Document no. Arauco Mapa Project, P-5005 Andritz no.

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Foundation Load Calculations page 1/22
28.3.2019

Mechanically-Anchored Tank (NCh 2369 Of. 2003) - API 650 2013

1.- General Data

Secondary Condensate Tank B. POS. 751-22-247

Drawing no. C02833372027_1300331_0100010

D := 8500mm Nom inal Tank Diam eter.

Hs := 8500mm Height of the tank shell (Include m inimum freeboard).

Hp := 8200mm Maxim um design product level.

αroof := 12° Roof angle

Total height of tank

æ D ö × tan α
Htotal := Hs + ç 2 ÷ ( roof ) Htotal = 9.403 m
è ø

t ins := 50mm
Insulation thickness
Andritz 22.1.2019
kg
γins := 105 ×g
3 Unit weight of insulation.
m

kg
γp := 1000× ×g Unit weight of product (Water).
3
m
kg
γw := 1000× ×g Unit weight of water.
3
m
kg
γs := 8000 × ×g Unit weight of steel.
3
m

Sd := 152.5MPa Product design stress at elevated temperature 100oC (API 650 Table S-2a, ASTM
A304).
St := 186MPa Hydrostatic test stress (API 650 Table S-2a, ASTM
A304).
Ss := 145MPa Supports design stress at elevated tem perature 100oC(API 650 Table 5-2a,
ASTM A36).
CA := 0mm Corrosion allowance of tank (specified by the purchase).

CAs := 0mm Corrosion allowance of support structure (specified by the purchase).

fy := 167.5MPa Minim um yield strength at elevated tem perature 100oC, shell (API 650 Table S-2a,
ASTM A304).
fys := 227MPa Minim um yield strength at elevated tem perature 100oC, support structure (Table 5-2a
, ASTM A36).
fyb := 250MPa Minim um yield strength, anchor bolt (API 650 Table 5-2a, ASTM A36).

Es := 205000MPa Elastic m odulus of gussets material (Steel).

ν := 0.3 Poisson's ratio (Steel).

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fc := 25MPa Specified com pressive strength of concrete (H30).

t bmin = 5mm Minim um nom inal bottom plates thickness (API 650 Section S3.1).

Minim um nom inal shell thickness (API 650 Section 5.6.1.1).

t smin := 8mm if D < 60m

6mm if D < 36m t smin = 5 × mm
5mm if D < 15m
10mm if D ³ 60m

Design shell thickness (API 650 Section 5.6.3.2):

D æ Hs ö γp
4.9 × ×ç - 0.3 ÷ ×
m èm ø γw
t d := × mm
Sd t d = 2.2 × mm

MPa

Hydrostatic test shell thickness (API 650 Section 5.6.3.2):

D æ Hs ö
4.9 × ×ç - 0.3 ÷
m èm ø × mm
t t :=
St t t = 1.8 × mm

MPa

Minim um shell thickness for static loads: ( )

max tsmin , t d, t t = 5.0 × mm

Minim um shell thickness of the lowest shell course is 6mm if 3.2m < D < 15m for static loads.
Course height of shell plates

æç 0× Hscourse ö÷
æ 0 ö
ç 1× Hscourse ÷ ç 2000 ÷
Hs
Hscourse := = 2000× mm ç ÷ ç ÷
4.25 hlevel := ç 2× Hscourse ÷ hlevel = ç 4000 ÷ × mm i := 0 .. 4
ç 3× H ÷ ç 6000 ÷
ç scourse ÷ ç ÷
ç 4× Hscourse ÷ è 8000 ø
è ø
Chosen shell course thicknesses at levels without corrosion allowance:
æ8 ö
ç7 ÷
ç ÷
t slevel := ç 6 ÷ mm
ç6 ÷
ç ÷
è6 ø æ8 ö
ç7 ÷
ç ÷
Chosen shell course thicknesses at levels with corrosion allowance: t ordlevel := t slevel + CA = ç 6 ÷ × mm
ç6 ÷
ç ÷
è6 ø
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2.- Weight of the Tank and Product

Total weight of f ixed tank roof (Approximat e):

( )
Wr := nbeam× mbeam× g + Aroof × t bmin× γs + Aroof× tins× γins × 1.2 Wr = 40.63× kN

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the roof center of gravity:

X r := Hs X r = 8500× mm

Weight of insulation

( )
Wins := π× D + ts + tins × t ins× γins× Hs = 11.8× kN
æ 33.55 ö
Weight of tank shell courses: ç 29.35 ÷
ç ÷
Wscourse := π× æ D + t slevel + CAö × æ tslevel + CAö × Hscourse× γs Wscourse = ç 25.16 ÷ × kN
i è
i øèi ø ç 25.16 ÷
ç ÷
è 25.16 ø
Total weight of t ank shell:
æ 4 ö
Ws := ç Wscourse ÷ + Wins
ç å i÷
Ws = 150.143 × kN
èi = 0 ø
Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the shell's center of gravity:
Hs
X s := X s = 4250 × mm
2

