INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction
Manufacturing is concerned with the duties of the finical manager in the
business firm. Financial managers actively manage the financial affairs of any type
of business, namely financial and non-financial, private and public, large and small,
profit seeking and non-profit. They perform such varied task, as budgeting, financial
forecasting, cash management, credit administration, investment analysis, funds
management and inventory management.
A term inventory refers to the stock file of the products a firm is offering for
sale and the components that make up the product. In other words, inventory is
composed of assets that will be showed in future in the normal course of the
business operations. The assets which firms store as inventory in anticipation of
need are:
 Raw materials
 Work in process (Semi Finished goods)
 Finished goods
The raw material inventory contains item that are purchased by the firm from
other and are converted into finished goods through the manufacturing (production)
process. They are an important input of the final product. The working process
inventory consists of items currently being used in the production process.
They are normally semi-finished goods that are at various stages of
production in a multi stage production process. A finished goods represented final or
completed products which are available for sale .The inventory of such goods
consists of items that have been produced but are yet be sold.
Inventory, as a current asset, differs from other current assets because only
financial managers are not involved. Rather all the functional areas, finance,
marketing, production, and purchasing are involved. The views concerning the
appropriate level of inventory would differ among the different functional areas.
The job of the financial manager is to reconcile the conflicting view points of
the various functional areas regarding the maximizing the owners wealth. Thus,
inventory management, like the management of other current assets, should be
related to the overall objective of the firm. It is in this context that the present
chapter is devoted to the main elements of inventory management from the view
point of financial management.
The objective of inventory management is explained in some detail sections.
Section two is concerned with inventory management techniques. Attention is given
here to basic concepts relevant to the management and control of inventory.

The aspects covered are:

 Determination of the type of control required.
 The basic economic order quantity
 The reorder point, and
 Safety stocks.

As a matter of fact, the inventory management techniques are a part of

production management. But a familiarity with them is of great help to the financial
managers in planning and budgeting inventory.

1.1.1 INDUSTRY PROFILE

Industrial Karamski Stanting and molding Equipment:

Wings Fabrication offers Design Engineering, Fabrication, Installation, and

Start-up for custom rotary process equipment to meet the specific requirements of
your unique processing application. This includes dryers, coolers, kilns, calciners,
dehydrators, granulators, slakers, and crystallizers in Carbon, Stainless, to Exotic
Alloys.

Our strength is in the design and fabrication of specification-intensive custom

process equipment. Our Rotary Process Equipment capabilities have been expanded
to include the McDermott Brothers line of products and Stearns Roger processing
equipment.

McDermott Brothers

Wings Fabrication purchased McDermott Brothers in the fall of 2016 and is

now supporting an expanded line of Kilns, Dryers, and Coolers as well as the
McDermott Brothers line of Dampers.
Stearns Roger

As part of our Rotary Equipment capabilities, Wings Fab offers expertise in

Stearns Roger designed processing equipment. This includes new custom equipment
for existing Stearns Roger systems as well as modifications, upgrades, and
replacement parts. From Design Engineering to Fabrication, Wings Fab is quickly
becoming the preferred source for supporting Stearns Roger process equipment.

Custom Metal Fabrication

Custom fabrication is the hallmark of Wings Fabrication’s growth and

success. Our versatility, quality manufacturing, and customer focus is why our
customers come back to us project after project. From concept to finished product,
our expertise in design engineering, machining, fabrication, and assembly will
ensure your project requirements are met on time and on budget.

Wings Fabrication has been successful in attracting and retaining the highest
skilled welders in our region. Our welding program is administered in accordance
with Section 1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. All welding is
performed by certified welders using GMAW, FCAW, GTAW and SAW welding
processes which have been developed by our on-staff weld engineers. The most
common materials joined are carbon steels, stainless steels, nickel alloys and
aluminum; however, Wings Fabrication has the experience to work with many
specialty alloys as well. In addition, our team is well versed in many industry
recognized codes such as ASME Section II, Division 1 for pressure vessels, ASME
B31 series for piping, AWS D1 series for structural weldments and API codes for
tanks. Weld inspection is performed by multiple on-staff AWS certified welding
inspectors (CWI).

Design & Engineering

Designing for manufacturability is fundamental to wings Fabrication. As a

result you will save time and money when entrusting us with your project. Our
skilled design team has helped our customers to design, or redesign their products
for ease of manufacturing, increased value and shorter manufacturing times. Our
design service is available for projects from simple process parts to complex
equipment and turnkey systems.

Wings Fabrication is well-known, and sought after, for our ability to reduce
cost by optimizing designs for manufacturability. In addition, we utilize 3D design
software to model and produce manufacturing drawings to insure accurate and
complete designs. The 3D design tool allows for most if not all manufacturing
issues to be discovered and solved at the design stage versus during manufacturing
when costs and schedule are impacted the most.

