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Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) offers a feasible noninvasive way to detect the
whole gastrointestinal (GI) tract and revolutionizes the diagnosis technology.
However, compared with wired endoscopies, the limited working time, the low
frame rate, and the low image resolution limit the wider application. The progress
of this new technology is reviewed in this paper, and the evolution tendencies are
analyzed to be high image resolution, high frame rate, and long working time.
Unfortunately, the power supply of capsule endoscope (CE) is the bottleneck.
Wireless power transmission (WPT) is the promising solution to this problem, but
is also the technical challenge. Active CE is another tendency and will be the next
geneion of the WCE. Nevertheless, it will not come true shortly, unless the
practical locomotion mechanism of the active CE in GI tract is achieved. The
locomotion mechanism is the other technical challenge, besides the challenge of
WPT. The progress about the WPT and the active capsule technology is reviewed.
[3] E.A. Johannessen, Lei Wang, C. Wyse, D.R.S. Cumming, J.M. Cooper,
“Biocompatibility of a Lab-on-a-Pill Sensor in Artificial Gastrointestinal
Environments", IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 53,
pp.2333-2340, 2016
A new minimally invasive technique allowing for anatomical mapping and motility
studies along the entire human digestive system is presented. The technique is
based on continuous tracking of a small magnet progressing through the digestive
tract. The coordinates of the magnet are calculated from signals recorded by 16
magnetic field sensors located over the abdomen. The magnet position, orientation
and trajectory are displayed in real time. Ten young healthy volunteers were
followed during 34 h. The technique was well tolerated and no complication was
encountered. The information obtained was 3-D configuration of the digestive tract
and dynamics of the magnet displacement (velocity, transit time, length estimation,
rhythms). In the same individual, repeated examination gave very reproducible
results. The anatomical and physiological information obtained corresponded well
to data from current methods and imaging. This simple, minimally invasive
technique permits examination of the entire digestive tract and is suitable for both
research and clinical studies. In combination with other methods, it may represent
a useful tool for studies of GI motility with respect to normal and pathological
conditions.
[5] P. Hiroz, V. Schlageter, J.C. Givel, P. Kucera, “Colonic Movements in
Healthy Subjects as Monitored by a Magnet Tracking System",
Neurogastroenterology & Motility, vol. 21, pp.838-857, 2018