedure of a mill test. If possible, the
test should be divided into the following periods:
Important: the control room protocol during the test period should be used. Additionally, all relevant
data is to be recorded in hourly intervals.
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
A device list of the plant equipment is generally to be prepared, which includes the relevant
data (dimensions, parameters) of the installed equipment.
Picture 1: Scheme of a typical ball mill grinding plant with separator dedusting in filter
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Picture 2: Scheme of a typical grinding plant with separator dedusting in cyclones (+filter)
Feeders area
State of the weight equipment; when was the last calibration/control? Is a control
necessary?
Material flow conditions; homogeneous discharge without segregation; if not, which
kind?
Grinding aid addition; constant input; yes/no
State of the conveying equipment
Roller press
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Ball mill
Audible control during running period over the mill length; protocol on unusual sound
with meter number (chamber 1 and chamber 2)
Visual control
Dust emission or similar
Material spillage at the inlet
Control of well running valves at the mill outlet (discharge valve!) functioning
Static separator
Mill filter
Filter, fan
Dynamic separator
Separator/fan
Separator filter
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Cyclones
Auxiliary equipment
Bucket elevators
Conveying equipment etc.
Control on obvious damage; audible control as well
Vibration etc.
Leakage
Speed of rotation
Separator (min.-1 or %)
Rotor/ Counter blades
Mill filter fan
Speed of rotation (min.-1 or %)
Damper position/inlet vane control system
Throughputs
Feed components, continuously
Grits, actual value
Circulating load, actual value from the control room
In general: the control room protocol is to be considered during the test period! All
relevant data is to be recorded in hourly intervals!
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Recording of the static pressure with a U-tube as well as of the gas temperature at the
following spots:
Measurement of:
Mill exhaust gas quantity (before or after fan)
Separating air quantity (example: air separator)
Potential cooling fresh air quantity (separator inlet)
Material temperature
Feed material
After mill
Filter dust (mill filter)
Separator feed material
Separator grits
Separator fine product
Separator filter dust
Finished material.
Important: It is necessary for all measurements (air quantities, pressure and
temperature), that at least two measurements are carried out during constant running. If
deviations occur, further measurements have to be carried out to receive a reliable result.
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6 Sampling Procedure
The following Table 1 and Table 2 describe the sampling, location, quantity etc. and
suggest analysis plan. If “individual sample” is stated, the sample is to be taken in short
time intervals at the sampling location over the complete material flow width – in no case
“sampling with the big bucket (put in and there we are!)”. In case of a large number of
samples, please use a sample divider in the laboratory.
For each sampling point it is important to consider the number of samples as representative
for the sampled material flow! Appendix shows a table for recording of complete circuit
sample results.
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1. Feed Bulk sample during Main components every 3 hours Material flow over the
test period complete width
5-6 kg each
Others
2-3 kg each
2. Roller press Bulk sample during 4-6 kg each every 3 hours cakes vehicle
test period
-cakes- of each roll section
2 kg
3. Mill discharge Individual sample 1-2 kg each every 2 hours Over complete
material flow
6. Mill filter Individual sample 1 kg each every 2 hours In short time intervals
Discharging screw
7.1 Separator feed Individual sample 1-2 kg each every 2 hours Over complete
material flow
7.2 Separator grits Individual sample 1 kg each every 2 hours Over complete
material flow
7.3 Fine separator Individual sample 1 kg each every 2 hours Over complete
grains material flow
8. Separator filter Individual sample 1 kg each every 2 hours In short time intervals
Discharging screw
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***
2. Roller press Sieve analysis ISO 565 Particle size distribution
Clarify cakes des-
agglomeration
****
3. Mill discharge Sieve analysis ISO 565 Particle size distribution
Laser particle seizer Laser particle seizer
Specific surface Blaine
****
4. Static separator Sieve analysis ISO 565 Particle size distribution
-Grits- Laser particle seizer Laser particle seizer
****
5. Cyclone separator Sieve analysis ISO 565 Particle size distribution
Laser particle seizer Laser particle seizer
Specific surface Blaine
6. Mill filter Laser particle seizer Laser particle seizer Particle size distribution
Specific surface Blaine
*
7 Separator feed each : Particle size distribution
****
Feed material* Sieve analysis ISO 565 and
Separator grits*
Laser particle seizer Laser particle seizer separation curve
Fine separator grains*
calculation (Tromp curve)
Specific surface Blaine
8. Separator filter* Laser particle seizer Laser particle seizer Particle size distribution
Specific surface Blaine
9. Finished material* Laser particle seizer Laser particle seizer Particle size distribution
Specific surface Blaine
*
Measurement of the complete particle size distribution
**
Only if required!
