Homeostasis Exam

Name :
Period :

Mutliple Choices

Top of Form
1. Which blood vessel brings blood into the kidney to be filtered?

A) afferent arteriole

B) efferent arteriole

C) renal artery

D) renal vein

2. The outer region of the kidney is called the renal _____.

A) cortex

B) medulla

C) pelvis

D) tubule

3. The functional unit of the kidney that produces unit is called the:

A) renal pelvis

B) collecting duct

C) nephron

D) neuron

4. Which blood vessel brings blood into the glomerulus?

A) interlobular artery

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Homeostasis Exam

B) renal artery

C) arcuate artery

D) afferent arteriole

5. The glomeruls consists of the glomerular _______ and ___________.

A) capillaries; Bowman's capsule

B) capillaries; loop of Henle

C) arteries; Bowman's capsule

D) arteries; proximal tubule

6. Blood is filtered at the:

A) loop of Henle

B) proximal tubule

C) distal tubule

D) glomerulus

7. Which substance is too large to be filtered through the glomerular capillaries?

A) blood cells

B) glucose

C) sodium

D) water

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Homeostasis Exam

8. The material that collects in Bowman's capsule is called:

A) blood

B) water

C) precipitate

D) filtrate

9. The major function of the proximal tubule is:

A) glomerular filtration

B) tubular reabsorption

C) tubular secretion

D) none of the above

10. Tubular reabsorption moves substnaces from the _____ to the __________.

A) tubule lumen; peritubular capillaries

B) tubule lumen; collecting duct

C) peritubular capillaries; tubule lumen

D) renal artery; efferent arteriole

11. A major function of the loop of Henle is to actively pump _____ from the lumen
to the interstitial cells (interstitium).

A) glucose

B) water

C) sodium

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Homeostasis Exam

D) large proteins

12. Which organism would have the longest loop of Henle to help with reabsorption
of water?

A) human

B) freshwater fish

C) frog

D) desert kangaroo rat

13. The pumping of sodium out of the loop of Henle helps the reabsorption of water
from the:

A) collecting duct

B) proximal tubule

C) distal tubule

D) glomerulus

14. The distal tubule is the major site of tubular:

A) reabsorption

B) filtration

C) secretion

D) inhibition

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Homeostasis Exam

15. Liquid waste is formally called urine by the time the filtrate reaches the:

A) loop of Henle

B) proximal tubule

C) distal tubule

D) collecting duct

16. The major waste component of urine is:

A) urea

B) ammonia

C) protein

D) water

17. The collecting ducts from many nephrons drain urine into the:

A) renal capsule

B) renal pelvis

C) ureter

D) urethra

18. If blood becomes to acidic, _____ will be secreted into the ______.

A) OH-; proximal tubule

B) OH-; loop of Henle

C) H+; distal tubule

D) H+; collecting duct

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Homeostasis Exam

19. If a patient is dehydrated, the hormone _____ will be released and act on the
_________.

A) ADH; collecting duct

B) aldosterone; proximal tubule

C) ANH; collecting duct

D) none of the above

20. Which hormone stimulates Na+/K+ pumps in the distal tubule to reabsorb
sodium?

A) cortisol

B) antidiuretic hormone

C) atrial natriuretic hormone

D) aldosterone

21. If blood pressure increases, which of the following will be true?

A) larger volume of urine

B) smaller volume of urine

C) urine more concentrated

D) lower rate of glomerular filtration

22. If more sodium is secreted into the kidney tubules, what will tend to follow the
sodium out in the urine?

A) potassium

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Homeostasis Exam

B) glucose

C) blood cells

D) water

23. What feature of glomerular capillaries allows filtration to occur?

A) pores

B) thick walls

C) active transport pumps

D) protein channels

24. If a patient is suffering from hypernatremia (too much sodium), the hormone
____ will be released to excrete more sodium.

A) ADH

B) ANH

C) Aldosterone

D) PTH

25. Which disorder is caused by bacteria that invade tissues other than the kidney and
release a toxin that affects the filtering apparatus of the kidney?

A) nephritis

B) kidney stones

C) glomerulonephritis

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Homeostasis Exam

D) diabetes inspidus
(25 Marks)

Bottom of Form
Top of Form

1. Endocrine glands typically:

A) are ductless

B) release enzymes

C) release neurotransmitters

D) release their contents out of the body

2. Islets of Langerhans are found in the:

A) thyroid

B) thymus

C) pancreas

D) pituitary

3. Cortisol is released from the:

A) parathyroid

B) adrenal cortex

C) hypothalamus

D) posterior pituitary

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Homeostasis Exam

4. Calcium is released from bone into the bloodstream due to the action of:

A) ADH

B) GnRH

C) LH

D) PTH

5. Aldosterone is produced by the ____________ gland and it causes reabsorption

of ________.