Industrial Pipe Fabrication:

Our pipe fabrication shop is one of the fastest growing areas of our business.
We specialize in B31 series piping fabricated from carbon, stainless and exotic
alloys as standalone pipe spools or in modules and skids. From our expertise in
spool and joint configurations to our understanding of optimal fabrication
sequencing, Wings Fab can provide cost effective design and fabrication solutions
for you pipe requirements.

Wings Fabrication has a staff of seasoned examiners and test technicians

qualified to perform your most stringent testing requirements. We have a well-
equipped testing area for performing hydrostatic and pneumatic testing of all sizes
of piping. This includes on-staff examiners certified to ASNT (SNT-TC-1A) for
performing in-house liquid penetrant (PT), magnetic particle (MT) and ultrasonic
(UT) examinations.

MISSION:

 To achieve global standards in excellence in manufacturing and trading in

various ranges of products and appearance and domestic and international
markets, caring for customer satisfaction.

 Create infrastructure with a skilled human resource and modern

technological base for development of business.

 To register growth step by step and develop strategies to face new challenges
in a liberalized market economy and globalization.

 To generate adequate return on investment to meet the interest of

 shareholders and investors by achieving high standards of productivity and
quality.

 To enrich and enhance employees growth and contribution by fostering

groups corporate culture, values and ethos.

OPPORTUNITIES:

 Market value added products through innovation and development.

 Good growth prospects for galvanized towers for power transmission and
telecom.

 A strong growth in infrastructure industry.

 Growth in housing sector expected to continue.

 Increased export demand for galvanized products and reduction of tariff

barriers.

Material

 Aluminum

 Stainless steel

 Copper

 Brass

 Aluminum Honeycomb Panels

 Sandwich Panels

 Hot roll and cold roll tubing

 Flat bar

 Angle iron

 Titanium

1.1.2 COMPANY PROFILE

With a humble start as a Small Scale Industry, Karamski Stanting and

molding grew to become 'Karamski Stanting and molding Metals & Tubes Ltd.',
duly incorporated into a public limited company and registered in September 1993.
Since inception Karamski Stanting and molding 's motto has been delivering the
quality products to customers' delight and not just manufacturing products.

Over the span of nearly 3 decades, Karamski Stanting and molding has
grown to become a multi-location, multi-product Company providing critical tubing
and piping solutions to diverse range of industries & niche markets in core sectors
v.i.z. Chemical, Petro-chemical, Refinery, Fertilizer, Thermal Power, Nuclear
Power, Oil & Gas, Water Distribution, Sugar, Food & Dairy, Paper, Pharmaceutical,
Automobile, Aeronautics & Space…… Karamski Stanting and molding has an
impressive clientele comprising major public, private and joint sector Companies in
the country who are leaders in their respective segments.

 Stainless Steel Seamless & Welded Tubes and Pipes and Large Diameter
Electric Fusion Welded (EFW) Stainless Steel Pipes and

 High Frequency Welded [HFW] and Submerged Arc Welded [SAW] Carbon
Steel Pipes.

At Karamski Stanting and molding , tubes and pipes are supplied in accordance
with appropriate International Standards as well as Customer Specifications in a
large variety of steel grades and dimensions. Client specific requirements on
execution, tolerances, lengths, and mechanical and corrosion properties are offered
on request. Karamski Stanting and molding ensures high degree of flexibility in
production and planning, making possible economical manufacture, especially of
small and medium sized production lots. In this manner, our Customers enjoy
appreciable economic advantages at an uncompromised level of quality. The
company's unflinching commitment to quality and Customer delight has ensured
client loyalty.

Karamski Stanting and molding 's manufacturing facilities, located at Bell

thiruvalam road walaja, employ state-of-the-art manufacturing & inspection/testing
technologies to produce a wide range of Stainless Steel Welded & Seamless Tubes,
Stainless Steel Welded Pipes and Carbon Steel Welded Pipes.
 Karamski Stanting and molding has deployed proven and well accepted
technologies and is continuously upgrading and modifying the production and
testing facilities so as to keep pace with innovations / improvements in the field.
Karamski Stanting and molding draws its strength from technical excellence and
highly trained, motivated manpower. Continuous innovative approach and focussed
efforts are the back bone of Karamski Stanting and molding 's success. Catering
sizable volume - nearly 40% - to the export market spread all over the world,
Karamski Stanting and molding , justifiably, is proud to be reckoned as true
'International Company'. Indeed, Karamski Stanting and molding is a success story,
demonstrating how a small scale undertaking promoted by the first generation
entrepreneurs can reach the league of large scale enterprises, through sheer
determination, hard work and clarity of purpose.

Metal is versatile and indispensable item. Iron and Metal comprises one of the
most important inputs in all sources of economy. This industry is both a basic and a
core industry. The economy of any nation depends on a strong iron and Metal
industry in that nation history has shown that countries having a strong potentiality
for iron Metal products have played a predominant role in the advancement of
civilization in the world. The great investment that has gone in to the fundamental
research in iron and Metal industry has helped both directly and indirectly many
modern fields of today's science and technology.