***
Sieve analysis suggestion (or similar diameters): 32/16/8/4/2/1/0.5/0.2/0.09 mm
****
Sieve analysis suggestion (or similar diameters): 2/1/0.5/0.2/0.09/0.045/0.032 mm
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The grinding progress along the ball mill axis will be evaluated by meter samples.
For this purpose, a material sample of 1 to 2 kg is taken in meter intervals, starting at the
inlet (0 m). The sample is not to take directly at the surface, but from the level of the 3rd or
4th ball layer. After the partition wall, it is started again at 0 m. The last sample position is
also directly before the outlet wall.
To get a representative sample, some balls should be removed and the material taken from
inside the ball charge.
1.0 m
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Ball mill Condition: Mill has to be shut down by emergency stop (incl. mill fan) – to prevent
fine material losses!!
Internal inspection:
Meter sampling along the total length of the mill (cf. 5.2)
Filling volume determination
Ball charge determination (cf. 7.2.1)
Control mill internals:
o Breakages / Wear
o Inlet / outlet wall thickness
Control of diaphragm on:
o Slot width
o Obstructions (clogging) of the slot wall
o Material thickness
o Adjustment of diaphragm control system (if adjustable)
Evaluation of classifying effect
Balls sampling (cf. 7.2.3)
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C) Cage separator
Wear on
o Rotor
o Guide vane
o Distributing plate
o Sealing of rotor between fixed and rotating part
o Separator lining
Sealing of rotor: Adjustment of gap between fixed and rotating part
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8 Process Evaluation
Definitions
M = Fresh material [t/h]
A = Separator feed [t/h]
F = Separator fines [t/h]
G = Separator grits [t/h]
a = Passing of A [%]
f = Passing of F [%]
g = Passing of G [%]
“Passing” means the weight share of a material as percentage, which particle size is
smaller than or equal to the standard particle size;
Passing (D) + residue (R) = 100%.
For the calculation of the “Passing” (D) of a particle class must be applied:
Dx=x(min) = 0%
And Dx=x(max) = 100%
Additionally, these fundamental equations are applicable:
A=F+G (1)
A*a=F*f+G*g (1.1)
A * a = F * f + G * g (1.2)
The following sub items are classified in the system of naming below:
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𝐺 Σ𝑓− Σ𝑎
𝑉𝐺 = = (3)
𝐴 Σ𝑓− Σ𝑔
𝑉𝐺 = 1 − 𝑉𝐹 (4)
with:
𝑉𝐹 = Take out of fines [-]
𝑉𝐺 = Take out of grits [-]
The circulation factor (u) defines the relation between feed and separator fines quantity:
𝐴 1 Σ𝑓− Σ𝑔
𝑢= = = (5)
𝐹 𝑉𝐹 Σ𝑎− Σ𝑔
The circulation load (CL) defines the relation between rejects and separator fines quantity.
It differs from circulation factor (u) by 1.
𝐺 Σ𝑓− Σ𝑎 𝑓−𝑎
𝐶𝐿 = = 𝑢−1= or related to particular particle class: 𝐶𝐿 =
𝐹 Σ𝑓− Σ𝑔 𝑓−𝑔
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Separation efficiency
Separation efficiency got as well different other names in literature. It is as well called:
separator efficiency; recovery of fine particles; separation degree and some others.
