AFRC

(r) Angle (degrees) of internal friction of the core material for failure of a
specific grid element flow direction. Set AFRC = 0.0 for no core.
---
AFRS
(r) Angle (degrees) of internal friction of the shell material for failure of a
specific grid element flow direction.
---
BRBOTTOMEL
(r) Initial upstream pipe bottom elevation (ft or m). See Comment 5.
---
BRBOTWIDMAX
(r) Maximum allowable breach bottom width (ft or m) as constrained by the valley
cross section. Set BRBOTWIDWAX = 0.0 if the levee is continuous through adjoining
grid elements (default = grid element octagon side).
---
BRATIO
(r) Ratio of the initial breach width to flow depth. Typical range: 1. < BR < 5.
See Comments 2 and 3.
---
BREACHTIME
(r) The duration (hours) that the levee erosion will initiate after the water
surface exceeds the specified pipe elevation BRBOTTOMEL. Set BREACHTIME = 0 if the
level erosion begins immediately when pipe elevation is exceeded.
---
BRTOPWIDMAX
(r) Maximum allowable breach top width (ft or m) as constrained by the valley cross
section. Set BRTOPWIDMAX = 0.0 if the levee is continuous through adjoining grid
elements (default = grid element octagon side).
---
COHC
(r) Cohesive strength (lb/ft2 or N/m2) of the levee or dam core material. If there
is no core, COHC = 0.
---
COHS
(r) Cohesive strength (lb/ft2 or N/m2) of the levee or dam shell material. If
there is no core, COHS = 0.
---
CNC
(r) Manning�s n-value of the levee or dam core material. Set CNC = 0.0 for no core
material. CNC range: 0.020 to 0.250. See Comment 4.
---
CNS
(r) Levee or dam shell material Manning�s n-value. CNS range: 0.020-0.250
---
CRESTWIDTH
(r) Crest width of the levee or dam (ft or m). The crest width can be zero.
---
CRESTLENGTH
(r) Length of the crest of the levee or dam (ft or m). If CRESTLENGTH = 0., the
crest length will default to the grid element octagon side. If crest length is
greater than the grid element octagon side, it will be reset to the octagon side
length.
---
D50C
(r) Mean sediment size (D50 in mm) of the levee or dam core material.
---
D50S
(r) Mean sediment size (D50 in mm) of the levee or dam shell material.
---
D50DF
(r) Mean sediment size (D50 in mm) of the top one foot (0.3 m) of the downstream
face (riprap material). If D50DF = 0.0, then D50DF = D50S.
---
FRAGCHAR
(c) Fragility curve ID. A letter and a number. For example: S1 is fragility curve 1
for the Sacramento River. See comments 7 and 8.
---
GAFRC
(r) Global angle (degrees) of internal friction of the core material for the entire
levee or dam. Set AFRC = 0.0 for no core.
---
GAFRS
(r) Global angle (degrees) of internal friction of the shell material for the
entire levee or dam.
---
GBRBOTTOMEL
(r) Initial global breach or pipe bottom elevation (ft or m) for an unspecified
failure location. If the model will locate the failure locations instead of user
specified failure location, then set GBRBOTTOMEL = distance below the dam or levee
crest elevation (ft or m). In general, GBRBOTTOMEL be less than 10 ft (3 m). See
Comment 1.
---
GBRBOTWIDMAX
(r) Maximum allowable global breach bottom width (ft or m) as constrained by the
valley cross section for an unspecified failure location. Set BRBOTWIDWAX = 0.0 if
the levee is continuous through adjoining grid elements (default = grid element
octagon side).
---
GBRATIO
(r) Global ratio of the initial breach width to flow depth for an unspecified
failure location. Typical range: 1. < BR < 5.
---
GBREACHTIME
(r) Duration (hours) that the global levee erosion will initiate after the water
surface exceeds the specified pipe elevation BRBOTTOMEL. Set BREACHTIME = 0 if the
level erosion begins immediately when pipe elevation is exceeded.
---
GBRTOPWIDMAX
(r) Maximum allowable global breach top width (ft or m) as constrained by the
valley cross section for an unspecified failure location. Set BRTOPWIDMAX = 0.0 if
the levee is continuous through adjoining grid elements (default = grid element
octagon side).
---
GCOHC
(r) Global cohesive strength (lb/ft2 or N/m2) of the levee or dam core material for
an unspecified failure location. If there is no core, GCOHC = 0.
---
GCOHS
(r) Global cohesive strength (lb/ft2 or N/m2) of the levee or dam shell material
for an unspecified failure location. If there is no core, GCOHS = 0.
---
GCNC
(r) Global Manning�s n-value of the levee or dam core material for an unspecified
failure location. If GCNC = 0.0, Manning�s n-value for the core material will
computed from Strickler�s equation. If GCNC > 1., the n-value will be computed
from a Moody diagram (Darcy f vs. D50). Set GCNC = 0.0 for no core material.
---
GCNS
(r) Global Manning�s n-value of the levee or dam shell material for an unspecified
failure location. If GCNS = 0., Manning�s n-value for the shell material will
computed from Strickler�s equation. If GCNS > 1., the n-value will be computed