Total weight of contents:

2
π× D
Wp := × Hp × γp Wp = 4563× kN
4

Weight of the tank floor:

é π × D 2× t ù
Wf := ê4
ë
( bmin + CA) × γsú × 2
û
Wf = 44.52× kN

3.- Static Analysis:

R0 := 4 Response reduction factor (CD-5005-700-01-751 rev G, Table 1)

ξ := 0.02 Dam ping ratio (NCh 2369 of 2003, Table 5.5)

I := 1 Im portance factor (CD-5005-700-01-751 rev G, section 4.1.4,

class C1)

Soil Type (NCh. 2369 Of. 2003 Table 5.3): ST := 4

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Soil param eters (NCh. 2369 Of. 2003 Table 5.4):

( )
TS ST := 0.20 if ST = 1 ( )
ns ST := 1.00 if ST = 1

0.35 if ST = 2 1.33 if ST = 2
( )
TS ST = 1.35 ( )
ns ST = 1.8
0.62 if ST = 3 1.80 if ST = 3

1.35 if ST = 4 1.80 if ST = 4

First mode sloshing wave period [s] (convective period)

(API 650 Equations E.4.5.2-a & E.4.5.2-c):

0.578 D
TC := 1.8 × ×
é ( 3.68× Hp) ù m
tanhê ú TC = 3.036
ë D û
Im pulsive spectral acceleration parameter [g]
(CD-5005-700-01-751 rev G, section 4.1.7 with R 0=4, I=1.0, ξ=0.02, T=0):

éê 0.97× I æ 0.05 ö 0.4ùú

ê R0 çè ξ ÷ø ú
Ai :=
ë û Ai = 0.35

Im pulsive spectral acceleration parameter [g]

(NCh 2369 of 2003, R=4, I=1.2, ξ=0.02, T=0, Table 5.7): AiNCh2369 := 0.32

Convective spectral acceleration

(CD-5005-700-01-751 rev G, section 4.1.7 with R=1, I=1.0, ξ=0.005)

éæ 0.05 ö 0.4 é 0.083× TC 0.533 + 3.533× TCù ù

SA( T) := maxêç ÷ ×ê + ú × g , 0.053gú
êè 0.005 ø ê é m
2 ù
0.5
æ TC ö
2
ú ú SA( T) = 7.32
ê ê êéê æ TC ö ùú
2
ú 1+ç ÷ ú ú s
2
ê ê êê1 - ç ÷ú + ( 0.1 × TC ) ú
2 è 0.3 ø ú ú
ë ë ëë è 2 øû û û û

SA( T)
Ac := 1.2 ×
g Ac = 0.9

Convective spectral acceleration

(NCh 2369 of 2003 clause 5.8.1.3 with R=1, I=1.2, ξ=0.005)
é ns( S)T ù
ê (2.75× 0.4 × 1.2 ) æ TS( ST) ö æ 0.05 ö
0.4 ú
AcNCh2369 := maxê ×ç ÷ ×ç ÷ , 0.04ú AcNCh2369 = 0.771
ë 1
è TC ø è 0.005 ø û

4.- Vertical S eismic Effects:

Vertical spectral acceleration (NCh 2369 of 2003 section 11.8.9)

æ 2 ö ×A ×g
Av := ç3÷ i Av = 0.23× g
è ø
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5.- Effective Weight of Product:

Effective im pulsive weight of the liquid (API 650 Equations E.6.1.1-1 & E.6.1.1-2):

Wi := æ 1 - 0.218× D ö × W if D < 1.333

ç Hp ÷ p
è ø Hp

tanhæç 0.866×
D ö
Hp ÷ Wi = 3532 × kN
è ø × W otherwise
D p
0.866×
Hp

Effective convective (sloshing) portion of the liquid weight (API 650 Equation E.6.1.1-3):

D æ 3.67× Hp ö
Wc := 0.230× × tanhç ÷ ×W Wc = 1086× kN
Hp è D ø p

6.- Seismic Base Shear

Total Design Base Shear (API 650 Sect ion E.6.1, Equations E.6.1-1, E. 6.1-2 & E.6.1-3):

éëAi × ( Ws + Wr + Wf + Wi)ùû + ( Ac× Wc)

2 2
V t := V t = 1638× kN

éëAiNCh2369× ( Ws + Wr + Wf + Wi )ùû + ( AcNCh2369× Wc)

2 2
V tNCh2369 := V tNCh2369 = 1468 × kN

V t := 0.75× V tNCh2369 if V t < 0.75V tNCh2369

1.25× V tNCh2369 if V t > 1.25V tNCh2369 V t = 1638× kN

V t otherwise

Ai := 0.75× AiNCh2369 if V t < 0.75V tNCh2369

1.25× AiNCh2369 if V t > 1.25V tNCh2369 Ai = 0.35

Ai otherwise

Ac := 0.75× AcNCh2369 if V t < 0.75V tNCh2369

1.25× AcNCh2369 if V t > 1.25V tNCh2369 Ac = 0.9

Ac otherwise
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7.- Center of Action for Ri ngwall Overturni ng Moment