The separation efficiency () is related to a particular particle class. It means the share of
the separator feed material below this particle class, which reaches the separator fine
product.
The result of the separation efficiency is changing with dedicated particle class.
𝐹∗𝑓
𝜂= ∗ 100 [%] (6)
𝐴∗𝑎
𝑓
𝜂 = 𝑉𝐹 ∗ ∗ 100 [%] (6.1)
𝑎
𝑓
𝜂= ∗ 100 [%] (6.2)
𝑎∗𝑢
with:
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VF = 0.283 VG = 0.717
For a reasonable evaluation of these results in process-technical respect, the model of the
separation curve calculation according to the VDZ (Association of German Cement
Producers) Guideline MT 28 was slightly modified. Each particle class is calculated with a
failure ratio typical for the class (caused by analysis inaccuracy, rounding errors etc.). The
subsequent calculation procedure then follows MT 28 again. On the right hand side of each
formula is a numerical example shown, which is related to table 3 or 4.
Procedure
2,429.68 − 2,019.97
𝑉𝐹 − 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 (𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 2) 𝑉𝐹 = = 0.283
3,468.54 − 2,019.97
𝑉𝐺 − 𝐺𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑠 (𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 3) 𝑉𝐺 = 1 − 𝑉𝐹 = 0.717
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3 Correction of each particle fraction of the calculated failure S(X) according to the
following formula:
∗ 𝑆(𝑋) ∗ 0.0009529
𝑎(𝑋) = 𝑎(𝑋) − 𝑎(2) = 2,9 − = 2.93 (8)
1 + 𝑉𝐹2 + 𝑉𝐺2 1 + 0.2712 + 0.7292
4 Supplementation of the table by the corrected mass distribution totals and the derived
sizes derived according to MT 28
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
∆𝑔(1) = 𝑔(2) − 𝑔(1) ∆𝑔(1) = 1.41 − 1.04 = 0.372 (11)
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
∆𝑔(2) = 𝑔(3) − 𝑔(2) ∆𝑔(2) = 1.74 − 1.41 = 0.329
Following MT 28, the separator feed share should be calculated according to the following
formula:
∗
∆𝑎(𝑥)𝑀𝑇28 = ∆𝑓 ∗ ∗ 𝑉𝐹 + ∆𝑔∗ ∗ 𝑉𝐺
∗
∆𝑎(1)𝑀𝑇28 = 1.653 ∗ 0.283 + 0.372 ∗ 0.717 = 0.734 (12)
The rated value only slightly differs from the analytical one.
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The separating effect is generally characterized through the relation of two particle classes,
which are classified with particular separation degrees. The dimension X35:X65 (particle size
with a separation degree of 35% or 65%) or X25:X75 is frequently used as assessment
criterion. During the process of cement separation, this is, however, not always possible to
be put into practice, since an intersection with a X25 or X35 line is not available in every case
(for example: by using separators of 1st generation).
The following features are used for the evaluation of the Tromp curve:
The shortest distance () between separation curve and abscises (particle size)
determines, which part of the total feed material enters the grits without separation.
The separator bypass () corresponds to the minimum of the curve, it is the lowest
Tromp coefficient.
The bypass level depends of the circulating factor, for low fineness cement (3.000
cm²/g acc. to Blaine) the bypass is low; it increases with the cement fineness.
Separator bypass means the ratio between the quantity of a definite particle size
(fines), which has reached the grits, and the quantity existing in the feed material.
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3. Imperfection I:
It is calculated as follows
𝐷75 − 𝐷25
𝐼=
2𝐷50
4. Sharpness k:
It is defined as ratio between the particle size at the separating degree of 75% and
the particle size at the separating degree of 25%.
