1857 mv‡ji wmcvwn we‡`ªv‡ni KviY I djvdj Av‡jvPbv Ki|

Dc¯’vcbvt
cjvkxi hy‡×i gv‡a¨‡g Bó BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb †h wbqš¿Y ÿgZv
nv‡Z cvb Zv Kv‡R jvwM‡q Zviv fviZ e‡l© †kvlY I wbh©vZb
Pvjv‡Z _v‡Kb| Z‡e G ‡kvlY I wbh©vZb ¯’vqx nqwb| evsjvi
†PZbv I †eva ÿzbœ RbmvaviY `xN© GKk eQ‡ii Am‡šÍv‡li
Aemv‡bi Rb¨ 1857 mv‡j iv¯Ívq †b‡g Avm‡Z wcQcv nqwb| d‡j
msMwVZ nq BwZnv‡mi Ab¨Zg Kvwnbx 1857 mv‡ji wmcvvnx
we‡`ªvn|

wb‡¤œ 1857 mv‡ji wmcvnx we‡`ªv‡ni KviY I djvdj Av‡jvPbv

Kiv nj:
 1857 mv‡ji wmcvnx we‡`ªv‡ni †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq, GKK †Kvb
KviY wQj bv| Z‡e `xN©w`b †Kv¤úvwb kvm‡bi AZ¨vPvi,
wbh©vZb I †ÿvf G we‡`ªv‡ni g~j KviY wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ
nq| ZvB Gm‡ei Aemv‡bi Rb¨ fviZxq †PZbv m¤úbœ
RbmvaiY iv¯Ívq †b‡g Av‡m|

 ivR‰bwZK KviY
1857 mv‡ji wmcvwn we‡`ªv‡ni Ab¨Zg Kvib fviZxq kvmK
e‡M©i Zxeª weªwUk we‡ivax g‡bvfve| 1757 mv‡ji ci †_‡K
Bó BwÛqv †Kv¤úvbx G‡Ki ci GK fviZxq f‚LÛ `Lj K‡i
wb‡R‡`i AvwacZ¨ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Gi d‡j fvi‡Zi
wewfbœ A‡ji Zxeª weªwUk we‡ivax g‡bvfve †`Lv †`q|
1
 GQvov †Kv¤úvwb kvm‡bi †gvoj wn‡m‡e fviZ e‡l©
A‡b‡Ki Avwef©ve n‡qwQj| Zv‡`i g‡„a¨ †KD wQ‡jb fviZ
evmxi cÖwZ bvg gvÎ D`vi, †KD K‡Vvi, †KD mvg¨ev`x
cÖf…wZ cÖK…wZi| G ai‡bi GKRb n‡jb jW© Wvj‡nŠwm|
jW© Wvj‡nŠwm Zvi ¯^Z¡ we‡jvc bxwZ cÖ‡qvM K‡i
mvZviv, Suvwm, bvMcyi, m¤¢jcy„i cÖfz„wZ ivR¨ weªwUk
mv¤ªvR¨fy³ K‡ib| 1854 mv‡j Kb©v‡Ui beve we‡jvc K‡ib|
†ckev wØZxq evwRiv I Gi `ËKcyÎ bvbv mv‡n‡ei fvZv eÜ
K‡ib| 1856 mv‡j Ackvm‡bi Awf‡hvM A‡hva¨v weªwUk
mv¤ªvR¨f‚³ K‡ib|

A‡hva¨v eûc~e© †_‡K †Kv¤úvwbi mv‡_ mym¤úK© eRvq

†i‡L PjZ| A‡hva¨v `Lj K‡iI Wvj‡nŠwm ÿvšÍ nbwb|
wbR©¾fv‡e A‡hva¨vi †KvlvMvi jyÉb K‡ib Ges KjKvZvq
wbe©vmb †`b| bev‡ei ivR¨ Py¨wZi d‡j eû †cvl¨ cwievi
GKev‡i mnvq m¤^ejnxb n‡q c‡ob| GQvov †Kv¤úvwb
A‡hva¨v `Lj Kivi ci †m evR¯^ e¨e¯’vi cÖPjb K‡ib Zv
Rbmvavi‡bi mv‡a¨i evwn‡i wQj| Gfv‡e †`Lv hvq, †`kxq
ivRv, †`kxq wmcvwn I Rbmvavib weªwUk miKv‡i kvm‡bi
Aemv‡bi Rb¨ GKB RqMvq G‡m mg‡eZ nb| d‡j msMwVZ
nq 1857 mv‡j wmcvwn we‡`ªvn|

