This Excel spreadsheet presents the simulation of the UR T60/T35 transformer biased differential protection, and is built to provide

customers,
with a tool for excersizing different transformer setups, and test scenarios. The simulation can be used to verify the biased differential settings, the differentia
and restraint metering on the relay, and the correct operation of the element, under test conditions.

Some rules to follow, when working with the simulation program:

1) Enter "0" angle for Winding 1, and enter the angles of the other transformer windings With Respect To (WRT) Winding 1 in negative degrees. See the exa
2) Enter the settings of the Differential/Restraint characteristic without exceeding the ranges set on the relay.
3) Enter all settings and test currents only into the allocated cells! The magnitudes and angles of the test currents should be entered on the spreadsheet as
For example, if we have a 100MVA transformer, 230kV/69kV Y/D30 degrees, with CT(w1) 500:5, and CT(w2) 1000:5, and we want to
simulate balanced conditions(differential current = 0), the entered transformer setup, and the test currents for Winding 1 and Winding 2 will look as per the

Note the angles of the entered test currents for Winding 2 are shifted by 180 degrees. This shift com
inversed polarity connections of the winding CTs connected to the relay terminals. From the example,

phA(W2) = -30 -180 = -210 degrees, phB(W2) = - 150-180 = -330, and for ph C(W2) = - 270-180
o provide customers,
d differential settings, the differential

1 in negative degrees. See the example below.

be entered on the spreadsheet as applied on relay terminals.

and we want to
1 and Winding 2 will look as per the picture below:

ed by 180 degrees. This shift comes from the

relay terminals. From the example, the angles of W2 phases will be:

30, and for ph C(W2) = - 270-180 = -90 degrees

 TRANSFORMER SETTINGS AND CTs
Nomber of Windings: 6 DIFF / RSTR CHARACTERISTIC
W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 DIFFERENTIAL- RESTRAINT GRAPH
Rated(MVA) 500 200 150 50 50 50 Diff. min. PKP 0.25 Slope1 30.0
Nom. (kV) 230 69 13.8 13.8 4.16 4.16 Kneepoint 1 2.00
Connection WYE WYE DELTA DELTA DELTA DELTA Kneepoint 2 4.00 Slope2 95.0
Grounding YES YES NO NO NO NO
Angle WRT 0 0 -30 -30 -330 -330 Pre-calculated graph points >>Pre-calculated ratio of the point from the
CT primary 1500 2000 7000 2500 10000 7000 Id/Ir, (%) Ph A Ph B Ph C characteristic, corresponding to the same
CT sec. tap 5 5 5 5 5 5 95.0 95.0 95.0 restraint as per the actual Id/Ir ratio. The trip
Inom. Prim. 1255.1 1673.5 6275.5 2091.8 6939.3 6939.3 occurs, when the actual Id/Ir ratio,(%) is bigger
Inom.Sec. 4.184 4.184 4.483 4.184 3.470 4.957 than the pre-calculated Id/Ir ratio, (%)
Rotations ABC Select Magnitude Ref. Winding: auto ACTUAL VALUES
TEST CURRENTS I diff, pu
Magnitude Ref. Winding #: 6
Operating Characteristic
IA IB IC 12
W1 11 DIFFERENTIAL CURRENTS
Magnitude 4.18 4.18 4.18 Iad Ibd Icd
10
Angle 0.0 -120.0 -240.0 Magnitude 0.00 0.00 0.00
9
W2 Angle -210.0 -330.0 -90.0
Magnitude 4.18 4.18 4.18 8

Angle -180.0 -300.0 -60.0 7 RESTRAINT CURRENTS

W3 6 Iar Ibr Icr
Magnitude 4.48 4.48 4.48 Magnitude 9.91 9.91 9.91
5
Angle -210.0 -330.0 -90.0
4
W4 Actual Differential/Restraint Ratio
Magnitude 4.18 4.18 4.18 3 Actual ph A % ph B % ph C %
Angle -210.0 -330.0 -90.0 2 Id/Ir ratio 0.0 0.0 0.0
W5 1
Magnitude 3.47 3.47 3.47 0 DIFF. OPERATION
Angle -150.0 -270.0 -30.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 NO TRIP
Slope characteristics Iad Ibd Icd I restr, pu
W6 Ia Ib Ic
Magnitude 4.96 4.96 4.96 No Trip No Trip No Trip
Angle -150.0 -270.0 -30.0

magn. Ref. Winding 0

WYE NO ABC 1 auto
DELTA YES ACB 2 1
ZIG-ZAG 3 2
4 3
5 4
6 5
6