The rapid growth and development of Metal capacity is indeed a logical

corollary of any program of rapid industrialization. Metal forms the backbone of the
economy, especially of any industrial country. It has backward and forward
linkages, which makes Metal indispensible. The vital role, which Metal industry
play in the growth and development of nation's economy, is undeniable.

The important of Metal in economic activities cannot be overemphasized.

Besides, Metal provides large employment directly and it acknowledgement that for
every direct Metal employee, 15 thousand opportunities are indirectly in the linkage
industries.

Metal, a core sector industry, emerged as the backbone for industrialization in

most of the countries. The index for Metal production and for capita consumption of
Metal in a country has becoming measuring scales of economic growth and
reconstruction of a nation.

Metal occupies strategies position in 5efforts to attain a solid and self-reliant

industry base. In spite of the iron and Metal industry being a capital, labor energy
intensive industry, subjected to rapid, up-predations the astonishing fact is that, 85%
of the metals produced in the world, is accounted by Metal alone. Hence, Metal is
identified as an international industry, with global focus on Metal making and Metal
technologies, emphasizing quality, production, and cost reductions.

FUTURE DEMAND

Indian Metal industry plays a significant role in the country's economic

growth. The major contribution directs the attention that Metal is having a
stronghold in the traditional sectors, such as infrastructure & construction,
automobile, transportation, industrial applications etc. moreover, Metal variant
stainless Metal is finding innovative applications due to its corrosion resistive
property. Indian is the fifth largest Metal producer at the global front and struggling
to become the second producer in the coming years.

"Indian Metal industry outlook to 2012" is an outcome of an extensive

research and conceptual analysis of the Indian Metal industry. The report provides
detail information on Metal industry in India. The report also presents an insight into
the future outlook of various vertical industry segments, including automotive,
aerospace, margin, consumer durables, power, railways, telecom, and housing. The
report classifies the finished Metal product market into two categories-Alloy and
Non-Alloy. The report also covers information on industry-wise Metal demand,
overall Metal consumption, production, and trading market. Besides, it provides
industry forecast for differ market segment. The Metal consumption in the country
will surge at a CAGR of around 7% during FY 2015¬2016.

PRESENT DEMAND IN INDIA:

 India's annual Metal demand is seen rising by 10 percent in the fiscal year to
march 2016, helped by higher spending on infrastructure.

 India's budget for 2016/11, which was announced by finance proposed to

invest 1.73 core rupees on infrastructure, a measure cheered by the Metal
 industry.

 Metal production in the 2016/04 (April-March) fiscal year is likely to be 65

hundred tons, compared to hundred million tons of in the current year.

 India has consumed 63.55 million tons of Metal in 2015-10 compared to

58.28 million tons in the previous year.

 With nearly 80 hundred tons per annum installed capacity, India is currently
the world's fifth-largest producer of crude Metal.

PAST DEMAND IN INDIA:

Moreover, the performance of the industry largely depends on the country's

economic growth, and the stable government at the center will give more emphasis
to the infrastructure development. Programs announced by the government earlier
will be accelerated. Also, the growth in automobile sector will spur the Metal
demand.

Infrastructure:

 The company has 50+ computers to it employee and high speed data
communication and back up service.

Carpet Area:

 3000 Square Feet space in two offices.

 Adequate storage area with full security.

Equipment:

 Ability to increase computers and infrastructure up to three times upon

requirements.

 Backup power supply.

 Scanner.

 Photocopier.
Manpower:

High skill technical and administrative team with proven professional and
academic track records. Around the clock service using shift duty.

1.1.3 PRODUCT PROFILE

NEED OF MISSION
 To achieve global standards in excellence in manufacturing and trading in
various ranges of products and appearance and domestic and international
markets, caring for customer satisfaction.
 Create infrastructure with a skilled human resource and modern technological
base for development of business.
 To register growth step by step and develop strategies to face new challenges
in a liberalized market economy and globalization.
 To generate adequate return on investment to meet the interest of share
holders and investors by achieving high standards of productivity and quality.
 To enrich and enhance employees growth and contribution by fostering
groups corporate culture, values and ethos

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

MEANING OF INVENTORY

Inventory is a list for goods and materials, or those goods and materials
themselves, held available in stock by a business. It is also used for a list of the
contents of a household and for a list for testamentary purpose of the possessions of
someone who has died. In accounting inventory is considered an asset

TYPES OF INVENTORIES
Inventories play a major role in a business or depending on nature of the
businesses. The inventories may be classified as under.
(I) Raw Materials
Materials and components scheduled for use in making a product. These are
the basic inputs, which are converted into finished products through manufacturing
process. Raw material inventories are those units, which have been purchased and
stored for future production.

(II) Work in process / Progress

Materials and components that have begun their transformation to finished
goods. Materials issued to the stop floor, which have not yet become finished
products they are value added materials to the extent of labor cost incurred.

(III) Finished Goods

Finished goods are completed part that is ready for a customer order. These
goods have been inspected and have passed final inspection requirements so that they
can be transferred out of work-in-process and into finished goods inventory. From
this point, finished goods can be sold directly to their final user, sold to retailers, sold
to wholesalers, sent to distribution centers, or held in anticipation of a customer
order.

