EDUCATION INDUSTRY & CONULTANCY IN GREECE

Prepared by: Submitted To:

Tarang kerai Prof. Dharmendra kherajani
17u069
 Content layout

1. Introduction
2. History
3. Economy
4. The Greek Education System
5. Structure of the Greek Education System
6. Requirements of Greece Universities
7. Internship & Placements
8. Reference
 Introduction
 Greece is a country located in Southern Europe on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula
possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands.

 Greece has land borders with Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Turkey, the Aegean Sea, the Ionia
Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea.

 Greece has a strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to the
Turkish Straits.

 The government system is a parliamentary republic; the chief of state is the president, and the
head of government is the prime minister.

 Greece has a market economy in which the prices of goods and services are determined in a free
price system.

 Greece is a member of the European Union (EU).

 History

~1830
Greece gains independence from the Ottoman Empire after the 8-year Greek War of
Independence.

~1941
Germany invades and conquers Greece. The resulting occupation resulted in rapid inflation,
along with a severe famine during which over 100,000 Greeks died.

~1944
Greek and British forces unite to force the Nazis out of Greece.

~1944
Greek and British forces unite to force the Nazis out of Greece.

~1952
Greece joins NATO.

~1981
Greece joins the European Union.

~1981
Greece joins the European Union.
~2010
Eurozone members approve a 110 billion euro rescue package, amid fears of Greece potentially
defaulting on its debt.

~2011
All three main credit rating agencies cut Greece's debt rating to junk status. Eurozone members
approve an additional 109 billion euro bailout package and later agree to a 50% debt write-off
for Greece in return for further austerity measures.

~2011
All three main credit rating agencies cut Greece's debt rating to junk status. Eurozone members
approve an additional 109 billion euro bailout package and later agree to a 50% debt write-off
for Greece in return for further austerity measures.

~February 2014
Greek unemployment reaches a record high of 28%.

~April 2014
Greece raises nearly 3 billion euros from world financial markets, in its first sale of long-term
government bonds in four years. This is seen as an important step towards the country's
economic recovery.

~2015
Greece's location on the Mediterranean Sea and its border with Turkey has made it a
destination for refugees and asylum seekers. The increase in migrants from Northern Africa,
Eastern Europe, and the Middle East has caused a crisis in Greece and throughout Europe.
 Economy

Income Level
High Income
(by per capita GNI)
Level of Development Developed

Greece has a capitalist economy with a public sector accounting for about
Economic Trivia 40% of GDP and with per capita GDP about two-thirds that of the leading
euro-zone economies.

Top 3 Trade Partners (2017): Germany, Italy, and Russia

Trade Top 3 Exported Goods (2017): Oil & Mineral Fuels, Aluminum, and
Industrial Machinery

Top Industries Tourism; Food and Tobacco Processing; Textiles; Chemicals

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

GDP, PPP (current international) $297,008,117,389 (2017)

GDP Growth Rate (annual %) 1.351% (2017)

GDP Per Capita, PPP (current international) $27,602 (2017)

GDP Country Rank57/195 (2017)

Economic Indicators

Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 1.121% (2017)

External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) Data unavailable

Total tax rate (% of commercial profits) 51.7% (2017)

Real Interest Rate (5 year average %) 7.544% (2016)

Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) 8.866% (2017)

Current Account Balance (BoP, current US$) ($1,331,471,846) (2017)

Economic Indicators

Labor Force, Total 4,880,180 (2017)

Employment in Agriculture (% of total employment) 12.128% (2017)

Employment in Industry (% of total employment) 15.298% (2017)

Employment in Services (% of total employment) 72.574% (2017)

Unemployment Rate 21.49% (2017)

Trade

Imports of goods and services (current US$) $68,691,519,438 (2017)

Exports of goods and services (current US$) $66,535,646,370 (2017)

Total Merchandise Trade (% of GDP) 44.659% (2017)

FDI, net inflows (BoP, current US$) $4,021,758,192 (2017)

Commercial Service Exports (current US$) $32,186,981,640 (2017)

 The Greek Educational System
 The educational system in Greece is mainly characterized by its versatile character,
which is ordained by the numerous laws and decrees of the Greek Ministry of Culture,
Education and Religious Affairs.
 Over the years, the Ministry in question has made significant changes to the education
system, most of which were mandated by the wish of each government to adopt recent
scientific findings and acclaimed education models of other countries in the world.
 Adapting state-of-the-art research in the field of education, as well as foreign education
practices to meet the needs of the Greek society and labor market has resulted in a
multilayered education system, which caters for all students in the country.
 Most students in Greece attend public schools of all levels, for which there are no
tuition fees, while less than 10% of the student population enrolls in private schools

