Prepared by:

John Arnel Estallo

Emilyn Espalmado
Jerson Luz
Ronald Padua
Trucks
 a hauling units that provide relatively low hauling cost
because of
their high travel speeds.

It can be operated over any haul road for which the
surface is sufficiently firm and smooth , and on which the
grades are not excessively steep.

But some units are designated as a off-highway trucks

because their size and weight are greater than the
permitted on public highways
Truck Tractor unit towing a low profile trailer hauling
Trucks can be classified by many factors:
1. Method of dumping the load (rear dump, bottom-dump, or side
dump)

2. Type of frame (rigid-frame or articulated)

3. Size and type of engine (gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, butane or

propane)

4. Configuration of power (direct drive or diesel electric)

Trucks can be classified by many factors:

Wheels and Axles (numbers and arrangement)

Class of material hauled (earth, rock, coal, or ore)

Capacity ( Gravimetric(tons) or volumetric( cubic yards)

Types of Trucks
RIGID-FRAME REAR DUMP TRUCK
This trucks are suitable for use in hauling many types of
material.

The shape of the body, such as the extent of sharp angles and
corners and the contour of the rear, through which the
materials must flow during dumping, will affect the ease of
difficulty of loading and dumping and the bodies of the
trucks that will be used to haul wet clay and similar materials
should be free of sharp angles and corners.
ARTICULATED REAR- DUMP TRUCK
Bottom-dumps trucks are used when:

 The material to be hauled is free-flowing

 There are unrestricted loading and dump sites

TRACTORS WITH BOTTOM-DUMP TRAILERS
 Tractors towing bottom-dump trailers are economic haulers when the
material to be moved is free flowing, such as sand, gravel, asphalts and
reasonably dry earth.

 The use of bottom-dump trailers will reduce the time required to unload
the material and can provide a more uniform placement over a longer
distance.

 Tractor-towed bottom-dump trailers are economical hauling units on

projects where large quantities of materials are to be transported and
haul roads can be kept in reasonable condition.
 Bottom-dump trailer can have a single axle, tandem axles or even triaxles.

 Hydraulic excavator, loaders, draglines or belt loader can be used to load

these units.
Articulated Trucks
HAULING EQUIPMENT
These are specialized trucks for hauling a fleet of equipment from one
point to another.
• General construction
• Military
• Services
TIRES

• Tires are about 35% of a truck’s operating cost.

Overload a truck and you abuse the tires.
CAPACITY OF DUMP TRUCKS

There are three methods of expressing the capacities of trucks

and wagons:

1. By the load which it will carry, expressed gravimetrically in tons

2. By its struck volume (cu yd).
3. By its heaped volume (cu yd).
CAPACITY OF DUMP TRUCKS

• The struck capacity of a truck is the volume of material which it will

haul when it is filled level to the top of the sides of the body.

• The heaped capacity is the volume of material, which it will haul

when the load is heaped above the sides.
 CAPACITY OF DUMP TRUCKS

• The heaped capacity will vary with the height and angle at which
the material may extend above the sides.

• Wet earth or sandy clay may be hauled with a slope of about

1:1
• Dry sand or gravel may not permit a slope greater than about
3:1.
PERFORMANCE CAPABILITIES OF TRUCKS

• The number of trips per hour will depend on the weight of the
vehicle, the horsepower of the engine, the haul distance, and the
condition of the haul road.
BALANCING THE CAPACITIES OF HAULING
UNIT WITH EXCAVATOR SIZE
• When loading with hoes, shovels, draglines, or belt loaders, it is
desirable to use haul units whose capacities balance the output of
the excavator.

• Factors which will affect the production rate and the cost of
handling earth:
1. Advantages of using small trucks compared with large trucks.
2. Disadvantages of using small trucks compared with large trucks
3. Advantages of using large trucks compared with small trucks
4. Disadvantages of using large trucks compared with small trucks