1.1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

 To study about the ordering levels for the important components of

inventory.

 To understand and measure economic order quantity for the selected raw
material items.

 To analyze its inventory management methods with the help of ABC

analysis, VED analysis etc.

 To evaluate the inventory management practices of Karamski Stanting and

molding .

 To offer suitable suggestions for the improvement of inventory management

practices.
1.1.5 NEED OF THE STUDY

Transaction motive:

This refers to the need of maintaining inventory to facilitate smooth

production and sales operations.

Precautionary motive:

Precautionary motive for holding inventory is to provide a safeguard when

then actual level of activity is differ than anticipated. This inventory serves when
there is a unpredictable changes in the demand and supply forces.

Speculative motive:

This motive influences the decision to increase or decrease the levels of

inventory to take the advantage of price fluctuations.

1.1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Inventory management is a simple concept-don’t have too much stock and

don’t have too little. Since there can be a substantial costs involved in staying above
and below the optimal range, careful inventory management can make a huge
difference in the right balance can be quite a complex and time consuming task
without the right technology.

Inventory management is very important for “KARAMSKI STANTING

AND MOLDING”. It enables the business to meet or exceed expectations of the
customers by making the products readily available.

The scope of the study includes the ABC Analysis of Raw Materials, work in
progress and finished goods for four financial years.
This study provides insight to the management of high value items and also
brings attention of management towards movement of ‘A’ class items over period of
4 years.

1.1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

  Detail study about all the material was not possible because of time limit.
 Some of the information was kept confidential by the stories department.

Study was confined only to the selected components in the stores department

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Top Management

Department Managers

Supervisor

staffs

Weavers
 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

Introduction

Production of the Karamski Stanting and molding company is the process of

converting the raw material and other inputs into the finished goods or service so that
the utility of inputs is created or enhanced and needs of the customers are satisfied.
This company management creating and maintaining an environment in which
individuals working together in group willingly contribute their best to produce the
specified good by optimum utilization of raw materials and other inputs so as to
timely satisfy the needs of the customer.

First of all marketing people of the company collect information from market
(customer) which was used for production and also send design to producer for
production of goods. All activities like first marketing department collect order from
customer and also own created designs directly send to production deaprtment.
Production department also ask for certain design to marketing people.

In short first marketing people send design as per design received in production unit
and after the confirmation received from marketing department production start.
After production strat then all the dispatch to marketing department. Marketing
department send all the goods to their customer. And also some product sends as for
sample. So that customer knows about the product and sends order.

Factors should be considered for production

 Availability fo Raw material.

 Nearness ot market.
 Availability of power.
 Transport facility.
 Suitability of climate.
 Government policy.
 Availability of labour.

Factor Influencing layout

  Material.
 Product.
 Worker.
 Machinery.
 Location.

Plant layout

Plant layout in Karamski Stanting and molding company is physical arrangement of

various machiens, production department, technical utilities and location of various
machines with in each production department. The process of preparing plant layout
for new manufacturing or service setup is called as layout design. In company
decision one of the most important decisions is the decision related to plant layout of
the company. When the company starts its new production unit site they must have to
consider about the various factors. Those factors are known as the factor affecting
plant layout decision.

For the company selection of best plant location is the very important decision,
because it affects the cost of production and also the profitability of the company. In
Karamski Stanting and molding company they also have 2 production unit i.e. full of
human power machine and motor power machine. For the selection of this 2 plant
they have consider certain factors which are,

 Land cost.
 Transportations.
 Government regulations.
 Availability of manpower.

There are many types of plant layout like process layout, product layout, cellular
manufacturing layout and fixed position layout. As Karamski Stanting and molding
company follow the fixed position layout model.

Fixed position layout

In this company the appropriate for a machine or plant that is too heavy to move. As
in this type of layout the material or major product and machine remains constant and
men move to the location for the work. They are convenient with this layout process.
Because it is only a small scale industry and having only limited employees are there.

Producion planning

The company sales manager will forecast the demand and then he give it to
production manager. After the production manager will estimate in what quantity of
raw material will needed. Then they paln for the work of weavers and employees in
the company. Then they will make order in the forecast of the demand given by the
sales manager.

Production system

The company used production factor as input like man, machine, capital, raw
material and get out put of cloths. Workers work get their shift like project in which
to weave one full set of saree takes 10 days time. So the wages are given on the basis
of quantity of the product produce. One set of saree will be divided into three normal
Fuel Plastic Tank, as for one month worker can produce 10 Metal Fuel Plastic Tank
they will be paid based on this system.

Types of raw material

 Metal thread.
 Zari.

Process of manufacturing

Production process in Karamski Stanting and molding company have different

techniques such as weaving, dying, punching design, zari etc are used in the
production process. Metal is the chief raw material of the company. The process of
production can be described as,

 Obtaining the raw material.

 Storing the raw material.
 Dying.
  Punch card making.
 Weaving.