𝐷75
𝑘=
𝐷25
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TROMP- Curve
100%
95%
90%
85%
80%
75% D75 = 33 μm
70%
65%
TROMP value T(x)
60%
55%
50% D50 = 23 μm
45%
40%
35%
30%
25% D25 = 19 μm
20%
15%
10%
5% τ = 4%; X=12 μm
0%
1 10 100
Particle size [µm]
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A good grinding is at steep sieve lines without big disturbances. The corn fraction of 2.3 mm
shall be less than 5 % in front of the intermediate diaphragm. The corn fraction of 1 mm
shall disappear in the second chamber within the first third of the chamber length.
Just in front of the intermediate diaphragm or of the outlet diaphragm there can be strange
results of the sieve curve. One or some curves may incline sharply instead of the expected
further decline. This is because of air segregation of fine particles and off influence of the
grinding performance.
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Following the example below, the filling ratio (f) can be graphically determined from the
grinding level and the clear grinding chamber diameter. The concept of this example also
supports the internal inspection of a ball mill and its result is to be considered in connection
with the grinding diagram of the meter samples.
As cutout of the form sheet, the following picture shows the graphical determination of the
filling ratio.
It is to be determined:
Grinding level (h)
Clear grinding chamber diameter (Dli).
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0,75
0,74
0,73
y = -0,0086x + 0,9192
0,72
0,71
0,7
0,69
h/Dli
0,68 Dli
0,67
0,66
0,65
0,64
0,63
0,62
0,61
0,6
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Filling ratio f %
The filling degree f can be calculated correctly with the following formulas (MT22):
𝛼 sin 2 𝛼
𝑓 = −
180° 2𝜋
𝛼 sin 𝛼 ∗ cos 𝛼 ℎ
𝑓 = − with cos 𝛼 = 2 − 1
180° 𝜋 𝐷𝑙𝑖
ℎ
For the range 065 < < 0.75 resp. filling degree within 0.2 < f < 0.31, the following
𝐷𝑙𝑖
formula can be used:
ℎ
𝑓 = 1.0678 − 1.164
𝐷𝑙𝑖
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𝜋
𝐺 = ∗ 𝐷𝑙𝑖2 ∗ 𝐿𝑙𝑖 ∗ 𝑓 ∗ 𝛾𝑀𝐾 [t]
4
The filling ratios determined by measuring the grinding level are to be reduced by 1 to 3 %
depending on the material cover over the ball charge. OR the mill has to be emptied out to
measure the degree of filling of the media.
Following values can be used: For girth gear drive: A = mech * = 0.92
For central drive: A = mech * = 0.94
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8.2.5 Determination of the Average Ball Diameter and Classifying Effect in Chamber 2
The first chamber of a ball mill is normally emptied every 1 to 2 years, the second chamber
approximately every 3 to 5 years. The ball grading becomes obvious after balls sorting.
Ball sampling each meter in the same way as at material meter sampling. Balls and
material will be taken at once. Dividing of balls and material can be done already in the
mill or later, outside.
The samples amount should approximately correspond to the volume of a 10-l bucket.
Sampling device: robust shovel or similar
To evaluate the condition of the ball charge and define the ball charge with regard to
grinding performance, the average ball diameter is to be determined and examined in
connection with the results from the meter sampling.
Per meter sample, only the number of balls and the total weight of the ball sample are to be
determined. Out of this, the average ball diameter at the sampling point can be calculated
when knowing the density of the ball material.
Given: material density () of the grinding media (usually 7.85 t/m3)
3 sample weight 1 3
Dm = 2 ∗ √ ∗ ∗ [m]
number of balls ρ 4∗π
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In addition to the procedures and methods described in items 1 to 7, the following issues
must be examined, when evaluating combined drying and grinding units:
Temperature (moist and dry) of the mill exhaust air for calculation of the dew point
Gas analysis for determination of false air (at least 3 measurements / tests), when
kiln exhaust air is used:
o sampling before and after the mill
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Air to mill
Heat balance
The false air volume flow is calculated on the basis of the air quantity balance or out of gas
analyses, e.g. of the kiln exhaust gas.
