EXPERIMENT 7

ORGANIC DERIVAT IVES OF WAT ER

Name: ____________________________________ Date: ______________

Group number: _______ Section: ___________

Table 1. Sample Description

DESCRIPTION
SAMPLE
(color, clarity, physical state)

1-butanol

2-butanol

tert-butyl alcohol

phenol

diisopropyl ether

Table 2. Solubility tests

OBSERVATION
SAMPLE
Water +/- NaOH +/- H2SO4 +/-

1-butanol

2-butanol

tert-butyl
alcohol

phenol

diisopropyl
ether

Page 1 of 5 ORGANIC DERIVATIVES OF WATER | Chem 31.1 Department. of Chemistry UP Visayas\

1. For the representative alcohols, explain the solubility behavior in water as a function of branching in
the molecule.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2. For phenol and ether, explain the solubility behavior in water as a function of the relative proportions
of hydrophilic bonds and hydrophobic bonds in the molecule.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

3. Which among the representative compounds is/are soluble in NaOH? Write the acid-base reactions
involve.

________________________________________________________________________________

Acid-base reaction

4. Enumerate the classes of organic derivatives of water that are soluble in concentrated H2SO4. What
generalization can be made for a substance to be soluble in concentrated H2SO4?

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Table 3. Potassium permanganate test

Description of reagent (hot, acidic KMnO4): ________________________________________________

SAMPLE RESULTS

Before heating After heating +/-

1-butanol

2-butanol

tert-butyl alcohol

phenol

diisopropyl ether

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Table 4. Tollen’s test

Description of reagent (ammoniacal AgNO3): ________________________________________________

SAMPLE RESULTS +/-

1-butanol

2-butanol

tert-butyl alcohol

phenol

diisopropyl ether

5. Based on the result of KMnO4 and Tollen’s test, categorize the classes of organic derivatives of
water as to:

Easily oxidizable: _________________________________________________________________

Oxidizable: _______________________________________________________________________

Resistant to oxidation: _____________________________________________________________

Table 5. Lucas test

Description of reagent (HCl-ZnCl2): ________________________________________________

SAMPLE RESULTS +/-

1-butanol

2-butanol

Tert-butanol

phenol

diisopropyl ether

Page 3 of 5 ORGANIC DERIVATIVES OF WATER | Chem 31.1 Department. of Chemistry UP Visayas\

6. Based on the result of KMnO4 and Lucas test on the representative alcohols, give a generalization
on how each class of alcohols can be differentiated:

Primary alcohol: _________________________________________________________________

Secondary alcohol: ________________________________________________________________

Tertiary alcohol: _________________________________________________________________

Table 6. Ferric chloride test

Description of reagent (FeCl3): ________________________________________________

SAMPLE RESULTS +/-

1-butanol

2-butanol

tert-butyl alcohol

phenol

diisopropyl ether

7. What class of organic compound reacts with FeCl 3 solution?

_________________________________________________________________________________

Table 7. Iodoform test

Description of reagent (I2/KI): ________________________________________________

SAMPLE RESULTS +/-

1-butanol

2-butanol

tert-butyl alcohol

Page 4 of 5 ORGANIC DERIVATIVES OF WATER | Chem 31.1 Department. of Chemistry UP Visayas\

phenol

diisopropyl ether

8. What are the structural requirements for an alcohol to react with the iodoform reagent?

_________________________________________________________________________________

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