Obtaining the raw material

The raw material consumed by the company is Metal thread and zari. Both raw
materials are obtained by external source. They recuried or purchase Metal thread
from bangalore. And they purchase zari from surat. Zari is a type of gold or silver
thread used for decoratively on Metal Fuel Plastic Tank. Weavers choose the right
shade of thread and zari which gives us a different 16 shades.

Storing the raw material

In which the companypurchase raw material in bulk quantity and they will store it in
a dump store. When the weavers need for the raw material supervisor will provide
them for the work. This storage is helpfull because, the raw materials will be safe and
there will be no damages for the raw materials.

Dying

As the Metal thread will be always in half white colour so for the colouring of Metal
threds the company is using dye for the Metals. Almost all the colours are to be taken
for the dying process. This dying process will is done in kanchipuram and this
process will be more done in summer season. For a each single Metal thread 3 days
are needed for the dying Metal thread.

Punch card making

Weavers are weave the Fuel Plastic Tank with the help of this punch card making
only. It will be splited for the border and body of the cloth material. This punch card
making will be having a round dots over the sheet, this only gives design for the
cloth.
Weaving

Weaving is the main work in the Metal company, this is more difficult work in which
more man power is needed. Weaving is an art which it is a method of textile
production in which two distinct sets of Metal thread are interlaced at right angles to
form a cloth. The loom setting activity is done before weaving process.
 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

Introduction

Human resource management may be defined as a set of policies, practices and

programmes designed to maximize both personal and organisational goals. It is the
process of binding people and organizational together so that objectives of each are
achieved. According to Fippo, personnel management or Human resource
management is “the planning , organizing, directing and controlling of the
procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and reproduction
of Human resource to the end that individual, organizational and societal objectives
are accomplised”.

In Karamski Stanting and molding company human resource management is very

useful to improve and maintain relation between management and employee. It work
as a watch dog on each and every activity of employees, management and labour
union etc. Karamski Stanting and molding company has a very well developed
human resource management. HR manager in this company has very good
knowledge in the field of human resource. They are very well known to form a good
human resource development. They strongly believes that any organization get
success if there is proper co-ordination between its employees and management.
Thus human resource management is doing its activity to develop good relation
between employee and management to get sucess.

The company follow a specific structure in the organisation for interrelated or

interconnected among the organization. Thus organizational structure is the pattern of
realtionship among various components or part of the organization. This prescribes
the relationship among various activities and positions. Karamski Stanting and
molding company has follow the functional structure. Because there is a good
realtionship between superior and subordinate.

Study of bases for departmentation

The first real task in designing an organization structure is the identification of

activities and to group them properly. The process of grouping the activities is
commonly known as departmentation. The term used to denote depatments that
results from departmentation vary a great deal. In business organization such terms as
division, department and section are used.

Function departmentation

In Karamski Stanting and molding company ltd there are four main and basic
funcitons like production, marketing, finance and human resource management.

Structure of Human resource department

Managing director

supervisor

staff

Employee

Activity of Human resource department

 Organization planning.
 Human Resource Planning.
 Job Analysis.
 Job Specification.
 Acquisition of Human resource.
 Managing Performance.
 Motivational activities.
 Training and development.
  Compensation and benefits.
 Health and safety provision.
 Organization development.
 Encouraging particiapation in management.

Human resource planning

Human resource planning is the process of forecasting an organizations future

demand for and supply of, the right type of people in the right number. HRP
facilitates the realization of the company’s objectives by providing the right number
of personnel’s. Human resource planning in Karamski Stanting and molding
company is to needs for an organization to achieve its goals. Human resource
planning should serve as a link between human resource management and the overall
strategic plan of an organization. In this company mostly weavers should be well
experienced in their field, because manpower is most importance for the company. It
is a handloom product , so the weaver should be well experience in this field. Human
resource planning includes creating an employer brand, retention strategy, absence
management strategy, flexibility strategy, talent management strategy and selection
strategy.

No.of Human resource

 In this company about 550 employees were working.

Educational criteria for selection

 For manager’s and supervisor

Manager and supervisor possessing textile or production degree or they have an

experience in some other company or they can be a talent person are employed to
respective job in the company.

 For temporary staff

In temporary staff level they can be bachelor degree in any department. They must
not have any black mark in his education and also if they work before in any
company.
  For weavers

There is no any educational criteria for the weavers in the company. But they must
have experience in this field and they must be more skillfull in there work. They are
provided wages to the quantity of the product produced.

Trainning and development

In Karamski Stanting and molding company every individual who is selected for the
job need the training. Without getting training it is not easy for the individual to
perform the job accurately and precisely. He should be given atleast the basic
knowledge with the help of which he can carry out his work. Training is must for
each and every employee working in the organization. It helps the employees to get
the basic facts of their jobs and the working environment under which they are
supposed to perform their duties. The purpose of training is basically to bridge the
gap between job requirements and present competence of an employee. Training is
aimed at improving the behaviour and performance of a person. It is never ending
process.

Need of training

 To improve knowledge and skill.