Height from the bottom of tank shell to the center of action of the lateral seism ic force related to the
im pulsive liquid force (API 650 Equations E.6.1.2.1-1 & E.6.1.2-3):
æ 3301 ö
X ilevel := æ 0.5 - 0.094×
D ö D ç 2325 ÷
× Y level if < 1.3333
i ç Y level ÷ i Y level ç ÷
è iø i X ilevel = ç 1575 ÷ × mm
0.375× Y level otherwise ç 825 ÷
i ç ÷
è 75 ø

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of lateral seism ic force related to the convective
liquid force (API 650 Equation E.6.1.2.1-3):

æç æ 3.67× Y leveli ö ö æ 6014 ö

÷ - 1.0 ÷ ç 4182 ÷
coshç ç ÷
ç è D ø ÷
X clevel := ç 1.0 - ÷ × Y leveli X clevel = ç 2533 ÷ × mm
i
ç 3.67× Y level æ 3.67× Y level ö
ç 1176 ÷
i ÷
× sinhç ÷÷
i
ç ç ÷
è D è D øø è 100 ø

8.- Center of Action for Slab Overturing Moment:

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of the lateral seism ic force related to the
im pulsive liquid force (API 650 Equations E.6.1.2.2-1 & E.6.1.2.2-2):

X islevel := æ 0.5 + 0.06× D ö × Y if

D
< 1.3333
i ç Y level ÷ leveli Y level æ 4610 ö
è iø i ç 3660.465 ÷
éê æç 0.866× D ö÷ùú ç ÷
X islevel = ç 3383.018 ÷ × mm
ê ç Y level
i ÷ú ç 3413.999 ÷
0.375× ê1.0 + 1.333× ç - 1÷ú × Y level otherwise ç ÷
ç tanhæ 0.866× D ö è 3654.605 ø
i
ê ÷ú
ê ç ç Y level ÷ ÷ú
ë è è iø øû

Height from the bottom of the tank shell to the center of action of lateral seism ic force related to the convective
liquid force (API 650 Equation E.6.1.2.2-3):

æç æ 3.67× Y leveli ö ö÷ æ 6140 ö

ç ÷ - 1.937 ç 4482 ÷
ç cosh
è D ø ÷ ç ÷
X cslevel := ç 1.0 - ÷ × Y leveli
i 3.67× Y level æ 3.67× Y level ö X cslevel = ç 3261 ÷ × mm
ç i ÷ ç 3150 ÷
× sinhç ÷÷
i
ç ç ÷
è D è D øø
è 25200 ø
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9.- Overturning Moment:

Ringwall mom ent (API 650 Section E.6.1.5, Equation E.6.1.5-1):

2 2
M rwlevel := éAi × æ Wsleveli × X sleveli + Wr× X r + Wileveli × X ileveli öù + æ Ac× Wcleveli × X cleveli ö
i ë è øû è ø

æ 7319 ö
ç 4594 ÷
ç ÷
M rwlevel = ç 2496 ÷ × kN× m
ç 882 ÷
ç ÷
è 122 ø

Slab mom ent (API 650 Section E.6.1.5, Equation E.6.1.5-2):

2 2
M slevel := éAi × æ Wsleveli × X sleveli + Wr× X r + Wileveli × X islevel i öù + æ Ac× Wcleveli × X csleveli ö
i ë è øû è ø

æ 8477 ö
ç 5454 ÷
ç ÷
M slevel = ç 3440 ÷ × kN× m
ç 2342 ÷
ç ÷
è 2118 ø
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10.- Wind Load Calculation (ASCE 7-05 / CD-5005-700-01-751 rev G:

Tank diam eter with insulation

D total := D + 2 × t ins
D total = 8.6 m

m
vb := 45
s Basic wind speed, exp. class C (CD-5005-700-01-751 revG)

Kd := 0.95 Directionality factor for round tank (ASCE 7-05, table 6-4)

Iw := 1 Im portance factor (ASCE 7-05, table1-1)

αw := 9.5 3 s. gust speed exponent, class C (ASCE 7-05, table 6-2)

zg := 274.32 Atm. boundarylayer height, class C (ASCE 7-05, table 6-2)

Kzt := 1 Topographic fac tor, flat ground (ASCE 7-05, figure 6-4)

G := 0.85 Gust effect factor (ASCE 7-05, chapter 6.5.8.1)

Exposure coefficient, h>5m (ASCE 7-05, table 6-3)

2
αw
æ Htotal ö
Kz := 2.01× ç ÷ Kz = 0.99
è zg× m ø
Velocity pressure (AS CE 7-05, 6-15)

kg 2
q z := 0.631 × Kz× Kzt× Kd× vb q z = 1199.4 Pa
3
m

Force coefficient, round, m od.smooth (ASCE7-05, figure 6-21)