 A_©‰bwZK KviY
1857 mv‡ji we‡`ªv‡ni Rbmvavi‡bi A_©‰bwZK Am‡šÍvl
wQj me©v‡MÖ| weªwUk kvm‡bi c~‡e© G‡`k wQj K…wl I
2
 wk‡í mg„×| wKš‘ †Kv¤úvwbi kvm‡bi d‡j G‡`‡k ïiæ nq
jvMvgnxb †kvl‡Yi cvjv| d‡j fviZx‡`i Rxe‡b Pig `vwi`ª †b‡g
Av‡m| †Kv¤úvwbi Ab¨vqg~jK ivR¯^ bxwZi d‡j G‡`‡ki
mg„× K…lKKzj mnvq m¤^j nvwi‡q c‡_ e‡mb| weL¨vZ
mgvvRZvwš¿K Kvj gvK©m 1857 mv‡ji wmcvwn we‡`ªv‡ni
KviY m¤ú‡K© e‡jbÑ
(K) wPi¯’vqx e‡›`ve¯Íi d‡j fviZxq `wi`ª K…lK Kz‡ji Dci
Rwg`vi I ivR¯^ kwv³i hyM¥ †kvlb|
(L) K…lK Kz‡ji Dci AwZwi³ K‡ii †evSv Pvcv‡bv|
(M) Av`vqK…Z ivR‡¯^i mvgvb¨Zg Ask K…lK Dbœq‡b e¨q
bv nIqvq †mP e¨e¯’v aŸsm nq|
(N) ¯’vbxq wk‡íi aŸsm Ges weªwUk c‡Y¨i fviZxq ivRvi `Lj
Ges
(O) K…lK‡`i Dci wewea AZ¨vPvig~jK AvBb|
Gme Am‡šÍv‡li d‡j we‡`ªvn †h Zv ¯^vfvweK e¨vcvi|

 mvgvwRK KviYt
1857 mv‡ji we‡`ªv‡n mvgvwRK Am‡šÍvlI ¯’vqx wQj|
GcÖm‡½ i‡gj P›`ª gRyg`vi e‡j‡Qb, fvi‡Zi mKj †kÖYxi
gvbyl weªwUk‡`i weiæ‡× fxlY fv‡e Amš‘ó wQj| KiY,
wewRZ fviZ evmxi cÖwZ we‡RZv wewUk‡`i N„Yvi
g‡bvfve fviZxq‡`i mv‡_ †Kv¤úvwbi †Kvb HK¨fve M‡o
D‡V wb| Bs‡iRiv fviZevmx‡K ee©i e‡j AwewfZ KiZ Ges
wLª÷vb ag© hvRKMb cÖKv‡k¨ wn›`y‡`i gywZ© c~Rv I

3
 mvgvwRK ms¯‹vivw`i wb›`v KiZ| G AZ¨vPv‡ii K_v eojvU
Imv‡ib †nw÷sm ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb|