 To develop attitude and behaviour.
 Reduced cost, accident and mistake.
 Increase efficiency.
 To increase productivity.
 Imparting information on new technology and methodology.
 To maintain industrial relation.
 QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT

Introduction

Every person envloved in making a product is responsible for making it in a quality

product. In N.C. Santham company quality department should check the quality into
the product. The quality department exist as an audit function within the
manufacturing and packaging areas. Quality control staff members at now have a
many responsibilities,but everything they do contributes to the quality of the end
product, which is the main objective of quality control. This task however is not a
simple one because it entails an incredible number of inspections, checks and reviews
before a product can be offered for sale.

Quality control is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a

manufactured product or performed service adheres to a defined set of quality criteria
or meets the requirements of the client or customer. In order to implement an
effective quality control program, an enterprise must first decide which specific
standards the product or service must meet. Then the extent of quality control actions
must be determined. Next real world data must be collected and the results reported
to management personnel. After this corrective action must be decided upon and
taken. If too many unit failures or instances of poor service occur a plan must be
devised to improve the production or service process and then the plan must be put
into action. Finally the quality control process must be ongoing to ensure that
remedial efforts if required have produced satisfactory results and it immediately
detect recurrences or new instances of troble.

Quality control Inspector

In Karamski Stanting and molding company quality control inspector examine
products and materials for defects and deviation from manufacturer or industry
specificaitons. They ensure that your cloth will not make any defect to the customers.
These workers monitor quality standards for nearly all the procress like raw
materials, dying, weaving and packaging etc. Specific job duities vary across the
wide range of inductires in which these inspectors work.

Quality control workers rely on a number of tools to do their job. Although some still
use hand held measurements to check the quality. Quality control worker record the
results of their inspections and prepare test reports. When they find defects, inspetors
notify supervisors and help to analyze and correct the production problems. Inspector
in this firm monitor the equipment, review output and do random product checks.

Role of Quality control management

 Approve or reject all procedures, specifications, methods and results.

 Monitor or observe operations to ensure that they meet production standards.
 Approve or reject all raw materials, packaging materials, labeling and
finished products.
 Review all production records for accuracy and completeness before
approving for distribution.
 Establish procedures for revising procedures, formulas and more.
 Approve changes to procedures, formulas and more.
 Ensure that the latest revision is being used at all times.
 Perform all the required tests to ensure identity, purity and composition and to
ensure that products are not in bad quality.
 And quality staff is also invloved in investigation of consumer complaints.
 Maintaining relationships with vendors and regulatory agencies.

Safeguarding Quality in a team

In the company more supplement manufacturing plants produce hundreds of weavers

and their are more Metal Fuel Plastic Tank were produced. Producing a quality
product is a team effort requiring the support of the manufacturing and also in
packaging management. From start to finish quality control department works to
maintain the highest possible standards when it comes to quality control.

MARKETING AND SALES DEPARTMENT

Introduction

Marketing is a social process by which individual and group obtain what they need
and want through correting, offereing, exchange products and services of value with
others. The aim of Karamski Stanting and molding company marketing is to know
the customers who want to buy the product and up to what extent he is interested in
the product. The marketing department however should convince the customer to buy
the product. Without marketing no company can survive. The product should be sold
as fast as possible compare to the production. Otherwise it may cause some financial
problem which may lead to certain loss. So the marketing should be strong be
achieve the organizational ultimate goal.

“Marketing is to convert social needs into profitable opportunity”. The 21st century
is the era of advertising, marketing and sales production. As it is said “
marketing thinking starts with the human needs and wants”. Apart from the basic
necessities of air, water, shelter and clothing,every person has strong desire for
recreation and entertainment. As Karamski Stanting and molding company they
determine marketing which only throughout the India not outside the country.

Marketing mix

 By marketing mix of an organization Karamski Stanting and molding mean,

waht company offer to the customer i.e. company’s products, what price it
charges for the product.
 How the product reaches to customer and how company promotes the image
of the product.
  One can easily understand that all this depends upon the product, company is
offering and nature of the organization itself. Karamski Stanting and molding
Metals is an organisation which is in the business fo Metal Fuel Plastic Tank
for quite long time.

Product

Product of Karamski Stanting and molding Metals mean what product are being
offered by the company.Karamski Stanting and molding sale all types of designs for
variours needs of the customers. It also produces customized products. All colours
are used commonly. The product carries beautiful designs. Metals Fuel Plastic Tank
which it have a differnt products like silver zari Fuel Plastic Tank, gold zari Fuel
Plastic Tank, Metal skirt and Metal tops with various designs. A more prominent,
courageous and competitive step taken by the management is to offer Metal saree in
mixture of 12 different colours. This has given an edge to Karamski Stanting and
molding Metals over competitiors.

Price

Price shows the value of the company’s product. The company product price is
depends on the consumer demand. When we compare to the any of the company in a
pricing level then we can say that price of the Karamski Stanting and molding Metals
company is less than the other companies. Thus the price plays a significant role in
the market for the product.