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Balance
𝑉̇ additional air (+𝑉̇ conveying air/combustion) + 𝑉̇ false air + 𝑉̇ steam = 𝑉̇ exhaust air
𝑚̇steam [m3(s.c.)/h]
𝑓𝐴 − 𝑓𝑅 𝑓𝐴 − 𝑓𝑅
𝑚̇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = ∗ 𝑀̇𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑙−𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑.𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡 = ∗ 𝑀̇𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑−𝑤𝑒𝑡 [kg/h]
100 − 𝑓𝐴 100 − 𝑓𝑅
𝑚̇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 ∗ 𝑇𝑁
𝑉̇ steam = 𝑚̇water / 0.804 = 𝑅 ∗ [m3(s.c.)/h]
𝑃𝑁 ∗ 100
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𝑉̇ false air = 𝑉̇ exhaust air - 𝑉̇ additional air - 𝑉̇ steam (-𝑉̇ conveying air/combustion)
Orsat analysis
CO2 O2 CO N2 n
𝑛2 − 𝑛1
VF [%] = 100
𝑛2
Calculation:
VF [%] = 33,4 %
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33,4
𝑉̇ false = (121.300 – 9.100) ∗
100
= 37.475 m3(s.c.)/h
The error is 2% related to the balance result. It can be explained by the measuring
inaccuracy connected to the measuring method. The error in the Orsat analyses is up to 0,3
vol.-percent.
Reference temperature should be 25°C, as the cp-diagrams (pictures 7 and 8) refer to this
temperature.
𝑄̇input:
𝑄̇additional air + 𝑄̇additional firing + 𝑄̇combustion air + Pmech + 𝑄̇feed material + 𝑄̇fresh air + 𝑄̇false air
𝑄̇loss:
𝑄̇exhaust air + 𝑄̇water vaporizing + 𝑄̇finished product + 𝑄̇heat losses
Input
with Pdrives = performance counter of the drives over test period [kJ/h]
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Loss
𝑄̇exhaust air = 𝑉̇ exhaust air * cp * (exhaust air - 25°C) [kJ/h]
General issues to the theory of radiation and convection in ball mill systems
The item „thermal losses” mainly includes losses due to radiation and convection, which
relate to the whole system. A detailed calculation of the single losses is possible, but
involves considerable effort and expenses, since the whole grinding system within the
balance scope includes very different heat transfer mechanisms, which would have to be
considered. Normally, a loss should be seen from the balance and only be checked in case
of discrepancies.
A rough check of the radiation and convection losses is possible on the basis of the
following approximate values:
3,600 𝑠 𝑘𝐽
𝑄̇rad.-con. = total * Acomponent * (Tsurface – Tambient) * [kJ/h]
ℎ 1,000 𝐽
with total = rad + con
𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 4 − 𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 4
rad = * * [W/(m2 K)]
𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 − 𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡
The calculation of con is far more difficult. As, in this case, different heat transfer
mechanisms overlap. Taking into account the following limits, the approximate values below
can be used:
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
2m Dmill tube 4m
As approximate value for the heat transfer coefficients at the rotating mill tube the following
can be assumed:
Accuracy is about 15 %.
To stationary components, which are not exposed to flows (tubes, housings etc.), the
following considerably simplified relation applies, if the following boundary conditions are
met:
20°C < surface < 70°C and 10°C < ambience 30°C
Accuracy is about 10 %.
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
The cp-values for air, furnace gas and raw meal can be taken from the corresponding
sheets.
cp(gas) = xi * cp(i)
Units
m = [kg/h]
H = [kJ/h]
T = [K]
= [W/(m2 * K)]
A = [m2]
hu = [kJ/kg]
P drives = [kW]
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
11 Appendix
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant:
Plant type:
A B
Time:
of components B:
C:
D:
homogeneous +
segregated -
grinding aid
where?
