2.

20 The normalized radiation intensity of an antenna is approximated by

U = sin�

where 0 ≤ � ≤ �, and 0 ≤ � ≤ 2�. Determine the directivity using the

(a) exact formula

U=sinθ

2π π
Prad=∫ ∫ u .sin θ dθd ∅
0 0

2π π
Prad=∫ ∫ sin2 dθd ∅=π 2
0 0

4 πUmax 4 π 4
Do= = 2 = =1,2732
Prad π π

(b) formulas of (2-33a) by McDonald and (2-33b) by Pozar

( 120 )−0.0027
120
¿
¿
¿2
101
Do= ¿ ¿

Donde HPBW=120

Do=−172.24+191 0.818+
√ 1
120
=1.2245

(c) computer program Directivity of this chapter.