 agx©q KviYt
1857 mv‡ji gnvwe‡`ªv‡ni Rb¨ fviZxq‡`i ag©xq Am‡šÍvlI
`vqx wQj| fvi‡Z Lªx÷vb wgkbvix‡`i ZrciZvq fviZxq‡`i g‡b
G Avk¼v Rb¥vq †h, Bs‡iR kvm‡b Zviv ag©všÍwiZ n‡Z
eva¨| wLª÷vb wgkbvix‡`i cÖKv‡k¨ ag©cÖPvi, wn›`y
gymjgvb‡`i ag©všÍwiZ Kivi cÖ‡Póv Pvjvq| we`¨vjq,
nvmcvZvj, †Rj-_vbvq wLª÷vb cÖvw`ª‡`i Aeva hvZvqvZ
wn›`y gymjgvb‡`i g‡b `viæb Av‡jvob m„wó K‡iwQj|
GQvov gw›`i ev gmwR` cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó f‚wg Ges
`vZe¨ cÖwZôvb ¸‡jvi Dci Kiv‡iv‡ci miKvwi bxwZ fviZxq
RbM‡bi ag©xq †PZbvq Pig AvNvZ nv‡b| 1850 mv‡j fviZ
miKvi Ggb GKwU AvBb wewae× K‡ib hvi gg© wQj
wLª÷vbag© Aej¤^bKvix‡K Zvi ‰cwÎK m¤úwËi
DËivwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv hv‡e bv| Gi d‡j wn›`y-gymjgvb
Df‡qB wbR wbR a‡g©i fwel¨Z m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡gv` ¸‡b| 1857
R.D Mangales mv‡j Bsj¨v‡Ûi cvj©v‡g‡›Ui GK fvl‡b e‡jb
†h, Lªx÷vb a‡g©i weRq cZvKv fvi‡Zi GKcÖvšÍ †_‡K Aci
cÖvšÍ ch©šÍ m‡MŠi‡e D¾xeb ivLvi Rb¨B fvM¨ weavZv
wn›`y¯’v‡bi we¯Í…Z mv¤ªvR¨ Bsj¨v‡Ûi nv‡Z Zz‡j
w`‡qwQ‡jb| mgMÖ fviZe‡l©i gvbyl‡K

4
Lªx÷a‡g© `xwÿZ Kivi Kv‡R cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB AvcÖvY †Póv
Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| G ai‡bi e³e¨ †kvbvi ci fviZxqiv Avi Pyc K‡i
e‡m _vK‡Z cv‡ib wb|

 mvgwiK KviY:
c~‡e© fviZx‡`i ga¨ †_‡K weªwUk †mbvevwnbx‡Z
wb‡qvM Kiv n‡Zv| wKš‘ †mbv evwnbx‡Z wQj Pig ˆekg¨g~jK
e¨e¯’v| ‡mbv evwnbx‡Z †kZv½ I fviZx‡`i ga¨ †_‡K †PZbvMZ
w`‡K I cv_©K¨ wQj| Rvbv hvq 3 jÿ 15 nvRvi 500 Rb fviZxq
ˆmwb‡Ki Rb¨ evwl©K e¨q nZ 98 jÿ cvDÛ| A_P 51 nvRvi 315
Rb BD‡ivcxq ‡mbv evwnbxi Rb¨ LiR Kiv n‡Zv 56 jÿ 60
nvRvi cvDÛ| GQvov †mbv evwnbx‡Z c‡`vbœwZi †ÿ‡Î wQ‡jv
wekvj e¨eavb| mvgwiK evwnbx‡Z †`kxq wmcvnx‡`i wbK…ó
†kÖbxi Rxe e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡Zv| Zv‡`i‡K wbMvi, ky‡qvi
BZ¨vw` e‡j MvjvMvwj KiZ| Gfv‡e ‡Kv¤úvwbi e¨env‡i
fviZxq wmcvnx‡`i g‡a¨ hLb Pig Am‡šÍvl weivRgvb ZLb
†Kv¤úvwb miKv‡ii K‡qKwU mvgwiK ms¯‹vi wmcvwn‡`i
agv©byf~wZ‡Z cÖPÛ AvNvZ nvb‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQj| ZvB GK
chv‡q© wmcvwn‡`i Kcv‡j wZjK KvUv wbwl×Kib, `vwo
Kvgv‡bv, cyiv‡bv cvMwo e¨env‡ii Pvc cÖ‡qvM BZ¨vw`
fviZxq wmcvwn‡`i g‡b Am‡šÍv‡li m„wó K‡iwQj| Gfv‡e
wmcvwn‡`i g‡b hLb Pig ivR‰bwZK Am‡šÍvl weivRgvb ZLb
weªwUk miKvi Gbwdì bvgK GK cÖKvi ivB‡d‡ji e¨envi ïiæ
K‡ib| G‡Z GK cÖKvi ¸Re DVj †h, Gbwdì ivB‡d‡ji KvZ©y‡R
Miy I ïK‡ii Pwe© gvLv‡bv Av‡Q ; G Pwe© `vZ w`‡q †K‡U
5
 e›`y‡K cyi‡Z n‡Zv| ZvB wmcvwn‡`i GB cÖZ¨ÿ Kvi‡b Avi
e‡m _vK‡Z cvi‡jb bv| weavq msNwUZ nq 1857 mv‡ji
wmcvwn we‡`ªvn|