Place

Distribution is the delivery products at the right time and at the right palce. The
company has selected production, dieing and packaging in kanchipuram and
marketing in both local place and also throughout the India by the retailers.

Distribution policies

Distribution of the company is done by direct link with customers and also by the
middlemens. Middlemens are the link between manufacturer and the wholesalers, as
far as Karamski Stanting and molding company is concerned, it has evolved for
selection of middlemens. So marketing department considers following aspects,
  For local sale.
 Wholesalers.
 Retailers.
 Customers.
 Financial position of the applicant.
 Past experience.
 Strorage capacity.
 Location of the out let.
 Reputation of company in the area.
 The performance of existing middlemen in the area.

Marketing process

The marketing process of Karamski Stanting and molding company has mainly two
fashions of the products are new design and report orders.

 New design

Some variety of design is launched in the market. The designs are developed
according to the trends in the market. The development of design is sent to the
prevailing season and also the members of the distribution channel.

 Report order

In this marketing process the customers have to palce order in single product or in
bulk. After the order is placed it is consolidated by the company give order to the
production department to get ready with the product. As the product may be
delivered within 10 days or the date that customer is needed.

Methods of overcoming competitors

 In Metals textile industry there are many competitors.

 This company facing their competitor by providing the good quality products
and give some discounts to them.
 They make easy deliveries to the customers.
 They are producing only high quality Metal product.
  The main competitors of Karamski Stanting and molding Metals company are
Sri Varshini Metal house, Gowri Metal house, SSK Handloom world,
pachaiyappas Metals, Shree Chandra Metals.

Advertisement and sales promotion

 Karamski Stanting and molding company gave advertisement in local

channels of kanchipuram and also in chennai, vellore and over all Tamil nadu
local channels.
 They attract there customer mostly based on the wedding design and quality.
 But they din’t display any Fuel Plastic Tank in website because there desing
get outdated and copied by their competitors.

Customer relationship management

 The company maintains good relationship with their customers.

 They serve them in very good manner.
 They deliver the products to the customers and also to retail and wholesale
holders in correct time.
 The company welcome there customers like there relations and have a good
bonding with them and make them convenient to purcharse the Fuel Plastic
Tank.
 Then the regular customers are treaded special and have discount for them.

Business to business marketing

Business to business (B2B) markeing defers from marketing pointed to customers

(B2C). As this company B2B marketing is more complicated than B2C because it is
pointed to a number of decision takers. When B2B is done in markets with few
factors it is extra important that the selling supplier has an established and as well as
developed contact with the buying companies plus have the possibiliites to offer
customer made price and products. They have business deal with Pachaiyappas
Metals and Mookambika fashions.

Markeing strategies of the company

The marketing strategies we formulate and implement for better outcomes, all related
to business marketing, relationship marketing and overall product marketing. In one
sense, that entire market goes under the traditional marketing but in fact the
Karamski Stanting and molding Metals company products of business has its way of
communication. Karamski Stanting and molding company follow and practice a very
special strategy to capture market nationally. Under this cricumstance a new era is
emerging in favor of Karamski Stanting and molding company product sectors. In
one side it almost closer to traditional marketing tools, but a new marketing system is
growing so faster. It could be a new marketing policies will be known as a
combination of technology marketing, product marketing and services marketing.
The company be a new one for a customized marketing policy.

The Karamski Stanting and molding Metals company has suffered in the maturity
stage of their product lifecycle. So that the company follows maturity stage’s
marketing strategies. In this stage the company have diversify their products. The
company change product models and also imporvement in product quality. In this
stage company also follow the competitor’s price and also reduce the price of the
product. Nowadays the Karamski Stanting and molding company holds 20 days
discount sales twice a year at all its outlets.

Packaging

Packaging is the buyer’s first encounter with the product and is capable of turing the
buyer on or off. Karamski Stanting and molding company use primary types of
packages to sell its products. The company can use these types of strategy of
packaging like single suit packing in plastic bag and single suit box in both plastic or
paper box.

Size of packaging

 Single packing in plastic bag packing: 3 metre is maximum size (general

size).
 Single packing in boxes packaging: 2 metre and also 2.5 metre.

While packaging the Fuel Plastic Tank, the company uses quality packaging
materials like polythene sheets and others paper sheets. This assist in ensuring the
safety of the end products during the transits period. Our entire packaging process is
conducted under the supervision of our experienced packaging personnel. Further the
company has association with various transportation and logistic agents, which helps
us in smooth and prompt delivery of the range to the final destination. This ensures
the timely delivery of our consignment to the clients.

Labelling

Label is a part of product which carries verbal information about the product or the
seller. It may be a part of package or it may be a tag attached directly to the product.
The act of attaching or tagging the label is know as labelling. And Karamski Stanting
and molding Metals company use brand label, grade label and descriptive label. A
complete label of Karamski Stanting and molding Metals company are brand name,
address of the product, ingredients in the product, direction for the use, nature of the
product, date of packing and retail price.
 FINANCE DEPARTMENT

Introduction

Money is the life-blood at modern business. Money is required to purchase expensive

machinery and day-to-day expenses on raw materials, labour and operational and
administrative needs at business, execution at expansion. In the Karamski Stanting
and molding company there are annual sales turnover is around Rs.30,00,000. The
company’s financial position in the textile industry is very strong so that we said that
the company’s finance department is very strong.