Early childhood education / care

AGE 0-4

 Daycare center Vrefonypiakos stathmos

AGE 5-6

 Kindergarten school Nypiagogio

 Experimental Kindegarten School Piramatiko Nipiagogio

Primary education

AGE 6-12 (COMPULSORY)

 Primary school Dimotiko scholio

 Experimental Primary School Piramatiko Dimotiko Scholio
SPECIAL EDUCATION

 Primary School for students with Special Needs Ediko Dimotiko Scholio.
 Secondary education

AGE 12-15 (COMPULSORY)

 Junior High school Gymnasio

 Evening Junior High School Esperino Gymnasio
 Experimental Junior High School Piramatiko Gymnasio
 Music Junior High School Mousiko Gymnasio
 Arts Junior High School Kallitechniko Gymnasio
 Multicultural Junior High School Gymnasio Diapolitismikis Ekpedefsis
SPECIAL EDUCATION

 Junior High School for students with Special Needs Ediko Gymnasio

AGE 15-18

 General High school Lykio

 General Evening High School Esperino Geniko Lykio
 Experimental High School Piramatiko Lykio
 Music High School Mousiko Lykio
 Arts High School Kallitechniko Lykio
 Multicultural High School Lykio Diapolitismikis Ekpedefsis
SPECIAL EDUCATION

 Special Vocational Education & Training Institutes Ergastiria Epagelmatikis Ekpedefsis &
Katartisis

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
 Vocational High School Epagelmatiko Lykio
 Vocational Evening High School Esperino Epagelmatiko Lykio
 Vocational Training Schools Scholi Epagelmatikis Katartisis
 Higher Education
FROM THE AGE OF 18

 University Panepistimio
 Technological Educational Institute Anotato Technologiko Ekpedeftiko Idrima
 School of Pedagogical and Technological education Anotati Scholi Technologikis & Pedagogikis
Ekpedefsis
 School of Fine Arts Scholi Kalon Technon
 Hellenic Open University Elliniko Anichto Panepistimio

Lifelong Learning
 Lifelong Learning Centers Kentra Dia Viou Mathisis
 Second Chance Adult Education School Scholio Defteris Efkerias
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

 Vocational Training Schools Scholi Epagelmatikis Katartisis

 Vocational Training Institutes Institouta Epagelmatikis Katartisis
Structure of the Greek Education System

 Education in Greece is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.
 The education system is divided into Early Education and Care for children up to the age
of 6; Primary Education for schoolchildren between the ages of 6 and 12, Secondary
Education for teenagers between the ages of 12 and 18, Higher Education for those
wishing to attend university courses, and, finally, Lifelong Learning, which caters for
adult students of all ages.

Early Education and Care

 In Greece there are Daycare Centers which provide children up to the age of 5 with pre-
school education.
 The last stage of pre-school education is carried out in Kindergarten Schools, where
young students take preparatory courses just before enrolling in primary/elementary
schools.

Primary Education
 Primary Schools welcome children of the age of 6.
 Some of these schools are termed “Experimental”, as they carry out experimental
education practices, and are supervised by university departments specializing in
pedagogics and primary education.
 There are also primary schools which cater for students with physical or mental
impairment, or special needs.
 In all three types of primary schools, students learn basic skills in a number of subjects,
like Language Reading and Writing, Environmental Studies, Maths, English.
 Primary Schools in Greece operate between 8am and 1pm, while the majority of those
offer extra classes on Physical Education, Art and Music until 4pm.
Secondary Education

All students graduating from primary education must attend courses in a Junior High School.
There are several types of Junior High Schools. A student may attend the Junior High School
which is located in his neighborhood, or he/she may be admitted to an Experimental Junior
High School through a lottery system. Students who have a special interest in painting, drama,
dancing or music may attend a Junior High School that specializes in the field. There are also
Junior High Schools which address students from a multicultural background, as well as
students with special needs. Most Junior High Schools operate from 8am to 2pm, but there are
also evening schools that operate from 7pm till 10pm for students – mainly adults – who work
during daytime. A variety of subjects are taught in Junior High Schools, including Modern and
Ancient Greek Language, Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Geography, History, Physical Education,
Religious Studies, Music and Art, while special emphasis is given to foreign language learning, as
students are taught both English and another European language of their choice (students tend
to choose between French and German). Students take exams in all subjects at the end of each
school year.
Although upper level Secondary Education is not compulsory in Greece, most students attend
High School. At this level, students may opt to attend a General High School or an Experimental
High School (mainly for graduates of Experimental Junior High Schools) or any High School
specializing in music or the arts. Students from foreign countries may attend a Multicultural
High School, while there are Special Vocational Education & Training Institutes for students with
special needs. Students may also pursue vocational training in Vocational High Schools, or, once
they are 16, they may enroll in a Vocational Evening High School and graduate after 4 years of
study. In addition, there are Vocational Training Schools; in these schools, as well as in all
Vocational High Schools students attend general education courses combined with workplace
courses. At the final stage of his/her studies, a student may work as an apprentice and gain
valuable work experience.
High Schools offer a combination of General Education courses and Advanced Placement
courses. Students who wish to pursue studies in Higher Education take Panhellenic exams in a
specific number of Advanced Placement courses which fall into one of the following categories:
Humanities, Science, Technology. This is considered to be a tough and highly competitive exam
process that students go through in order to ensure education at a higher level.
Higher Education