+/-
condition weight
feeder
selection +, o, -
[mm] left
[Mpa] left
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
vibration yes/no
chamber 1
chamber 1
description with m
grinding sound
chamber 2
chamber 2
description with m
= homogeneous; good
o = medium; normal
- = inhomogeneous; bad
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant:
Plant type:
A B
Time:
leakage yes / no
leakage yes/no
leakage yes / no
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
discharge valves
frequency min ^-1
example: no. 1 (3), no. 2 (5)
separator settings
main rotor %/min ^-1
Counter blades %/min ^-1
= homogeneous; good
o = medium; normal
- = inhomogeneous; bad
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant:
Plant type:
A B
Time:
discharge valves
frequency min ^-1
example: no. 1 (3), no. 2 (5)
separator settings
main rotor %/min ^-1
Counter blades %/min ^-1
leakage yes / no
= homogeneous; good
o = medium; normal
- = inhomogeneous; bad
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant:
Plant type:
A B
Time:
components in t/h A:
B:
C:
D:
material temperature °C
discharge
fineness
R (0.03) %
specific surface cm^2/g
(Blaine)
separator fan
setting %/min^-1
filter fan
setting %/min^-1
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
fineness
R (0.03) %
specific surface cm^2/g
(Blaine)
separator fan
setting %/min^-1
filter fan
setting %/min^-1
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant:
Plant type:
A B
Time:
ball mill
indication kW
kWh-meter kWh
separator drives
indication kW
kWh-meter kWh
bucket elevator kW
electric ear %
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant:
Plant type:
Test periods: A B
before cyclone
Air/gas (= after static separator)
temperature
[°C] before mill filter fan
(= after filter)
separator 1
before fan
after fan
separator filter
before filter
after filter
after fan
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant:
Plant type:
Test periods: A B
Time:
feed component A:
B:
C:
D:
mill filter
temperature of filtered
material:
separator 1
fines:
grits:
separator filter
temperature of filtered
material:
finished product:
A: clinker
B: gypsum
C: slag
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant: Date:
Mill: Time:
Material distribution (above or below ball charge) (taken at three different locations)
in mm
Inlet Middle Outlet
1st chamber:
2nd chamber:
Material level measurements (h: taken from the material surface to the highest
in mm point on the midpoint of the mill shell liners)
1st chamber:
2nd chamber:
1st chamber:
2nd chamber:
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
MILL INTERNALS
Plant: Date:
Mill:
1st CHAMBER
HEAD LINERS
Lining Nos. Plates Orig. thickness Rem. thickness
Row 1 (outer) mm mm
Row 2 mm mm
Row 3 mm mm
Row 4 (inner) mm mm
Conditions:
SHELL LINERS
1st chamber Lining Nos. Rings Plates/Ring Shape Type
Lifter height (mm)
o bolted
o semi-bolted
Conditions:
GRINDING BALLS
Conditions
Diaphragm
Slotted plates Nos. Plates Orig. thickness Rem. thickness slots width
Row 1 (outer) mm mm mm
Row 2 mm mm mm
Row 3 mm mm mm
Row 4 (inner) mm mm mm
Conditions:
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
MILL INTERNALS
Plant: Date:
Mill:
2nd CHAMBER
Diaphragm
Backside plates Nos. Plates Orig. thickness Rem. thickness
Row 1 (outer) mm mm
Row 2 mm mm
Row 3 mm mm
Row 4 (inner) mm mm
Conditions:
SHELL LINERS
2nd chamber Lining Nos. Rings Plates/Ring Shape Type
Lifter height (mm)
o bolted
o semi-bolted
Conditions:
GRINDING BALLS
Conditions
Outlet Diaphragm
Slotted plates Nos. Plates Orig. thickness Rem. thickness slots width
Row 1 (outer) mm mm mm
Row 2 mm mm mm
Row 3 mm mm mm
Row 4 (inner) mm mm mm
Conditions:
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HeidelbergCement Group Guidance Paper Edition: 02
Plant: Date:
Mill: Time:
Cement quality:
[mm] R% P% R% P% R% P% R% P% cm²/g
Separator Feed
Separator rejects
Separator fines
Stat. Separator
Finish product
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