 1857 mv‡ji wmcvwn we‡`ªv‡ni djvdj:

fviZevmxi cÖ_g ‰Mviegq we‡`ªvn: fviZ e‡l© G we‡`ªvn
GK ˆMviegq we‡`ªv‡ni Aa¨vq| GB we‡`ªv‡ni `ye©jZv hvB
_vKzK bv †Kb, weªwUk mv¤ªv‡Rev`‡`i MÖvm †_‡K fviZ‡K
gy³ Kivi Rb¨ fviZxq RbM‡bi GUvB wQj cÖ_g gyw³i msMÖvg| G
we‡`ªvn AvaywbK fviZx‡`i Av‡›`vj‡bi c_ ms¯‹vi K‡i w`‡qwQj
G we‡`ªv‡ni Av`k© I cwiKíbv cieZ©xKv‡j gyw³i msMªv‡g
Aby‡cÖiYv hyyM‡qwQj|

 ‡Kv¤úvwb kvm‡bi Aemvb:

GB we‡`ªv‡n weªwUk miKvi Abyaveb K‡ib †h, fvi‡Zi GZ
wekvj †`‡ki kvmb fvi GKwU ewYK †Kv¤úvwbi nv‡Z _vKv
wbivc` bq| G Kvi‡Y weªwUk miKvi 1858 mv‡j fviZ kvm‡bi fvi
mivmwi wbR nv‡Z MÖnY K‡ib| fviZ kvmb Kivi Rb¨ gnvivbx‡K
mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ weªwUk gš¿xmfvi GKRb m`m¨‡K fviZ mwPe
wbhy³ Kiv nq| m¨vi Pvj©m DP cÖ_g fviZ mwP‡ei c` AjsK…Z
K‡ib| Zv‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ 15 m`m¨wewkó GKwU KvDwÝj
MVb Kiv nq| fvi‡Zi eo jvU© fvBmiq e‡j AwfwnZ nb|

 gnvivbxi †NvlYv cÎ cªKvk:

6
1858 mv‡ji 1 jv b‡f¤^i Bsj¨v‡Ûi gnvivbx GK †NvlYv cÎ Rvwi
K‡ib| G †NvlYv c‡Î ejv nq †h-
 ¯^Z¡we‡jvc bxwZ cwiZ¨v³ ‡NvlYv Kiv nq|
 ‡`kxq ivRb¨e‡M©i `ËK cyÎ MÖn‡Yi AbygwZ †`qv nq
Zv‡`i mv‡_ ¯^vÿwiZ †Kv¤úvwbi mKj Pzw³ iÿv Kiv n‡e| G
wbðqZv †`Iqv nq|
 weªwUk miKvi ivR¨ we¯Ívi bxwZ cwiZ¨vM K‡ib|
 ‡hvM¨Zv Abyhvqx mKj fviZxq‡K miKvix PvKyix‡Z
wb‡qvM Kiv n‡e|
 fviZx‡`i ag©xq ¯^vaxbZvi wbðqZv †`qv n‡e|
 weªwUk miKv‡ii weiƒ‡× †hme fviZxq hy‡× Ask MÖnY
K‡iwQ‡jv Zv‡`i cÖwZ ÿgv †NvlYv Kiv nq|

 1861 mv‡ji AvBb cvm:

1857 mv‡ji wmcvwn we‡`ªvn Ae‡jvKb K‡i weªwUk miKvi fvi‡Z
cÖZ¨ÿ Kv‡qg K‡ib Ges fvi‡Zi kvmb e¨e¯’vq fviZx‡`i AwaKZi
mshy³ Kivi Rb¨ 1861 mv‡j weªwUk cvjv©‡g‡›U fviZxq cwil`
AvBb cvk K‡ib| G AvB‡bi gva¨‡g cÖ_g ev‡ii gZ fviZxq AvBb
cwil‡` fviZx‡`i AšÍf©~³ Kiv n‡jv|