æç Htotal ö
- 1÷
ç D total ÷
Cf := 0.5 + ç ÷ × (0.6 - 0.5 )
è 7-1 ø Cf = 0.502

Design wind pressure (ASCE 7-05, chapter 6.5.12.2.1)

p wind := q z× G× Cf p wind = 511.3 Pa

Design wind force

Fwind := p wind× D total× Htotal
Fwind = 41.4× kN

Overturning mom ent at base

Htotal
M wind := Fwind × M wind = 194.4× kN× m
2
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SUMMARY OF SEISMIC AN D WIND LOADS

Weight empty (+10%) (

Wempty := Wr + Ws + Wf × 1.1 = 259× kN )
Weight operation Woperation := Wempty + Wp = 4822 × kN

π× D
2
æ Htotal - Hs ö
Weight full Wfull := × ç Hs + ÷ × γp + Wempty = 5241× kN
4 è 2 ø

æ Av ö
Seismic action Z direction Fvertical := ç × Woperation÷ = 1125× kN
è g ø
Wind X direction Fwindx := Fwind = 41× kN

Wind Y direction Fwindy := Fwind = 41× kN

Seismic action X direction Fx := V t = 1638× kN

Seismic action Y direction Fy := V t = 1638× kN

Wind overturning mom ent M wind = 194× kN× m

Seismic overturning mom ent M seismic := M s = 8522 × kN× m

Ac = 0.9

Av
Av := = 0.23
g
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11.- Dynamic Liquid Hoop Forces

æ 8200 ö
Distance from liquid surface to analysis point: ç 6200 ÷
Y level := Hp - hlevel ç ÷
Y level = ç 4200 ÷ × mm
Product hydrostatic hoop stress in the shell: ç 2200 ÷
æ 42.72 ö ç ÷
ç 36.92 ÷ è 200 ø
σhlevel := γp × Y level ×
D ç ÷
i i 2×t σhlevel = ç 29.17 ÷ × MPa
sleveli
ç 15.28 ÷
ç ÷ æ 341.76 ö
Product hydrostatic m embrane force:
è 1.39 ø ç 258.41 ÷
ç ÷ kN
N hlevel := σhlevel × t slevel N hlevel = ç 175.05 ÷ ×
i i i
ç 91.69 ÷ m
ç ÷
è 8.34 ø
Im pulsive hoop membrane force in tank wall (API 650 Equations E.6.1.4-1a, E.6.1.4-2a & E.6.1.4-3a):

é 2ù
γp D Hp ê Y leveli æ Y leveli ö ú
ç ÷ × tanhæ 0.866× D ö × N if D ³ 1.333
N ilevel := 8.48× Ai× × × ×ê - 0.5 ×
γw m m ç ÷ú ç Hp ÷ mm
i
ë Hp è Hp ø û è ø Hp

otherwise æ 65.7 ö
γp 2 ç 65.9 ÷
× æç
Dö N ç ÷ kN
2.6 × Ai × ÷ × mm if Y leveli ³ 0.75× D
γw è mø N ilevel = ç 58.3 ÷ ×
ç 37.7 ÷ m
é æ Y leveli ö ùú N ç ÷
2
γp 2 ê Y level
æDö è 4.1 ø
- 0.5 × ç ÷ ú×
i
5.22× Ai × ×ç ÷ ×ê otherwise
γw è m ø ë 0.75× D è 0.75× D ø û mm

Convective hoop membrane force in tank wall (API 650 Equation E.6.1.4-4a):

γp
2 æ Hp - Y level ö æ 6.9 ö
1.85× Ac× æ Dö ç
× ç ÷ × cosh 3.68×
i
÷ ç 9.6 ÷
γw è m ø è D ø N ç ÷ kN
N clevel := × N clevel = ç 20.0 ÷ ×
i æ 3.68× Hp ö mm
ç 46.4 ÷ m
coshç ÷
è D ø ç ÷
è 109.8 ø
Total combined hoop stress in t he shell (Maximum) (API 650 Equation E. 6.1.4-6):
æ 55.66 ö
2 2 2 ç 49.75 ÷
N hlevel + æ N ileveli ö + æ N cleveli ö + æ Av× N hleveli ö ç ÷
σTlevel :=
i è ø è ø è ø σTlevel = ç 41.5 ÷ × MPa
i tslevel
i ç 25.86 ÷
ç ÷
è 19.7 ø
Allowable hoop tension mem brane stress (API 650 Section E.6.2.4):

(
Fhs := min 1.33× Sd , 0.9 × fy× 0.85 ) Fhs = 128.1× MPa
æ 0.43 ö
ç 0.39 ÷
σTlevel ç ÷
= ç 0.32 ÷
Rate Working stress / Allowable stress: Fhs
ç 0.2 ÷
ç ÷
è 0.15 ø
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12.- Anchorage:

Force resisting uplift in annular region (API 650 Equation E.6.2.1.1-1a).

