Summery

PCC btm
Water Pier Foun Len-
width- D/s off -s1 U/s off-s2 FOS OT
depth Length-Lp Lf
Lfpcc

3.5 2.2 3.7 8.4 0.5 0.6 2.1

3 2.2 3.7 8.4 0.5 0.6 2.5

2.5 1.8 2.8 7.5 0.3 0.3 2.5

2 1.8 2.8 7.5 0.3 0.3 3.1

FOS SL Pmax Pmin Raft bottom stress 1 Pier bottom stress 1
stress 2 stress 2

2.8 65.8 13.0 59.8 15.0 590.6 165.2

9.9 53.0 27.1 44.4 22.1 372.9 278.3

494 45.0 32.5 43.8 14.9 348.4 150.3

506 32.7 46.7 29.8 20.4 192.6 211.2

 Analysis and Design of Bandhara Weir On Hard Rock, PCC with base raft (D/S slope)
INPUT
Depth of Water above raft Hw 3.5 m
Hw in earth quake case Hw 1.75 m
Free Board Fb 0.5 m
H hf Height of HFL above Raft Hhfl 10 m
Velocity of Water flow v 5 m/sec
Discharge q 80 cumec/m
Slope of bed level U/S (1:n) n 100
Foundation Length Lf 3.70 m
Foundation
Depth Depth
of PCC Df 0.3 m
Foundation
Pier (Approx width for one pier Bf 3.4 m
600mm in rock) Df pcc 4.7 m
Bottom Width of PCC Lf pcc 8.40 m
Angle of front pcc 45 deg
Spacing of pier 3.4 m
Straight length of pier Lp 2.20 m
Thickness of pier Tp 0.4 m
Density of Concrete γc 24 kN/cum
Needle offset X 0.3
Seismic Zone Z 0.24
Importance factor I 1
Sa/g Sa/g 2.5
Response Reduction Factor R 2.5
D/S offset s1 0.5 m
U/S offset s2 0.6 m
INPUT ABOUT BRIDGE Safe Bearing Capacity SBC 300 kN/sqm
Total length of bridge L = 70 m Silt factor f 500
Spacing of main piers Sm = 10 m Friction Factor 0.5
Spacing of Bandhara piers Sb = 3.4 m Depth of scour D 3.16 m
SUMMARY
FOS-Overturning FOS-Sliding Pmax Pmin %Liftoff
2.05 2.84 65.8 13.0
With Gates Full Water up to FTL
> 2 OK > 1.5 OK < SBC OK > 0 OK

PCC
Pier Foun
Water btm FOS Raft bottom
Length- Len- D/s off -s1 U/s off-s2 FOS SL Pmax Pmin
depth width- OT stress 1 stress 2
Lp Lf
Lfpcc
3.5 2.20 3.70 8.40 0.5 0.6 2.05 2.84 65.75 12.98 59.8 15.0
Hw FB permissible
3.5 0.5 0.61 N/mm2

Straight I CG
length in Thickness in CG: 1/8pir*r*r* A*rsquare
m m Total lenth Radius Area 4r/3pi dist of CG r for circle
Lp tp
2.20 0.4 2.6 0.2 1.0057 0.0849 1.1849 0.0006 0.1771

Iy (1/8) Uncracked moment

Rec i Total Zx r*r( zyy Capacity
mx my
0.3549 0.5320 0.40922 0.0130 0.06495 249.625 39.6194
A) Maximum bending moment at base due to static water force = 243 kNm
w*h*h*h*spacing/6
B)Trasevere bending moment due to moving current
Velicity 5 m/sec HFL 10 m
Trasveres velocity for 20degree variation v sin20 Sinn20 0.3
max velocit 7.1
vsquare 5.8

Maximum bm in weir case

In Meter velsq
Pier bottom 5 2.92
Pier top 9 5.26

Bm at bottom
Due to recy trina 12.5
Due to recct 23.4

Total 36 KNM

c) Maximum bending moment due to earth quake force

Importance factor I 1
Zone factor Z 0.24
response Red factor R 2.5
sa/g 2.5
Ah 0.12
Dead Load of pier 96.5
BM 23.2 kNm

Bm at base is 0.424PeH
Pe 0.555khden*h*h

Pe 1.50
 BM 0.95 kNm

Total Bending Moment 24.1 kNm

Summary for pier

moving
Static Capacity Capacity
Pier current EQ
water XX yy
variation
1` 243 36 24 249.6 39.6
Hence only temerature steel is adequate

Temperature steel of 8mm diameter at 200 instead of at 250 be given

Load cases

With Gates Water up to FTL

ii. With Gates Full Water up to FTL (Without Earthquake)

Check for Overturning

Stabilizing Moment 7147.5 kNm

Overturning Moment 3480.0 kNm

FOS = Stabilizing M / Overturning M 7147.5 / 3480.04 =

 Check for Sliding
Vertical Load 1124.4 kNm
Horizontal force 197.95 kNm
FOS = Vertical Load x m / Horizontal P 1124.4 x 0.50 =
/ 197.95
Check for Pressure
Effective Moment 3667.4 kNm
Effective vertical Load 1124.4 kNm

x 3667.4 / 1124.4 =
Eccentricity = Lf/2-x 0.94 <Lf/6 OK
Pmax=P/A(1+6e/Lf) 65.753 kN/sqm < SBC OK
Pmin=P/A(1-6e/Lf) 12.984 kN/sqm > 0 OK