Greece has a high number of university graduates. Most of them attend four-year studies in University
departments and in Technological University departments, as well as in the various departments of the
School of Pedagogical and Technological Education, while those attending Technical University
departments – specializing in fields like architecture and engineering – graduate after five years of
studies. Students who wish to enroll in the School of Fine Arts take special exams, and graduate after
five years of studies. Courses in Higher Education institutes in Greece take the form of either lectures or
workshops, and most of the courses spread over one semester. Most university departments in Greece
offer one-year or two-year postgraduate courses, as well as the opportunity to pursue a doctoral
degree. Students may also enroll in the Hellenic Open University for graduate or postgraduate studies,
where they pay tuition fees and where they are admitted through an annual lottery system.

Listing of Greek Institutions of Higher Education

Ministry of Education, Research and Religious Affairs

European Commission Eurydice Network: Overview of the Greek Educational System

European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training

Wikipedia entry on IEK: Institutes of Vocational Training in Greece

Maps of World on Education in Greece

United Nations Statistics on Education in Greece

Hellenic Statistical Authority-Greece in Figures

Education at a Glance 2018: OECD Indicators - Greece

Greek Research Institutions

Greek Institutions of Higher Education

Greek Universities and Polytechnic Schools
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

National Technical University of Athens

Agricultural University of Athens

Athens University of Economics and Business

Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences

Athens School of Fine Arts

University of Piraeus

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

University of Macedonia

University of Western Macedonia

University of Patras

University of Peloponissos

University of Ioannina

Democritus University of Thrace

University of Crete

Technical University of Crete

University of the Aegean

Ionian University

University of Thessaly

Harokopio University
The American College of Greece *may serve as a side affiliation for U.S. Fulbright scholars or
students - primary host institution must be a Greek State University or Technological Educational
Institution

American College of Thessaloniki (ACT) *may serve as a side affiliation for U.S. Fulbright scholars
or students - primary host institution must be a Greek State University or Technological Educational
Institution

Hellenic Open University

International Hellenic University

University of West Attica

Technological Education Institutes

Technological Educational Institute of Western Macedonia

(Western Macedonia University of Applied Sciences)

Technological Educational Institute of Epirus

Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki

Technological Educational Institute of Central Greece

(Central Greece University of Applied Sciences)

Technological Educational Institute of Thessaly

Technological Educational Institute of the Ionian Islands

Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology

Technological Educational Institute of the Peloponnese

Technological Educational Institute of Crete

Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece

Technological Educational Institute of Central Macedonia

School of Pedagogical and Technological Education

 Requirement for Greece Universities
General requirements
First cycle studies (bachelor's)

Although Greece is not a signatory country of the Lisbon Convention, if you have
successfully completed upper secondary studies, are in possession of a valid school
leaving certificate and qualify for higher education studies in your home country, you
may also qualify for higher education studies in Greece. However, you are requested to
prove your level of knowledge of Greek and have studied another foreign language,
such as English, Spanish, French or German. In some cases, you must also satisfy
course specific requirements. For example, if you are applying for mathematical studies,
you must have studied mathematics.

Second cycle studies (master's)

If you are applying for a master's program at university in Greece, you are required to
be in possession of a relevant bachelor's or equivalent degree diploma.

Third cycle studies (PhD)

In the event you are applying for doctoral studies at university in Greece, you are
required to be in possession of a relevant diploma or master's degree program.

1. Language requirements for studies at universities in Greece

Greek
The language of instruction at higher education institutions is Greek. Therefore, you should be
ready to prove your level of command of Greek with the results you receive after taking the
exams in Greek language from any of the institutions below:

 Modern Greek Language Center of the University of Athens

 Modern Greek Language Centre of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
English
If English is not your first language and you might be taking courses in English while at
university in Greece, you are required to prove your level of command of the English language
through the results you received from your studies at upper secondary school or through the
results you received at the TOEFL or IELTS tests. The minimum accepted score for the TOEFL
test is usually 570 (paper-based) or 90 (Internet-based), and 6.5 for the IELTS test.