é N t bmin + CA (
fys Hp γp ) N Hp D γp ù
Wa := minê99× × × × × × 1 - 0.4 × Av , 201.1× × × × ( × 1 - 0.4 × Av ú
) ( )
ê m MPa m γw m m m γw ú
ë mm
û
kN
Wa = 12.7×
m

Anchorage Ratio (API 650 Section E.6.2.1.1.1, Equations E.6.2.1.1.1-1 & E.6.2.1.1.1-2).

M rw
Jr :=
é Ws + Wr ù
× ( 1 - 0.4 × Av) + Waú
2
D ×ê
ë π× D û Jr = 5.286

(API 650 Table E-6; Jr > 1.54 ==> Mechanically-Anchored Tank).

13.- Mechanically-Anchored:

Recomm ended minimum of anchor bolts (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Table 3-33, Page 194, API 650 E.7. 1.2):
nABmin := 6 if D < 54in
8 if D < 78in
12 if D < 102in
nABmin = 20
16 if D < 126in
20 if D > 127in
nAB := 28
Chosen number of equally spaced anchor bolts:

Aproximate spacing between anchor bolts calculated from nom inal diameter: π× D
= 0.95 m
(API 650 section E.7.1.2 The spacing between anchors shall not exceed 3 [m ]): nAB

Design uplift load on anchors per unit circumferential length:

(API 650 Section E.6.2.1.2, Equation E.6.2.1.2-1):

( 1.273×M rw) ( Ws + Wr)

( )
kN
wAB := - × 1 - 0.4 × Av wAB = 122.7×
2 π× D m
D

Anchor bolt seismic uplift load (API 650 Equation E.6.2.1.2-2):

PAB := wAB× æç
π× D ö
÷ PAB = 117× kN
è nAB ø

Anchor bolt diameter : Φ AB := 1.25× in

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Net tensile area of the anchor bolt (AISC LRFD Table 8-7): 2 2
Anet := 0.969in = 625.2× mm

Net radius from net tensile area of the anchor bolt:

Anet
rnet :=
π

Net corroded radius of the anchor bolt:

rcnet := rnet - CAs

Net tensile area of the anchor bolt in corroded condition:

2 2
aNAB := π× rcnet aNAB = 625.2× mm

Allowable uplift load of the anchor bolt (API 650 Table 5.21a):

Pall := 0.8 × fyb× aNAB Pall = 125× kN

PAB
Rate Working load / Allowable load for anchor bolts: = 0.94
Pall

Anchorage attachment design load (API 650 Section E.6.2.1.2):

( )
PA := min 3 × PAB , Anet× fyb
PA = 156.3× kN

Chosen number of seismic stoppers: nssAB := 28

Stoppers design force (SS-09021-01 Dec 2009 Section 6):

3×Vt
V NCh := V NCh = 175.5× kN
nssAB

The minim um bottom plate thickness (t bcalc) is obtained in

t bcalc := 16mm
section 16 "Anchor Chair design":

Minim um stopper thickness (SS-09021-01 Dec 2009 Section 6):

t ST := 1.5 × tbcalc t ST = 24.0× mm
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14.- Maximum Longitudinal Shell Membrane Compresion Stress

Maxim um longitudinal shell compression stress

(API 650 Section E.6.2.2.2, Equation E.6.2.2.2-1a):
æ 17.04 ö
é æ Wsleveli + Wrö M ù ç 12.42 ÷
êè ø × 1 + 0.4 × A + 1.273× rwleveli ú × 1 ç ÷
σclevel :=
i ê π× D
( v) 2 ú tslevel σclevel = ç 8.13 ÷ × MPa
ë D û i ç 3.21 ÷
ç ÷
è 0.81 ø
Allowable longitudinal shell compression stress
(API 650 Section E.6.2.2.3, Equations E.6.2.2.3-1a & E.6.2.2.3-2a):

t slevel γp Y leveli D 2
i × × æç ö÷
mm γw m è mø
Falevel := 83.× MPa if ³ 44
i D 2
æ tsleveli ö
m ç ÷
è mm ø
otherwise
æ t sleveli ö æ 52.72 ö
ç Y ÷ ç 46.02 ÷
ç mm γ p leveli÷ ç ÷
x ¬ ç 83× + 7.5 × × × MPa Falevel = ç 38.81 ÷ × MPa
D γw m ÷
ç 2.5 × ÷ ç 34.56 ÷
è m ø ç ÷
x if x < 0.5 × fy è 26.79 ø
0.5 × fy otherwise

Allowable seism ic com presion (NCh 2369 Of. 2003 article 11.7.4):
æ 21.28 ö
ç 18.62 ÷
æ 135× fy× t sleveli ö ç ÷
FaNChlevel := minç , 0.8 × fy÷ FaNChlevel = ç 15.96 ÷ × MPa
i è D ø ç 15.96 ÷
ç ÷
è 15.96 ø
Rate Working stress / Allowable .stress: æ 0.8 ö
ç 0.67 ÷
σclevel ç ÷
i
nMCSlevel := nMCSlevel = ç 0.51 ÷
minæ Falevel , FaNChlevel ö
i
è i i ø ç 0.2 ÷
ç ÷
è 0.05 ø