from a Moody diagram (Darcy f vs. D50).
---
GCRESTWIDTH
(r) Global crest width of the levee or dam (ft or m) for an unspecified failure
location. The crest width can be zero.
---
GCRESTLENGTH
(r) Global crest length of the levee or dam (ft or m) for an unspecified failure
location. If GCRESTLENGTH = 0.0, the crest length will default to the grid element
octagon side. If crest length is greater than the grid element octagon side, it
will be reset to the octagon side length.
---
GD50C
(r) Mean sediment size (D50 in mm) of the levee or dam core material.
---
GD50S
(r) Mean sediment size (D50 in mm) of the levee or dam shell material.
---
GD50DF
(r) Mean sediment size (D50 in mm) of the top one foot (0.3 m) of the downstream
face (riprap material). If GD50DF = 0.0, then GD50DF = GD50S.
---
GGRASSCOND
(r) Global condition of the grass on the downstream face of the levee or dam for an
unspecified failure location. Range: 0.0 for a poor stand or no grass; 1.0 for a
good stand of grass.
---
GGRASSLENGTH
(r) Global average length of grass (inches or mm) on downstream face for an
unspecified failure location. Set GGRASSLENGTH = 0.0 for no grass on downstream
face.
---
GGRASSVMAXP
(r) Global maximum permissible velocity (fps or mps) for a grass-lined downstream
face before the grass is eroded for an unspecified failure location. Range: 3 to
6 fps (1 to 2 mps). If no grass, set GGRASSVMAXP = 0.0.
---
GPORC
(r) Global porosity of the levee or dam core material for an unspecified failure
location. Typical range: 0.35 to 0.45. Set GPORC = 0.0 for no core material.
---
GPORS
(r) Global porosity of the levee or dam shell material for an unspecified failure
location. Typical range: 0.35 to 0.45.
---
GRASSCOND
(r) Condition of the grass on the downstream face of the levee or dam for a
prescribed failure location. Range: 0.0 for a poor stand or no grass; 1.0 for a
good stand of grass.
---
GRASSLENGTH
(r) Average length of grass (inches or mm) on downstream face for a prescribed
failure location. Set GRASSLENGTH = 0.0 for no grass on downstream face.
---
GRASSVMAXP
(r) Maximum permissible velocity (fps or mps) for a grass-lined downstream face
before the grass is eroded for a prescribed failure location. Range: 3 to 6 fps (1
to 2 mps). If no grass, set GRASSVMAXP = 0.0.
---
GSEDCONMAX
(r) Global maximum sediment concentration by volume in the breach discharge for an
unspecified failure location. Typical range = 0.2 to 0.55. If GSEDCONMAX = 0.0, a
default value of 0.5 is used.
---
GUNFCC
(r) Global sediment gradient, ratio of D90 to D30 of the levee or dam core material
for an unspecified failure location. If there is no core material, set GUNFCC =
0.0. If the there is core material and GUNFCC = 0.0, it is reset to 10.0.
---
GUNFCDF
(r) Global sediment gradient, ratio of D90 to D30 of the downstream face upper one
foot of material (riprap) for an unspecified failure location. If GUNFCDF = 0.0.:
GUNDFCDF = GUNFCS when GD50DF = 0.0; and GUNDFCDF = 3.0 when GD50DF > 0.0.
---
GUNFCS
(r) Global sediment gradient, ratio of D90 to D30 of the levee or dam shell
material for an unspecified failure location. If GUNFCS = 0.0., the default value
is 10.0.
---
GUWC
(r) Global unit weight (lb/ft3 or N/m3) of the levee or dam core material for an
unspecified failure location. Set GUWC = 0.0 if there no core.
---
GUWS
(r) Global unit weight (lb/ft3 or N/m3) of the levee or dam shell material for an
unspecified failure location.
---
GWEIRCOEF
(r) Global weir coefficient for piping or breach channel weir for an unspecified
failure location. Typical range: 2.85 - 3.05.
---
GZC
(r) Global average slope of the upstream and downstream face of the levee or dam
core material for an unspecified failure location. GZC is expressed as a ratio of
the GZC (horizontal:1 (vertical). For example: GZC = 2.0 represents 2.0
horizontal to 1.0 vertical. If there is no core set GZC = 0.0
---
GZD
(r) Global slope of the downstream face of the levee or dam for an unspecified
failure location. GZD is expressed as a ratio of the GZD (horizontal:1 (vertical).
For example: GZD = 2.0 represents 2.0 horizontal to 1.0 vertical.
---
GZU
(r) Global slope of the upstream face of the levee or dam for an unspecified
failure location. GZU is expressed as a ratio of the GZU (horizontal:1 (vertical).
For example: GZU = 2.0 represents 2.0 horizontal to 1.0 vertical.
---
IBR
Character line identifier, where �G� = global data, �B� = grid element and
direction data; and �D� = individual prescribed grid element breach data.
---
IBREACHDIR
(i) Direction of the specified breach failure in a given grid element. The
possible flow directions are:
1 = north 5 = northeast
2 = east 6 = southeast
3 = south 7 = southwest
4 = west 8 = northwest
---
IBREACHGRID
(i) Grid element of the specified breach failure location.