Minimum grade point requirement to access first cycle studies

(bachelor's) in Greece
 Admission to the majority of first cycle studies in Greece is subject to the fulfillment of a
minimum grade point requirement.
 This is the grade point you receive after passing your upper secondary school studies in
combination with the grades you receive at the university entrance examinations in
your home country.
 Therefore, always check with your Greek university about the minimum grade point you
need to obtain.

Minimum grade point requirement to access second and third cycle

studies in Greece.
In general, the minimum grade point to access second and third cycle studies is approximately
7,5 out of a maximum of 10.

Internship & placement

Work experience
The following placement options are available in Greece.

 Erasmus student placements are part of the Erasmus programme and are found through
Universities’ careers offices or international relations departments.
  Internship placements in various industries. The host organisations for student
placements may be enterprises, research centres, training centres as well as other
organisations.

 IASTE or within the framework of Marie Curie – for Master’s or PhD students working
within a specific research field

The characteristics of the individual placements are:

 The home HEI must give full recognition for the period spent abroad

 The student must be provided with a Training Agreement, endorsed by the home HEI
and the host organization ; this should explain the programme of the placement period.

The period of the placement must be mentioned on the placement contract, which must be
endorsed by the home HEI, the sending consortium (if applicable), the host organization and
the beneficiary.

Summer Placements can be found through University Career Offices. They are responsible for
promoting the Programme of Summer Placements both among employers and students. The
implementation period is June to August with a minimum and maximum duration of 4 to 10
weeks.

Student placements are an opportunity to gain first-hand work experience in a Greek

organization, during your semester program.

 http://europa.eu/youth/working/traineeships/index_he_en.html

 http://ec.europa.eu/education/erasmus/placement_en.htm

 http://www.teicrete.gr/iro/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=85&Ite
mid=1

 http://dasta.auth.gr/
Social security and European Health insurance card
Public health facilities in Greece are limited in some areas, especially on the islands and remote
areas. For this reason, public authorities are going to invest in building new medical facilities
with high tech equipment.

EU students should have the new European Health Insurance Card (EHIC), which has replaced
the E111 and covers basic medical care whilst visiting European member states. It is advisable
to take out private medical insurance to cover any unexpected healthcare needs that are not
covered by the EHIC, while you are in Greece.

Safety
Greece is a safe and friendly destination. However, it is always advisable for students studying
or working to be cautious when in crowded places, since pickpocketing and incidents of petty
theft are common. It is recommended to leave any valuables in safe custody at your hotel or
apartment.

 The European emergency telephone number is 112.

 Police number: 100

 Ambulance: 166

 The electricity voltage in the country is 220 V; 50 Hz.

Useful links:

 http://www.visitgreece.gr/

 http://wikitravel.org/en/Greece

Do I need a visa?
EU nationals do not need a visa to visit Greece, only a valid passport or identification card
(issued by the home country).
According to the Greek Immigration Law, all non-European Union students should acquire
a student visa, which is valid for 3 months. If their stay exceeds this period, they have to apply
for student residence permit.

Students who are accepted for a semester or a full degree program at a university in Greece can
apply for a visa to study.

Internship and placement salary

Student placements and internships are usually not paid, but this depends on the industry.
There are training jobs available in the hotel and restaurant industry with a relatively good
salary and conditions.

http://www.in-careers.com/internships/internships001greece.html

Internship and placement accommodation

Accommodation may be offered by some institutions but, due to the limited number of places
available in Student Hostels, it is very difficult to find a place. Rooms and apartments for rent
are available in private buildings throughout Athens and Thessaloniki, with the average cost of
renting a one-room apartment being approximately €300 per month.

Students searching for accommodation can visit numerous websites that advertise student
housing and shared accommodation. It is also a good idea to ask the University’s Erasmus office
for any information, before trying to search on your own. Also, word of mouth is sometimes the
best means of finding appropriate housing and if you know someone who lives in Greece, you
should consult this person.

Useful links

 http://erasmusu.com/en/erasmus-greece

 http://www.stayinathens.com/

 http://www.homegreekhome.com/en/
Do you want to learn more about business culture in Greece?

 Business communication

 Business etiquette

 Business meeting etiquette

 Cost of living

 Work-life-balance

 Social media guide

Reference

1. https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/greece

2. https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/greece/history

3. https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/greece/economy
4. https://www.fulbright.gr/en/study-in-greece/the-greek-educational-system

5. https://www.fulbright.gr/en/resources/study-in-greece

6. https://www.studyineurope.eu/study-in-greece/admission-requirements

7. https://businessculture.org/southern-europe/business-culture-in-greece/internship-and-
placement-in-greece/