 ‡ev¤^B I gv`ªvR †cÖwm‡WwÝi AvBb cÖbqb ÿgZv

cybe©nvj:

7
 1833 mv‡ji mb` AvB‡b Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij I cwil‡`i nv‡Z
gv`ªvR I †ev¤^vB †cªwm‡WwÝi AvBb cÖbq‡bi ÿgZv b¨¯Í Kiv
n‡qwQj| 1861 mv‡ji AvB‡b gv`ªvR I †ev¤^vB †cÖwm‡WwÝi
AvBb cÖbq‡bi ÿgZv cybivq wdwi‡q †`Iqv nq|

 mvgwiK bxwZ:
1857 mv‡ji wmcvwn we‡`ªv‡ni ci fviZxq mvgwiK
evwnbx‡Z cwieZ©b mvab Kiv nq| A‡hva¨vq Aew¯’Z †e½j
Avwg©i cwie‡Z© fvi‡Zi wewfbœ agx©q I AvÂwjK RvwZ
†Mvôx †_‡K wmcvwn wb‡qv‡Mi bxwZ MÖnb Kiv nq|
BD‡ivcxq †mbv e„w× Kiv nq| Ges †Mvj›`v`vR evwnbx‡Z
fviZxq‡`i wb‡qvM wbwl× Kiv nq| Bs‡iR †mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z
gibv¯¿ Zz‡j †`Iqv nq| Ab¨vb¨ w`‡K fviZx‡`i nv‡Z wb¤œv¯¿ Zz‡j
†`Iqv nq|

 †`kxq ivR¨¸‡jvi mv‡_ eÜzZ¡ g~jK m¤úK© ¯’vcb:

1857 mv‡ji we‡`ªv‡ni Ab¨ w`K †_‡K MyiƒZ¡c~Y© bv n‡jI
weªwUk miKvi Zv‡`i bxwZi cwieZ©b NUvb| c~‡e© Zv‡`i bxwZ
wQ‡jv mgMÖ fvi‡Zi GK”QÎ AvwacZ¨ we¯Ívi ev f~LÛ m„wó
Kiv | wKš‘ G we‡`ªv‡ni ci weªwUk miKvi †`kxq ivR¨¸‡jvi mv‡_
eÜzZ¡ m¤úK© ¯’vc‡b AvMÖnx nb| d‡j fviZevmxi wKQzU
myweav nq|

8
 gyNj mv¤ªv‡R¨i Aemvb :
1857 mv‡ji we‡`ªvn Ab¨w`K ‡_‡K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bv n‡jI
Gw`‡K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wQj| G we‡`ªv‡ni ci fviZ el© †_‡K gyNj
kvm‡bi Aemvb N‡U|
w`jøx AwaKvi K‡i Bs‡iR miKvi evn`yi kvn‡K e›`x K‡ib| gyNj
ev`kvn‡`i b„ksmfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq Ges evnv`yi kvn‡K †e½‡j
wbev©mb †`Iqv nq| 1862 mv‡j †e½j m¤ªvU es‡ki ‡MŠie wPiZ‡i
gy‡Q hvq|

 weªwUk miKvi KZ…©K ms¯‹vi g~jK c`‡ÿc:

G we‡`ªv‡ni cÖZ¨ÿ AwfÁZv AR©b K‡i weªwUk
miKvi Zv‡`i bxwZi cwieZ©b K‡ib| d‡j fvi‡Z ms¯‹vi g~jK
cwiKíbvi cvkvcvwk weªwUk miKvi fviZx‡`i m¤ú‡K© A‡bKUv
m‡PZb nb|

 gšÍe¨ :
G we‡`ªv‡ni Rb¨ `vqx wQj 1757-1857 mvj ch©šÍ 100 eQ‡ii
†kvlY wbhv©Z‡bi weiƒ‡× fviZevwmi †ÿv‡fi Pig cÖwZev`|