Liftoff =(B-3(B/2-e))*100/B -16.4908 % <20% OK

stresses at the bottom of the raft slab due to DL and static water

total vertical load = 471 kN

effective moment = M(dl)-M(static water) = 697 kNm
x 1.48
e 0.37

Stress1 59.8 kN/m2

Stress 2 15.0 kN/m2
 2.054
> 2 OK
 2.84
> 1.5 OK

3.26

Stresses at the bottom of pier due to DL and static water

total vertical load = 380 kN

effective moment = M(dl)-M(static water) = 407 kNm
x 1.07
e 0.23

stress 1 591 kN/m2

stress 2 165 kN/m2
Weir with d/s slope

Maximum depth of Founda 5 m

SBC 300 kn per sq m
Weir slope 1:01
Pier width 0.4 m
Non Ses Seis
Tension area 10% <20%
Overturning >2 >1.5
Sliding >1.5 >1.2
Weir

Foundation slab 0.5m thick

Water Foun Len- PCC bottom D/s oss

Sr depth PierstL-Lp Lf width-Lfpcc -s1 U/s off-s2 FOS FOS sl Pmax Pmin

1.00 3.50 2.20 3.70 8.20 0.50 0.60 2.00 2.80 67.76 11.75

1.00 3.00 2.20 3.70 8.20 0.50 0.60 2.41 9.76 54.28 26.55

1.00 2.50 1.80 2.80 7.30 0.30 0.30 2.39 483.91 45.81 32.18

1.00 2.00 1.80 2.80 7.30 0.30 0.30 2.97 495.37 32.75 47.09

2 3.5 2.2 3.7 8.2 0.5 0.6 1.695629 1.164966 -3.254205 197.4336 zone4dlonly

Foundation slab 0.3m thick

Sr Water dept PierstL-Lp Foun Len-LPCC bottom w

D/s oss -s1U/s off-s2 FOS FOS sl Pmax Pmin

1 3.5 2.2 3.7 8.4 0.5 0.6 2.053843 2.840087 65.75314 12.98449

2 3.5 2.2 3.7 8.4 0.5 0.6 1.728633 1.162978 1.689369 192.1953 zone4dlonly

1 3 2.2 3.7 8.4 0.5 0.6 2.478576 9.917437 52.99283 27.14808

1 2.5 1.8 2.8 7.5 0.3 0.3 2.466854 494.1203 45.00407 32.505

1 2 1.8 2.8 7.5 0.3 0.3 3.069128 506.4287 32.70879 46.73101

Design of Pier and raft
Pier
Concrete M 25
Steel Fe 500
σcbc = 8.00
σst = 240.00
m = 11.67
K = 0.28
j = 0.91
Q = 1.02
10x(Hw+Fb)^3/
Max Mt = 362.667 kNm
6x spacing
Area of Pie
Equivalen = 1.01 Sqm
t Length
= Ast/Tp 2.51 m
with thk
Tp
Bending st = M/Z 0.86 Mpa
< 1.8 Mpa OK
Shear Forc = 10 x(Hw+Fb)^2/2 80 kN
Shear Stre = V/(Leq x Tp) 0.080 Mpa
< 0.2 Mpa OK
Minimun steel
8 dia @ 150 c/c
Provide 8 dia horizontal bars @ 150c/c both the faces

Footing
Thickness 300 mm
Minimum steel 0.15% 450 sqmm
Required spacing of 10 φ
diameter bars 170 c/c
Provide same steel in both the direction top and bottom.
 Concrete Grade M 25
Steel sigma st 200 MPa
jd 0.9
D 300 mm
d 245 mm

Pmax 60 kN/m2
Cantilever moment 7.5 kNm wl2/2 Ast rqd 360 mm2

provided steel
10 mm @ 250 mm C/C So Ast provided = 314 mm2

M capacity 14.70 kNm steel is adiquate

Span 3.25 m
P avg 37 kN/m2
Continuous slab moment 39 kNm wl2/10
Ast 893 mm2
provide 12 mm @ 127 mm
Annexure-I Dead/Self Load calculation
 Annexure-II Uplift Load Calculation

Pmax=10x(Hw+Df+Dfpcc) = 85 kN/sqm
Pmin = 10 x (Df + Dfpcc) = 50 kN/sqm
Lever M@O
kN
Arm m kNm
Triangular (Pmax - Pmin) x
= 499.8 5.60 2798.9
uplift Lfpcc/2 x spacing
Rectangular
= PminxLfpccxspacing 1428.0 4.2 5997.6
Uplift
Total 1927.8 8796.5
Summary
P kN H kN M @ O kNm
With Water -1927.8 0 -8796.5
Annexure-III Passive soil Pressure calculation

kN
Passive γsubx(Df+Dfpcc)^
= 1030.3
soil pr. 2/2 x (1/ka)
Total 1030.3
Summary
P kN H kN
Static Water 0 1030.3
on