---
PORC
(r) Porosity of the levee or dam core material for a prescribed grid element
failure location. Typical range: 0.35 to 0.45. Set GPORC = 0.0 for no core
material.
---
PORS
(r) Porosity of the levee or dam shell material for an prescribed grid element
failure location. Typical range: 0.35 to 0.45.
---
PRFAIL
(r) Point of failure on the levee as defined by the distance or height below the
levee crest (likely failure point according to the Corps of Engineers definition).
Assigned with a corresponding fragility curve failure probability PRFAIL.
---
PRDEPTH
(r) Levee fragility curve point of failure probability. Range: 0.0 to 1.0 where 80%
indicates a higher probability of levee failure corresponding to a higher elevation
on the levee (see the levee fragility curve discussion in the FLO-2D User�s
manual). A low value of 10% would indicate a weak levee corresponding to a levee
piping failure initial when the water surface elevation is close to the toe of the
levee.
---
SEDCONMAX
(r) Maximum sediment concentration by volume in the breach discharge for a
prescribed grid element failure location. Typical range = 0.2 to 0.55. If
SEDCONMAX = 0.0, a default value of 0.5 is used.
---
UNFCC
(r) Sediment gradient, ratio of D90 to D30 of the levee or dam core material for a
prescribed grid element failure location. If there is no core material, set UNFCC
= 0.0. If the there is core material and UNFCC = 0.0, it is reset to 10.0.
---
UNFCDF
(r) Sediment gradient, ratio of D90 to D30 of the downstream face upper one foot of
material (riprap) for a prescribed grid element failure location. If UNFCDF =
0.0.: UNDFCDF = UNFCS when D50DF = 0.0; and UNDFCDF = 3.0 when D50DF > 0.0.
---
UNFCS
(r) Sediment gradient, ratio of D90 to D30 of the levee or dam shell material for a
prescribed grid element failure location. If UNFCS = 0.0., the default value is
10.0.
---
UWC
(r) Unit weight (lb/ft3 or N/m3) of the levee or dam core material for a prescribed
grid element failure location. Set UWC = 0.0 if there no core.
---
UWS
(r) Unit weight (lb/ft3 or N/m3) of the levee or dam shell material for a
prescribed grid element failure location.
---
WEIRCOEF
(r) Weir coefficient for piping or breach channel weir for a prescribed grid
element failure location. Typical range: 2.85 - 3.05. See Comment 6.
---
ZC
(r) Average slope of the upstream and downstream face of the levee or dam core
material for a prescribed failure location. ZC is expressed as a ratio of the ZC
(horizontal:1 (vertical). For example: ZC = 2.0 represents 2.0 horizontal to 1.0
vertical. If there is no core set ZC = 0.
---
ZD
(r) Slope of the downstream face of the levee or dam for a prescribed grid element
failure location. ZD is expressed as a ratio of the ZD (horizontal:1 (vertical).
For example: ZD = 2.0 represents 2.0 horizontal to 1.0 vertical.
---
ZU
(r) Slope of the upstream face of the levee or dam for a prescribed grid element
failure location. ZU is expressed as a ratio of the ZU (horizontal:1 (vertical).
For example: ZU = 2.0 represents 2.0 horizontal to 1.0 vertical.
***
1. You have the choice of identifying a breach location or letting the model
determine the breach location by water surface elevation. If you assign the breach
location it is necessary to provide all the lines of data in the BREACHDATA.DAT
file. If you allow the model to locate all the potential breach locations by the
water surface elevation, then it is only necessary assign the global parameters in
lines 1-4. In addition, set GBRBOTTOMEL = vertical distance (ft or m) below the
levee or dam crest elevation. If the water surface elevation exceeds the elevation
of the crest - GBRBOTTOMEL, then a levee piping failure will be initiated. You can
prescribe one or more breach locations and permit the model to determine any other
potential breach locations by setting GBBOTTOMEL to value less than about 10 ft (3
m) below the crest elevation.

2. Initial breach width to depth ratio (BRATIO) - if the assigned breach width to
depth ration is 0., then BRATIO = 2.

3. The initial piping width is assumed to be 0.5 ft (0.15 m).

4. The minimum and maximum Manning�s n-value permitted for the breach flow
resistance are 0.02 and 0.25, respectively.

5. The downstream pipe outlet at the toe of the dam or levee is the grid element
floodplain elevation plus 1 ft (0.3 m).

6. Breach discharge is computed if the upstream water surface elevation exceeds the
upstream breach pipe or channel bottom elevation plus the tolerance value (TOL ~
0.1 ft or 0.3 m)

7. The levee fragility curve ID is only one letter (e.g. C) and a number (e.g.
3)and the data line begins with ID character �F�.

8. The application of the levee fragility curves is optional. The selection of the
levee fragility curve for levee failure simulation is entered in the LEVEE.DAT
file.