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THERMODYNAMICS and HEAT TRANSFER

Laboratory Exercise 3
1) The pressure gage on a 2.5 m3 oxygen tank reads 500 kPa. Determine the
amount of oxygen in the tank if the temperature is 28°C and the atmospheric
pressure is 97 kPa.
Given:
𝑉 = 2.5 𝑚3

𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 500 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 97 𝑘𝑃𝑎

T = 28°C + 273
= 301 𝐾

R = 0.2598 kJ / kg.K

𝑃𝑣 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇
𝑃𝑣
m=𝑅𝑇

𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑔𝑒 + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚

= 500 𝑘𝑃𝑎 + 97 𝑘𝑃𝑎


= 597 𝑘𝑃𝑎
(597 𝑘𝑃𝑎 )+( 2.5 𝑚3 )
m= 𝑘𝐽
(0.2598 )(301 𝐾)
𝑘𝑔.𝐾

= 19.09 𝑘𝑔
2) A 400-L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25°C. Determine the reading on the
pressure gage if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.

Given:
𝑚 = 5 𝑘𝑔

𝑣 = 400 𝐿 = 0.4 𝑚3

𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 97 kPa

𝑇 = 25°C + 273
= 298 K

R = 0.287 kPa.𝑚3 / kg.K

𝑃𝑣 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇
𝑚𝑅𝑇
P= 𝑣

𝑘𝑃𝑎.𝑚3
(5 𝑘𝑔)( 0.287 )(298 𝐾)
𝑘𝑔.𝐾
P= (0.4 𝑚3 )

= 1069.075 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑔𝑒=𝑃− 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚

𝑃 = 1069.076 𝑘𝑃𝑎 − 97 𝑘𝑃𝑎

= 972.075 𝑘𝑃𝑎

3) A 1- m3 tank containing air at 25°C and 500 kPa is connected through a valve to
another tank containing 5 kg of air at 35°C and 200 kPa. Now the valve is
opened, and the entire system is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium with the
surroundings, which are at 20°C. Determine the volume of the second tank and
the final equilibrium pressure of air.
Given:
𝑉𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 1 = 1 𝑚3

𝑃𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 1 = 500 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑇𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 1 = 25°C + 273


= 298 K

𝑚𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2 = 5 𝑘𝑔

𝑃𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2 = 200 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑇𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2 = 35°C + 273


= 308 𝐾

𝑇𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 20°C + 273


= 239 𝐾
𝑃𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 1 𝑣𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 1
𝑚𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2 = 𝑅𝑇𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 1

(500 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(1 𝑚3 )
𝑚= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287 )(298 𝐾)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 .𝐾

= 5.85 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2 𝑅𝑇𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2
𝑉𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2 = 𝑃𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2

𝑘𝐽
(5 𝑘𝑔)(0.278 )(308 𝐾)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐾
𝑉= (200 𝑘𝑃𝑎)

= 2.21 𝑚3

𝑉𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 1 𝑚3 +2.21 𝑚3
3
= 3.21 𝑚

𝑚𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 5 𝑘𝑔+5.85 𝑘𝑔
= 10.85 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑇𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠
𝑃𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = 𝑉𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙

𝑘𝐽
(10.85 𝑘𝑔)(0.287 )(293 𝐾)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐾
= (3.21𝑚3 )
= 284.23 𝑘𝑃𝑎

4) The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in the
tire. When the air temperature is 25°C, the pressure gage reads 210 kPa. If the
volume of the tire is 0.025𝑚3 , determine the pressure rise in the tire when the air
temperature in the tire rises to 50°C. Also, determine the amount of air that must
be bled off to restore pressure to its original value at this temperature. Assume
the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa.

Given:
𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 210 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 100 𝑘𝑃𝑎


𝑘𝐽
𝑅 = 0.287 𝑘𝑔.𝐾

𝑇1 = 25°C + 273
= 298 𝐾

𝑇2 = 50°C + 273
= 323 𝐾

𝑣 = 0.025 𝑚3

𝑃1 = 𝑃𝑔𝑎𝑔𝑒 + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚
= 210 𝑘𝑃𝑎 + 100 𝑘𝑃𝑎
= 310 𝑘𝑃𝑎
𝑃1 𝑣
𝑚1 = 𝑅𝑇1
(310 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(0.025 𝑚3 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287 )(298 𝐾)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 .𝐾

= 0.09062 𝑘𝑔
𝑚1 𝑅𝑇 2
𝑃2 = 𝑣

𝑘𝐽
(0.09062 𝑘𝑔)(0.278 )(323 𝐾)
𝑘𝑔.𝐾
= (0.025 𝑚3 )

𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒=336.02 𝑘𝑃𝑎−310 𝑘𝑃𝑎


= 26.02 𝑘𝑃𝑎
𝑃1 𝑣
𝑚2 = 𝑅𝑇2

(310 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(0.025 𝑚3 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287 )(323 𝐾)
𝑘𝑔 .𝐾

= 0.08360

𝑚𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = 0.09062 𝑘𝑔 − 0.08360 𝑘𝑔


= 0.00702 𝑘𝑔

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