A) thyroid; sodium

B) pituitary; water

C) adrenal; sodium

D) thymus; white blood cells

6. Blood calcium is lowered by the hormone:

A) calcitonin

B) glucagon

C) adrenalin

D) thyroxine

7. An oversecretion of GH (or STH) would lead to:

A) goiter
9
Homeostasis Exam

B) diabetes

C) infertility

D) gigantism

8. Which pair of hormones act antagonistically?

A) glucagon and cortisol

B) insulin and adrenalin

C) cortisol and insulin

D) glucagon and adrenalin

9. This hormone would be at an increased level in a mother who is breast feeding.

A) thyroxine

B) prolactin

C) aldosterone

D) insulin

10. GnRH is produced by the ____________ and acts on the ___________.

A) kidney; adrenal

B) pituitary; thyroid

C) adrenal; ovary

D) hypothalamus; pituitary

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Homeostasis Exam

11. Which hormone would increase in the blood during dehydration?

A) atrial natriuretic hormone

B) antidiuretic hormone

C) parathyroid hormone

D) melatonin

12. Compared to neurotransmitters, hormones act:

A) faster

B) on fewer cells

C) for a shorter period of time

D) over longer distances

13. Steroid hormones are made from precursor molecules of:

A) cholesterol

B) a single modified amino acid

C) amino acid chains

D) fatty acids

14. As the sun comes up in the morning, your blood level of __________ goes down
and you wake up.

A) melatonin

B) cortisol

C) glucagon

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Homeostasis Exam

D) adrenalin

15. Which hormone is most commonly associated with the "fight or flight" response
to stress?

A) insulin

B) adrenalin

C) calcitonin

D) prolactin

16. These two hormones are produced by the hypothalamus but stored in the
posterior pituitary.

A) insulin and glucagon

B) ADH and oxytocin

C) growth hormone and prolactin

D) thymosin and adrenalin

17. This hormone from the hypothalamus stimulates release of thyrotropin from the
anterior pituitary.

A) CRH

B) ACTH

C) STHRH

D) TRH

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Homeostasis Exam

18. Thyrotropin (or TSH) stimulates the thyroid gland to release:

A) thyroxin

B) calcitonin

C) parathormone

D) thymosin

19. Thyroxin travels through the bloodstream acting on many target calls to increase:

A) blood sugar

B) blood calcium

C) metabolism

D) anti-inflammatory reactions

20. Hyposecretion of thyroxin could be caused by a decrease in the release of:

A) TRH or TSH (thyrotropin)

B) TSH or ACTH

C) STHRH or STH

D) FSH or LH

21. CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) stimulates the release of _____ from the
anterior pituitary.

A) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

B) TSH (thyrotropin)

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Homeostasis Exam

C) STH (somatotropin)

D) PRL (prolactin)

22. The major target for ACTH is the:

A) pancreas

B) thyroid

C) liver

D) adrenal

23. The overall effect of stimulation by ACTH on the target you chose in the
question above is:

A) increased blood sugar

B) anti-inflammatory response

C) increased water conservation by kidney

D) both A and B

24. Too much ACTH release could cause hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). Since
sugar is a solute, this could also cause:

A) increased blood pressure

B) increased blood calcium

C) decreased body temperature

D) decreased metabolism

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Homeostasis Exam

25. In order to reduce high blood pressure, the hormone _____ could be released to
stimulate excretion of sodium thereby reducing blood solutes and hence blood
pressure.

A) aldosterone

B) atrial natriuretic hormone

C) antidiuretic hormone

D) erythropoitin

26. Another hormone that can affect blood pressure by directly influencing sodium
concentration in the blood is:

A) aldosterone

B) antidiuretic hormone

C) glucagon

D) parathormone

27. Hormones that have similar actions (say, both reduce blood pressure) are said to
be:

A) antagonistic

B) agonistic

C) collaborative

D) summative

28. Choose the pair of hormones that have agonistic effects on blood glucose levels.

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Homeostasis Exam

A) aldosterone and ADH

B) thymosin and thyroxin

C) calcitonin and PTH

D) adrenalin and glucagon

29. A patient suffering from dwarfism is most likely deficient in one or more of the
hormones from this pair:

A) ADH or PTH

B) STHRH or STH

C) TRH or TSH

D) GnRH or LH

30. A patient that is losing weight and suffering from an increased body temperature
could be hypersecreting:

A) CRH

B) GnRH

C) PRLRH

D) TRH
(30 marks)
Bottom of Form

16
 Homeostasis Exam

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Homeostasis Exam

(8 marks)

18
Th
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hy
Homeostasis Exam
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ble
Homeostasis Exam

(8 marks)

Structured Questions
1.

Label the diagram completely. (8 marks

2. Draw a flow chart to illustrate how the kidney regulates blood pressure.

20
Homeostasis Exam

(6 marks)

3. Draw a flow chart to illustrate how the hypothalamus and ADH regulate the water content of
blood.

(5 marks)

4. In the space below, using a flow chart, explain how does insulin regulate blood sugar levels.

21
Homeostasis Exam

(5 marks)

5. In the space below, using a flow chart, explain how does glucagon regulate blood sugar levels.

(5 marks)

THE END

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