15.- Freeboard:

Coefficient to adjust the spectral acceleration from 5%-0.5% damping

K := 1.5
K = 1.5 unless otherwise specified
I= 1 Im portance factor (CD-5005-700-01-751 rev G, section 4.1.4, class C1)
Convective spectral acceleration
Ac = 0.895
(CD-5005-700-01-751 rev G, section 4.1.7 with R=1, I=1.0, ξ=0.005) and
(NCh 2369 of 2003 clause 5.8.1.3 with R=1, I=1.2, ξ=0.005)
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First mode sloshing wave period [s] (convective period)

TC = 3.036
(API 650 Equations E.4.5.2-a & E.4.5.2-c):

Acceleration coefficient for sloshing wave height calculation(API 650 Section E.7.2-2 and E.7.2-3 & Table E-7

K× Ac× I× æç ö if T £ 4
1
Af :=
TC ÷ C
è ø Af = 0.442
K× Ac× I× æç
4 ö
÷ otherwise
ç TC 2 ÷
è ø

The height of the sloshing wave above the product height (API 650 Section E.7.2-1)

hmax := 0.5 × D × Af = 1880.5 × mm

Minim um freeboard (API 650 Section E.7.2 & Table E-7, NCh 2369 Of. 2003 article 4.3.1):

hs := 0.5 × D × 0.7 × Af if I = 0.8

0.7 × Af if I = 1.0 hs = 1316× mm

Af
if I = 1.2
I
Freeboard of the tank accroding to initial data: h := Hs - Hp = 300× mm

The impact area can be divide into n parts and the im pact pressures in each part can be obtained
by linear interpolation

( )
i
pi = × γp × g× hmax - h
n

where
n := 10000 number of the parts i := 0 , 1 .. n - 1
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From the figure above obtained

hmax hmax - h
× æç 1 - ö = 3.6 m
D h
L :=
hmax ÷
= and
D L 2
è ø
2

The total im pact force due to sloshing

éê D æ Lö ùú
2
æ D ö - é D - L+ L + i × æ L öù
2
ó2 ç ÷
- L+( i +1) ×
êó ç ÷ ê ç ÷ú ènø é i ×γ × h i+1 ù ú
ê n p ( max - h) + n × γp × ( hmax - h) ú ú
ô
n- 1 è 2 ø ë2 è n øû
êô
n
ô
Fimp :=
å êô
ô 1 dx× ô
ô
ê
ë 2
ú dyú
û
i=0 êõ 2
æ D ö - é D - L+ L + i × æ L öù
2
õD - L+ i × æ L ö ú
êë - ç ÷ ê ç ÷ú ç ÷ úû
è 2 ø ë2 n è n øû 2 ènø

Fimp = 147× kN

16.- Anchor Chair Design

Source: Pressure Vessel Design Manual. Third Edition. Dennis Moss. Procedures 3-14 & 5-1.

16.1- Initial data

ll := 125mm

a := 60mm

D
Re := + ts
2 Re = 4258 × mm

Rbe := Re + ll Rbe = 4383× mm

Rbi := Re - 70mm Rbi = 4188× mm

m in. 5 in,
ds := Rbe - Rbi ds = 195× mm
127mm
Radius of
Rb := Re + a Rb = 4318 × mm
bolt circle

cc := Rbe - Rb cc = 65× mm

ts
σb := σc× = 0.7 × MPa
Maxim um bearing pressure: ds
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Recomm ended allowable bearing pressure of conrete fap := 0.30× fc = 7.5 × MPa
(Pressure Vessel Handbook 2nd edition, H . Bednar, page 89):

σb
Rate Working bearing pressure / Allowable bearing pressure: = 0.094
fap

Exposed lenght of the bolts (NCh. 2369 Of. 2003 Section 8.6.2):
hi := 254mm
( )
max 8 × ΦAB , 250mm = 254× mm

Diameter of hole in top plate (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 193):
db := Φ AB + 1.0in db = 57× mm

Exact spacing between anchor bolts:

(API 650 section E.7.1.2. The spacing between anchors shall not exceed 3 [m])

sAB :=
( 2 × π× R b ) sAB = 969× mm
nAB

Spacing between vertical chair stiffeners (bolt zone):

b := 90mm

Spacing between vertical chair stiffeners:

b s := sAB b s = 969× mm

Allowable bending stress for base plate (API 650 Section E.6.2.1.2 & Table 5-2a):
4
Fb := Ss
3 Fb = 193.3× MPa

Bottom plates design load from m aximum bearing pressure: P := σb× ll× b = 7.9 × kN

Bending m oment per unit lenght. (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 197):

P× b
M o1 := M o1 = 0.1 × kN× m
8

16.2- Bottom plate

Minim um required thickness of bottom plate between guessets. (PVPM 3 rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 197):

