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SWOT analysis for firefly conservation

Chapter · November 2011

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Wan F. A. Jusoh
National University of Singapore
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Suggestion for citation: Hashim, N.R. & Jusoh, W. F. A. (2011). SWOT analysis for firefly conservation. In: Hashim (Ed.)
Handbook for field survey and SWOT analysis of congregating fireflies in Malaysia (pp. 25-29). Serdang:Universiti Putra
Malaysia Press.

SWOT Analysis for

Firefly Conservation
Nor Rasidah Hashim
Wan Faridah Akmal Wan Jusoh

Introduction
SWOT analysis is a widely applied tool
in the analysis of internal and external
environment for strategic decision making.
SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities and Threats. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal factors whereas
opportunities and threats are external
factors. Recently, SWOT analysis has
reached wider fields of application. These
include assessing the factors influencing
forest management planning, biodiversity
protection, management of national
parks and buffer zone management of
a nature reserve. In wildlife conservation,
SWOT analysis can be used for species
conservation evaluation. Therefore, we
have come up with a SWOT analysis to
predict the sustainability of the firefly
population based on their current habitat
and conservation status.
The SWOT analysis in this handbook is
used in conjunction with the Datasheet
in Chapter 2. In the SWOT analysis the
conditions that are significantly related
to firefly conservation are evaluated
for each factor (Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities and Threats). For example,
research/scientific knowledge on firefly
habitat is essential in sound conservation
programmes. Most of the data needed
for the SWOT analysis can be extracted
from the Datasheets in Chapter 2. After
the overall score has been calculated, the
interpretation of firefly conservation should
be made accordingly in a formal report.
Procedures
The data from the datasheets in Chapter
2 should be input in appropriate places in
the SWOT analysis table below. The score
for each condition (answer) is made based
on the given options. If a user does not
know the answer to a question, a score
of zero should be made. Questions that
require external sources (indicated with
an asterisk) are optional. An overall score
is made by totalling up the scores of each
factor. Finally, the user is asked to provide
comments, suggestions and/or insight for
the SWOT analysis results with regards to the
conservation of fireflies in the study area.

25

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Name of analyst:
Study area:
Date:
Swot Analysis Score
1. Habitat of firefly is available.
How good is the habitat?
i. How many firefly species can be found along a riverbank?
(1 species = 1; 2 species = 2;
3 species = 3; 4 species = 4;
5 species = 5)

ii. What is the maximum length of firefly distribution along

a riverbank?
(<5km = 1; 5-10km = 2; >10km = 3)

iii. How many display trees along the river?

(1-10 = 1; 11-20 = 2; 21-30 = 3; 31-40 = 4; >40 = 5)

iv. What is the average firefly abundance on all display trees?

(1-3 = 1; 5-10 = 2;
15-25 = 3; 30-50 = 4)
Strengths 2. Habitat of firefly is protected.
How is the area protected?
i. Is the area protected by law (local/federal)?
(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)

ii. Is there active conservation by local community?

(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)

iii. Is government involved actively in the conservation?

(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)

iv. Is there active conservation by NGO?

(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)
2. Other faunal species is available.
i. How many species?
(<5 species = 1; 6-10 species = 2; 11-15 species = 3;
16-20 species = 4; >20 species = 5)

26

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3. Research/scientific knowledge on firefly habitat is available*

i. How many publications?
(1-5 published articles = 1;
Strengths 6-15 published articles = 2;
>15 published articles = 3)

ii. Research monitoring firefly habitat is available.

(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)
Total Scores

1. Habitat of firefly is available.

(NO = -1; otherwise leave blank)
2. Habitat of firefly is protected.
(NO = -1; otherwise leave blank)
Weaknesses
3. Other faunal species available.
(NO = -1; otherwise leave blank)
4. Research/scientific knowledge on firefly habitat is available*
(NO = -1; otherwise leave blank)
Total Scores

1. Threats to firefly habitats exist.

(NO = 1; otherwise leave blank)
2. Tourists are available.
i. How many tourists per year visiting firefly habitat?
Opportunities (1-50 = 1; 51-100 = 2; >100 = 3)

ii. What is the total income of firefly boat operator/local

people from the firefly watching activity per year?
(<RM 300 = 1; RM 600-1,000 = 2; >RM 1,000 – 10,000 =
3; >RM 10,000 = 4)

27

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3. Conservation programme for fireflies is supported.

i. Government has interest in firefly conservation
programme.
(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)
Opportunities ii. NGOs have interest in firefly conservation programme.
(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)
4. Sources of funding for firefly conservation programme are
available.
(YES = 1; otherwise leave blank)
Total Scores

1. Threats to firefly habitats exist.

What are types of threats?
i. How many land use types around firefly habitat?
(<5 land use types = -1;
5-10 land use types = -2;
>10 land use types = -3)

ii. What type of boats do the operators use?

(Row sampan only = -1;
Electric motor only = -1;
Petrol engine and others = -2)

iii. What is the level of artificial bright lighting along the river?
Threats
(Intermittent = -1; Perpetually on = -2)

iv. Poaching/killing/collecting exists?

(YES = -1; otherwise leave blank)
2. Tourists are available.
(NO = -1; otherwise leave blank)
3. Government/ NGOs have interest in firefly conservation
programme.
(NO = -1; otherwise leave blank)
4. Sources of funding for firefly conservation programme are
available.
(NO = -1; otherwise leave blank)
Total Scores

28

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Total scores of Strengths =

Total scores of Weaknesses =

Total scores of Opportunities =

Total scores of Threats =

OVERALL SCORE =
(Note: The maximum possible overall score is 43 whereas the minimum possible overall score is -15)

Interpretation of SWOT analysis results (include comments and suggestions):

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29

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