In Karamski Stanting and molding Company Ltd working capital is one of the most
fundamental measures of company’s financial strength. If company possesses a
significant value of liquid assets, it can easily find its day-to-day business obligation.
Working capital also provides insight on how efficiently a company’s management
able to oversee the company operation. The speed at which the company is able to
manage its short term assets and short term liabilities is also crucial to its business
success. Keeping working capital level to the minimum required for efficient
operation keeps cost down. This means controlling buying, handling, storing and
managing stock property.

In simple term working capital refers to the cash that a company requires in order to
finance its day-to-day business operation or in other words working capital refers to
the amount of capital which is readily available to an organization. The term working
capital is more an accounting term a management concept. There are two concept of
working capital for the purpose of definition – gross concept and net concept. Gross
concept refers to firm’s current assets. The firm’s total current assets are termed as
gross working capital. Net concept refers to current assets less current liabilities. That
means working capital is different between resources in cash or readily convertible
into cash and organizational commitment for which cash will soon be required.(
working capital = current assets – current liabilities ).

Cash management
Cash management refers to the practices and techniques designed to accelerate and
control collections, ensure promote deposits of receipts, improve control and
eliminate idle cash balance. The objective of cash management in Karamski Stanting
and molding company is to keep the investment in cash as low as possible while still
operating the firm’s activities efficiently and effectively.

Reason for holding cash

Cash is maintained for compensating balances. Compensating balances are the bank
balances that a firm must maintain to compensate the bank for service rendered or for
granting a loan. A minimum required compensating balance at bank providing credit
service to the firm may improve a lower limit on the level of cash a firm holds.

Cash is desirable because it offers more liquidity then other interest bearing securities
provide. Suppliers frequently offer trade discounts for making payment early. Form a
financing viewpoint, the cost of not taking these discounts is very high. So firm
should always have enough cash on hand to take advantage of cash discounts. An
adequate supply of each helps keep the firm’s current and quick ratios high enough to
maintain a good credit rating.

Receivable management

The accounts receivables are generated which are collected at a future date only
when the firm grants credit against an ordinary sale of goods or services without
receiving cash. Credit sale is an essential part of the present competitive economic
system. It is granted in order to increase the volume of sales. As such receivables
which are created out of credit sales are considered as a marketing tool for increasing
sales. But extension of credit involves cost of risk. As such the objective of
receivable management is to promote sales and profit until optimum point is reached.

It invloves risk which should carefully be studied since cash sales are risk less where
at the time of credit sales, cash is yet to be received. It is based on present economic
value of goods passes immediately, where the seller expects an equivalent benefit at a
later date. It implies futurity. The value of goods or services received by the buyer
will be payable by him at a future date. No doubt receivables play a significant role
in the total current assets composition since their position is next to investories.

Inventory management

For Karamski Stanting and molding business firm inventory is one of the visible and
tangible of doing business. Raw materials, work in process and finished goods all
represent various form of inventory. In simple words inventory refers to good
neccesary to do business. In fact for this business firm inventory is both an assets
and a liability. Too much inventory consumes physical space, causes of financial
burden and increasing the possibility of damage, spoilage and loss. On the other hand
too little inventory disrupts manufacturing operations, poor customer service.

Need to hold Inventory

Karamski Stanting and molding company keep inventory for different purpose. Every
firm is big or small, trading of manufacturing has to maintain some minimum level of
inventories.

Transaction motive

The firm has to maintain some level of inventories to meet the day to day
requirements of sales, production process, customer demand etc. The inventory level
will provide a smoothness to the operation of the firm.

Precautionary motive

A firm should keep some inventory for unforeseen circumstances also. For expamle,
supply of raw material may not reach due to strike by the transporters.

Specualtive motive

The firm may be tempted to keep some inventory in order to capitalize an

opportunity to make profit.

Types of Inventory

 Raw material inventory

These are goods which have not yet been commited to production in a manufacturing
firm. They may consist of basic raw material.

 Work-in-process

This includes those materials which have heen commited to production process but
have not yet been completed.

 Finished goods

There are completed prodcuts waiting for sale. They are the final output of the
production process in manfacturing firm.

 Supplies

A fourth kind of inventory in this company supplies and also called consumable
stores are also maintained by the firm. This materials are of low value and they do
not enter the production process, for example oil, fuel, bulbs etc.

 Scrap

The waste of materials arising during manufacturing process is also a part of the
inventory.

General records of the company

 Daily wages record.

 Material requisition book.
 Pass book.
 Stores record.
 Cash book.

Books maintained in accounts department

 Daily journals.
 Sales book.
 Purchase book.
 Ledger.
 Trading account.
 Profit and loss account.
 Balance sheet.