6 × Mo1
t b1 := + CAs t b1 = 4.5 × mm
( ds - db) × Fb
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ll
= 0.129
Ratio ll/b for table 3-36. (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 193): bs

Bending Moments Unit Lenght from table 3-36. (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 193):
2
M x0 := 0 = 0 × kN M y0 := -0.5 × σb × ll = -5.5 × kN
2 2
M x0.333 := 0.0078× σb × b s = 5.1 × kN M y0.333 := -0.428× σb × ll = -4.7 × kN
2 2
M x0.5 := 0.0293 × σb × bs = 19.3× kN M y0.5 := -0.319× σb × ll = -3.5 × kN
2 2
M x0.667 := 0.0558× σb × b s = 36.8× kN M y0.667 := -0.227× σb × ll = -2.5 × kN
2 2
M x1.0 := 0.0972 × σb × bs = 64.1× kN M y1.0 := -0.119× σb × ll = -1.3 × kN
2 M x := 1.98kN 2 M y := -5.09kN
M x1.5 := 0.123× σb × b s = 81.2× kN M y1.5 := -0.124× σb × ll = -1.4 × kN
2 2
M x2.0 := 0.131× σb × b s = 86.4× kN M y2.0 := -0.125× σb × ll = -1.4 × kN
2 2
M x3.0 := 0.133× σb × b s = 87.8× kN M y3.0 := -0.125× σb × ll = -1.4 × kN

(
M o2 := max M x , My ) = 5.1×kN

Minim um required thickness of bottom plate between chairs. (PVPM 3 rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 197):

t b2 :=
( 6×Mo2) + CAs t b2 = 12.6× mm
Fb

( )
Minim um bottom plate thickness is the maxim um of the
max tb1 , tb2 , t bmin , 16mm = 16× mm
values calculated above:

t b := 20mm
Chosen bottom plate thickness:

16.3- Top plate/ring

2.5
go := in
Washer radius (PV PM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Pages 194 &198): 2

Ratio b/ll for calculating bending mom ent, M ot, in top ring, for table 3-37. b
r2 := = 0.7
(PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Pages 194 & 198): ll
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Constants for bending moment calculation from Table 3-37 (PVPM 3 rd Edition, D. Moss, Pages 194 &198):

b b
γ1 := 0.565 if £ 1.0 γ2 := 0.135 if £ 1.0
ll ll
b b
0.350 if 1 < £ 1.2 0.115 if 1 < £ 1.2
ll ll
b b
0.211 if 1.2 < £ 1.4 0.085 if 1.2 < £ 1.4
ll ll
b b
0.125 if 1.4 < £ 1.6 0.057 if 1.4 < £ 1.6
ll ll
b b
0.073 if 1.6 < £ 1.8 0.037 if 1.6 < £ 1.8
ll ll
b b
0.042 if 1.8 < £2 0.023 if 1.8 < £2
ll ll
b b
0 if >2 0 if >2
ll ll

γ1 = 0.57
γ2 = 0.14

Bending m oment, Mo, in top ring (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 198):

PA
× éê( 1 + ν) × lnæç ö + 1 - γ ù if a = ll Ù b ³ 1
÷ ( 1 )ú
2ll
M o3 :=
4× π
ë è π× go ø û 2 ll

é æ 2× ll× sinæ π a ö ö ù
PA ê ç ç ll ÷ ÷ ú γ1 × PA
× ê( 1 + ν) × lnç
è ø +1 - ll b
÷ ú if a ¹ Ù ³1
π go
4π
ë è ø û 4π 2 ll
M o3 = 20234.3 N
é æ 2× ll× sinæ ö ö ù
π a
PA ê ç ç ll ÷ ÷ ú é
è ø + 1 - ê 1 - ν - γ × PAùú if b < 1
× ê( 1 + ν) × lnç ÷ ú ( 2 ) 4π
4π
ë è π go
ø û ë û ll

Calculted minimum required thickness of top ring, type 4 æç M o3 ö

(PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 198): t cmin := 6× + CAs÷ = 25.06× mm
çè Fb ÷ø

1
Distance e (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 198): e := cc - × d = 36.4× mm
2 b
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Calculted minimum required thickness of top ring, type 4 PA

(PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 198): t cmin2 :=
Fb × e
( )
× 0.375× b - 0.22db = 21.7× mm

( )
t cmin3 := max tcmin , t cmin2 , 16mm = 25.1× mm

t c := 30mm
Chosen thickness of the top ring:

Horizontal force:

PA× a
Phorizontal := Phorizontal = 33.6× kN
tc tb
hi + +
2 2

Mom ent and forces of the compression ring at the chair:

Phorizontal× 0.5 × ( D + ll) æ nAB ö

× ç cotæç
180deg ö
M a := ÷ - ÷ M a = -2.7 × kN× m
π
2
è è nAB ø ø
Phorizontal
× cotæç
180deg ö
Ta := ÷ Ta = 149.2× kN
2
è nAB
ø

