ENGINEERING SERVICE ACADEMY (ESA)

Near DN College Main Gate, Vivek Vihar, Itanagar

FOOD: where does it come from? PART-I

*The main sources of our food are plants and animals.

*Animals which eat only plants are called HERBIVORES.

*Animals which eat only animals are called CARNIVORES.

*Animals which eat both plants and animals are called OMNIVORES.

Components of food:

*The ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body are called NUTRIENTS.

*The major nutrients are –carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins & minerals.

CARBOHYDRATES-They found in our food are in the form of STARCH & SUGAR. (A blue-black colour
indicates starch when added with iodine solution). Ex-sweet potato, potato, sugarcane, papaya, melon, maize,
rice etc.

PROTEIN-using two drops of copper sulphate and 10 drops caustic soda solution to the food- a violet colour
indicates protein in it.

FATS:

An oily patch on food indicates fats.ex-Groundnuts,nuts,til,meat,milk,cream,butter.

*Fats and carbohydrates are called energy giving food.

*Protein are needed for the growth and repair of our body.

*vitamins help us in protecting our body against diseases. Also help in keeping eyes, bones, teeth & gums
healthy.

*vitamins are of various kinds knowns as Vitamin-A, V-B, V-C, V-D, V-E and K also vitamin B- complex.

*V-A (vitamin-A)-keeps our skin and eye healthy.

*V-C (vitamin-C)-Helps body to fight against many diseases.

*V-D (vitamin-D) -Hepls our body to use calcium for bones and teeth.

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*Beside nutrients: our body needs dietary fibres also called ROUGHAGE and water.

-Whole grains & pulses, potatoes, fresh fruits and vegetables are the main source of roughage.

-Roughage helps our body get rid of undigested food.

*Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.

*vitamin-c gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking.

*Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.

#Some diseases/disorders caused by deficiency of vitamins and minerals: -

Vitamins & Minerals Deficiency Symptoms

diseases/disorders
Vitamin A Loss of vision Poor vision, Loss of vision in darkness
(night), sometimes complete loss of vision.
Vitamin B1 Beriberi Weak muscles & very little energy to work.

Vitamin C Scurvy Bleeding gums, wounds, take longer time to

heal.
Vitamin D Rickets Bones become soft and bent.

Calcium Bone &Tooth decay Weak bones, tooth decay.

Iodine Goiter Glands in the neck appear swollen, mental

disability in children.
Iron Anemia Weakness.

Contact us: 8787601636, 9774111438 & 9612675770