Lever M@O
Arm m kNm
1.67 1717.2
1717.2

M @ O kNm
1717.2
 Annexure-IV Static Water Pressure calculation

U/S P1 = 10x(Hw+Df+Dfpcc)^2/
2xspacing
Total
Summary
P kN
Static Water 0

To check the stresses at the bottom of the ra

H (kN) LA (m)
245.5 1.3

START

Df,Lf,Hw,spacin
g
P1= 10 x (Hw + Df)

M sw = P1 x 2/3 (Hw + Df)

Msw

END
lation

Lever M@O
kN
Arm m kNm

1228.3 2.83 3480.0

1228.3 3480.0

H kN M @ O kNm
1228.3 3480.0

es at the bottom of the raft slab To check the stresses at the bottom of the Pier

M (kNm) H (kN) LA (m) M (kNm)

310.9 208.3 1.2 243.0
Annexure-V Bouyancy Load calculation
Annexure-VI Moving Water Pressure calculation

Normal Current
Mean Velocity 5 m/sec
Max Velocity at HFL
√2xVmean 7.07 m/sec
Vmax =
Max Velocity at top of Vmax/(Hhfl+Df+Df pcc) x (Df
= 4.01 m/sec
pier Vt ^2 pcc+Df+Hw+Fb)

Max velocity at bot of Vmax/(Hhfl+Df+Df pcc)x

= 2.36 m/sec
pier Vb^2 (Df+Df pcc)
Pressure at Top of pier
= 0.52 x Vt x Vt x 0.66 5.51 kN/sqm
Pt
Pressure at Bot of pier
= 0.52 x Vb x Vb x 0.66 1.91 kN/sqm
Pb
Pressure at Top of pier
= 0.52 x Vb x Vb x 1.5 4.33 kN/sqm
PCC
Pressure at Bot of pier
= 0.00 kN/sqm
PCC
Lever Arm Mt @ O
kN
m kNm
Pr. due to Pb = Pb x (Hw + Fb) x Tp 2.67 6.6 17.6

5.05 7.67 38.7

Pr. due to Pt-Pb = (Pt - Pb) x (Hw + Fb) x Tp

36.83 3.33 122.8

Pr. on Footing/PCC = Pt pcc/2 x Bf x (Df + Df pcc)
TOTAL 44.5 179.1
With Ɵ = 20 deg variation in water current
Current Direction Vc = √2 x Vmean x cos(20) 6.64 m/sec
Traffic direction Vt = √2 x Vmean x sin(20) 2.42 m/sec
Pr.current direction Pc = 0.52x0.66.VcxVc 15.15 kN/sqm
Pr.traffic direction Pt = 0.52x0.66.VtxVt 2.01 kN/sqm
Lever Arm Mt @ O
kN
m kNm
= Pcx(Hw+Fb)xTp 24.24 6.00 145.47
Curent dir. Force
= Pcx(Df+Dfpcc)xBf 257.60 3.33 858.65
= Ptx(Hw+Fb)xLp 17.66 6.6 116.59
Traffic dir. Force
= Ptx(Df+Dfpcc)x(Lf+Lfpcc)/2 60.72 2.5 151.80
Summary
Mt @ O
P kN Vc kN Vt kN Mc kNm
Moving Water 0 44.5 0 179.1 -
with Ɵ = 20 deg 0 281.84 78.39 1004.12 268.39
Annexure-VII Earthquake Force calculation
Hydrodynamic Force when earthquake parallel to current
0.726/2xAhxspacing
p = x(Df+Dfpcc+Hw) 1.00 kN

Vh = 0.726xpx(Hw+Df+
Dfpcc)xspacing 4.90 kN
0.299xpx(Hw+Df+
Moment =
Dfpcc)^2xspacing 13.62 kNm
Design seismic
Ah =
Horizontal Co-efficient 0.12
Ah = (Z/2)x (I/R) sa/g
Seismic
z 0.24
Zone =
Importance
I 1
factor =
sa/g 2.5
Response
reduction = R 2.5
factor
Inertia Force
Earthquake
= DL(pier) x Ah 11.59 kN
force on Pier
Moment = Feqx(Hw/2+Df+Dfpcc) 68.06 kNm

Earthquake
= DL(raft)xAh 10.87 kN
force on raft
Moment = FeqxDfpcc/2 27.17 kNm

Earthquake
= DL(pcc)xAh 255.23 kN
force on Pcc
0.5x(Dfpcc1xAhxDfpcc/2
Moment = +Wpcc2xAhxDfpcc/3) 522.14 kNm

Summary
P kN H kN M @ O kNm
With Water 0.0 282.59 631.0
DISCLAIMER

In using this program, the user accepts and understands that no

warranty is expressed or implied by me (Dr R K Ingle) on the accuracy
or the reliability of the program. The users must clearly understand
the program and must verify their own results.

Dr R K Ingle
Professor
Department of Applied Mechanics
V N I T Nagpur
440010

Please report all bugs and suggestions to :

rkingle@rediffmail.com