Phorizontal
V a := V a = 16.81× kN
2

Mom ent and forces of the compression ring between the chairs:

Phorizontal× 0.5 × ( D + ll) æ nAB ö

× ç cscæç
180deg ö
M b := ÷ - ÷ M b = 1.36× kN× m
π
2
è è nAB ø ø

Phorizontal
× cscæç
180deg ö
Tb := ÷ Tb = 150.1× kN
2
è nAB
ø

V b := 0kN V b = 0 × kN

Cross sectional area

:= ×
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Aring := t c× ll 3 2
Aring = 3.75 ´ 10 × mm

Inertia mom ent

2
t c× ll 3
Wring := Wring = 78125 × mm
6

Allowable stress in compression ring: Fc := 0.8 × fys = 181.6× MPa

Stresses in the compression ring at the chair:

Ma Ta
σchair := + σchair = 74.5× MPa
Wring Aring
Must_be £ Fc
Stresses in the compression ring between the chairs

Mb Tb
σbetween := + σbetween = 57.4× MPa
Wring Aring
Must_be £ Fc

16.4- Vertical chair stiffners / gussets

Calculted minimum required thickness of gussets (PVPM 3 rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 198):
(PA is acting in two gusset)

æ PA ö
ç ÷
t gcalc := ç ÷
2
t gcalc = 5 × mm
è 18000psi× ll ø
3
t gmin := in + CAs = 9.5 × mm
8

Chosen thickness of gussets:

t g := 10mm

The buckling of the gusset will be verified according to EN- standard.

Three edges of the gusset plate is welded and one is free.
γm := 1.1
Parial safety factor for calculating gusset:

Theoretical Euler stress:

2 2
π × Es tg
σEuler := 0.426× × σEuler = 122.3× MPa
(
12× 1 - ν
2
) hi
2

Slenderness:
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fys
λ gusset := λ gusset = 1.4
σEuler

Reduction factor r:

ρ := 1.0 if λ gusset £ 0.748

λ gusset - 0.188 ρ = 0.6

if λ gusset > 0.748
2
λ gusset

Allowable com pression stress in the gusset plate, including safety factor 1.5 and material safety factor 1.1:

ρ× fys
σg_all := σg_all = 87.1× MPa
1.5 × γm

The com pression stress in the gusset plate: ( P A is acting in one gusset )
PA

2
σg := σg = 62.5× MPa
tg× ( a + cc )

σg
= 0.7
Rate Working com pression stress / Allowable com pression stress: σg_all

16.5- Stresses in Circular Ring (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 256)
Procedure 5-1 "Stresses in Circular
Ring"

Allowable stress in shell at anchor attachm ent (API 650 Section 5.12.9, Table 5-21a): Fb1 := Sd = 152.5× MPa

Distance from centre of top ring to centre of bottom ring:

tc tb
h := hi + + h = 279× mm
2 2

Load on attachment (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 256):

PA× a
Fr := Fr = 33.61× kN
h

Area of ring including portion of the shell (PVPM 3rd Edition, D. Moss, Page 258):

(
Ar := t c× ( a + cc ) + ts× 32× ts + t c ) Ar = 60.4× cm
2

Center in y-direction:
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éê 2 ùú
æ a + cc ö t s
÷ 2 ( s c )ú
1
yg := × êt c× ( a + cc) × ç t s + + × 32× t + t
Ar ë è 2 ø û yg = 45.3× mm

Mom ent of the inertia of the ring:

( tc) × (a + cc )3 æ a + cc ö
2 t s × ( 32× t s + t c)
3
æ ts ö
2
Irg := + t c× ( a + cc ) × ç ts + - yg÷ + + ts× ( 32× ts + t c) × ç yg - ÷
12 è 2 ø 12 è 2ø

3 4
Irg = 1.1 ´ 10 × cm

Elastic section modulus of the ring:

æ Irg Irg ö 3
Sx := minç , ÷ Sx = 127.5× cm
è yg a + cc + t s - yg ø
Half angle between anchor bolts:

π
Φ 1 := Φ 1 = 6.43× deg
nAB

Force in shell:

Fr 1
Tr := × Tr = 150.1× kN
2 sin Φ 1 ( )
Mom ents in shell:

æ 1 ( )
cos Φ1 ö D
M r := 0.5 × ç - ÷ × Fr× 2 M r = 2.7 × kN× m
Φ1 sin( Φ)1
è ø

M rb := 0.5 × æç
1 1 ö D
- ×F × M rb = 1.34× kN× m
( ) Φ1 ÷ r 2
è sin Φ1 ø

Maxim um combined stress:

é Tr t s× 32× ts + tc (M r Tr )
t s× 32× ts + tc M rbù( )
σTr := maxê + σT× + , + σT× + ú σTr = 66.92× MPa
ë Ar Ar Sx Ar Ar Sx
û

σTr
Rate Working stress / Allowable stress: = 0.44
Fb1