MATHEMATICS METHODS

ATAR COURSE

FORMULA SHEET

2017

Copyright
© School Curriculum and Standards Authority, 2016

This document – apart from any third party copyright material contained in it – may be freely copied, or communicated on an
intranet, for non-commercial purposes in educational institutions, provided that it is not changed and that the School Curriculum and
Standards Authority is acknowledged as the copyright owner, and that the Authority’s moral rights are not infringed.

Copying or communication for any other purpose can be done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with prior written
permission of the School Curriculum and Standards Authority. Copying or communication of any third party copyright material can be
done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with permission of the copyright owners.

Any content in this document that has been derived from the Australian Curriculum may be used under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) licence.

This document is valid for teaching and examining until 31 December 2017.

Mathematics Methods Formula Sheet 2017

2017/1749
MATHEMATICs METHODs 2 Formula SHEET

Differentiation and integration

d n x n+1
dx
(x ) = nx n–1 ∫ x dx =
n
n +1 + c, n = −1

d ax–b 1
dx
(e ) = ae ax–b ∫e ax
dx = a e ax + c

d 1 1
dx
(1n x) =
x ∫ x dx = ln x + c, x>c

d f ′(x) f ′(x)
dx
(1n f (x)) =
f (x) ∫ f (x)
dx = 1n f (x) + c, f(x) > 0

d 1
dx
(sin (ax–b)) = a cos (ax–b) ∫ sin (ax–b) dx = – a cos (ax –b) + c

d 1
dx
(cos (ax–b)) = – a sin (ax–b) ∫ cos (ax – b) dx = a sin (ax – b) + c

If y = uv If y = f (x) g(x)

then or then
Product rule
d dv du y' = f '(x) g(x) + f (x) g'(x)
(uv) = u + v
dx dx dx

u f (x)
If y = If y = g(x)
v
then or then
Quotient rule
du dv f '(x) g (x) – f(x) g'(x)
d u v –u
= dx dx y' =
dx v (g (x)) 2
v 2

If y = f (u) and u = g (x) If y = f (g(x))

then or then
Chain rule
dy dy du y' = f '(g(x)) g'(x)
= ×
dx du dx

d x b
Fundamental theorem
dx ∫ a
f(t) dt = f (x) and ∫ f'(x) d x = f (b) − f (a)
a

dy
Incremental formula δy ≈ dx × δx

Exponential growth dP = kP P = P0e kt

and decay dt

See next page

Formula SHEET 3 MATHEMATICs METHODs

Mensuration

Parallelogram A = bh
1 1
Triangle A= bh or A= ab sin C
2 2
1
Trapezium A= (a + b)h
2
Circle A = πr 2 and C = 2πr = πd

Prism V = Ah, where A is the area of the cross section

1
Pyramid V= Ah, where A is the area of the cross section
3
Cylinder V = πr 2h TSA = 2 πrh + πr 2h
1 πr 2h
Cone V= TSA = πrs + πr 2, where s is the slant height
3
4 πr 3
Sphere V= TSA = 4πr 2
3

Trigonometry

sin x
sin2 x + cos2 x = 1 tan x =
cos x

Logarithms

x = loga b ax = b a loga b = b and loga(ab) = b

m
logamn = logam + logan loga = logam – logan
n

loga(mk) = k loga m loge x = ln x

See next page

MATHEMATICs METHODs 4 Formula SHEET

Probability

For any event A and its complement A′ P(A′) = 1 – P(A)

P(A B)
P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B) P(A B ) = P(B)

Random variables and

Mean Variance
probability distributions
Bernoulli: mean is the sample proportion p μ=p σ2 = p (1 – p)
n x
Binomial distribution: P(X = x) = p (1 – p)n–x μ = np σ2 = np (1 – p)
x

Discrete random variable: P(X = x) = P(x) μ = E(x)=∑xp(x) σ2=∑(x – μ)2 p(x)

b
Continuous random variable: P(a ≤ X ≤ b) = ∫ p(x)dx
a

∞ ∞
Expected value: E(x) = ∫ –∞
xp(x)dx Variance: σ2 = ∫ –∞
(x – μ) 2 p(x) dx

sample proportions X
p̂ =
n
Mean: Standard deviation:
E( p̂) = p p(1 – p)
s=
n
Margin of error: Confidence interval:
p̂(1 – p̂) p̂ (1 – p̂) p̂ (1 – p̂)
E=z p̂ – z ≤ p ≤ p̂ + z
n n n

Note: A
ny additional formulas identified by the examination panel as necessary will be included
in the body of the particular question.