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Mechanical Seal Piping Plans

Plan 01 Plan 12
Description: Plan 02 is a non-circulating flush

Piping KEY Plan 02 Plan 11 Plan 13


HEAT Description: Plan 01 is an internal recirculation Description: Plan 11 is the most common flush plan in Description: Plan 12 is similar to Plan 11, except that a Description: In a Plan 13 the flow exits the seal
PI PRESSURE INDICATOR
EXCHANGER from the pump discharge area of the pump into plan where adequate vapor suppression can use today. This plan takes fluid from the pump discharge strainer or filter is added to the flush line. chamber and is routed back to pump suction.
the seal chamber, similar to a Plan 11 but with no be assured. (or from an intermediate stage) through an orifice(s) and
TEMPERATURE exposed piping. Advantages: With a Plan 13 it is possible to increase or
TI directs it to the seal chamber to provide cooling and Advantages: No product contamination and solids are
INDICATOR Single Seals Single Seals Advantages: Solids are not continually Single Seals lubrication to the seal faces. Single Seals removed from the flush stream keeping the seal clean. Single Seals decrease seal chamber pressure with proper sizing of the
ORIFICE introduced into the seal chamber, no external
Advantages: No product contamination and no orifice and throat bushing clearance.
FI FLOW INDICATOR external piping, which is advantageous on highly hardware is required, and natural venting occurs Advantages: No product contamination and piping General: If the seal is setup with a Distributed or
RESERVOIR
BLOCK VALVE viscous fluids at lower temperatures to minimize when used with a tapered bore seal chamber. is simple. Extended flush, the effectiveness of the system will be General: Typically Plan 13 is used on vertical turbine
FM FLOW METER the risk of freezing that can occur with improved. This plan should be equipped with a pumps since they have the discharge at the top of the
CHECK VALVE exposed piping. General: Ideal with large bore/tapered bore General: If the seal is setup with a Distributed or differential pressure indicator or alarm to alert the user pump where the seal is located. Because of the
ANSI/ASME B73.1 or specialised ISO 3069 seal Extended flush, the effectiveness of the system will that the filter or strainer is clogged. difference in flow patterns, Plan 13 is not as efficient in
PRESSURE SWITCH
FLOW PSH General: This flush plan should only be used chambers or with hot process pumps utilizing a be improved. removing heat as a Plan 11 and thus requires a higher
HIGH
REGULATING PISTON for clean products as dirty products can clog the cooling jacket. On the latter services, a Plan 62 with flow rate.
VALVE ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE SWITCH internal line. Not recommended on steam can also provide some additional cooling.
PSL
LOW vertical pumps.
PRESSURE
CONTROL LI LEVEL INDICATOR
VALVE BLADDER
ACCUMULATOR
LSH LEVEL SWITCH HIGH
CYCLONE
SEPARATOR F LSL LEVEL SWITCH LOW
COALESCING
FILTER
STRAINER FSH FLOW SWITCH HIGH

Plan 14 Plan 21 Plan 41


Description: Plan 21 is a cooled version of Plan 11. Description: Plan 31 is variation of Plan 11,

Plan 31
Description: Plan 14 is a combination of Plans 11 Description: Plan 32 uses a flush stream brought in Description: Plan 41 is a combination of Plan 21 and

Plan 23
Description: Plan 23 is a closed loop system using a
and 13. Flush is taken off of pump discharge, sent to
the seal chamber, and piped back to pump suction. TI
The product from pump discharge is directed through an
orifice, then to a heat exchanger to lower the temperature
before being introduced into the seal chamber.
TI
pumping ring to circulate product through a heat
exchanger and back to the seal chamber.
where an abrasive separator is added to the flush
line. In this plan, the product is introduced to the
abrasive separator from the discharge of the pump.
Plan 32 from an external source to the seal. This plan is almost
always used in conjunction with a close clearance
throat bushing.
TI
Plan 31. In Plan 41, product from pump discharge is
first put through an abrasive separator and then to the
heat exchanger before being introduced to the
Single Seals Advantages: Cooling can be optimized with the flush Single Seals Single Seals Advantages: More efficient than a Plan 21 and less Single Seals Single Seals Single Seals seal chamber.
directed at the seal faces. Plan allows for automatic Advantages: Process fluid cools and lubricates the chance of heat exchanger fouling. Reduced temperature Advantages: Unlike a strainer or filter, the Advantages: The external flush fluid, when selected
venting of the seal chamber. seal, therefore no dilution of process stream. Cooling improves lubricity and improves vapor pressure margin. abrasive separator does not require cleaning. properly, can result in vastly extended seal life.
improves lubricity and reduces the possibility of Solids are removed from the flush stream General: When an
General: Often used on vertical pumps vaporization in the seal chamber. keeping the seal clean. outside flush source is
to provide adequate flow and vapor pressure margin used, concerns
independent of throat bushing design. General: This plan should be used for services regarding product
containing solids that have a specific gravity at dilution and/or
least twice that of the process fluid. Typically the economics must be
separator requires a minimum pressure TI considered by
differential of 15 psi (1 bar) to operate properly. the user.
High pressure differentials may require the TI
Advantages: Solids are removed and product
TI
General: Plan 21 is not a preferred plan, either by API TI
General: Preferred plan for hot applications. Close addition of an orifice upstream of the cyclone. temperature is reduced to enhance the
or many users, due to the high heat load put on the heat clearance throat bushing is recommended to reduce FI seal’s environment.
exchanger. A Plan 23 is preferred. mixing of hot product with cooler closed loop system.
PI General: Plan 41 is typically used on hot services with
solids; however, depending on the temperature of the
TI
process, operating costs can be high.

Plan 53B
Description: Plan 53B previously termed 53 Description: Plan 53C uses a piston accumulator to provide

Plan 53A Plan 53C Plan 62


Description: Plan 53A uses an external

Plan 52 Plan 54
Description: Plan 52 uses an external Description: Plan 54 utilizes an external source to Description: Plan 62 is a common plan to improve the
reservoir to provide buffer fluid for the reservoir to provide barrier fluid for a Modified uses an accumulator to isolate the pressure to the system. It uses a reference line from the seal provide a clean pressurised barrier fluid to a dual environment on the atmospheric side of single seals by
outer seal of an unpressurised dual pressurised dual seal arrangement. pressurising gas from the barrier fluid. A heat chamber to provide a constant pressure differential over the pressurised seal. quenching with steam, nitrogen or water.
seal arrangement. Reservoir pressure is produced by a gas, PI PSL exchanger is included in the circulation loop to chamber’s pressure. A water- or air-cooled heat exchanger
Dual Seals, Unpressurised Dual Seals, Pressurised usually nitrogen. Flow is induced by a Dual Seals, cool the barrier fluid. Flow is induced by a Dual Seals, provides for barrier fluid cooling. Flow is induced by a Dual Seals, Advantages: Can provide pressurised flow to multiple Quench Seals Advantages: Plan 62 is a low cost alternative to
Advantages: In comparison to single pumping ring. pumping ring. pumping ring. seal installations to reduce costs. Positively eliminates tandem seals. The quench prevents or retards product
seals, dual unpressurised seals can
TI
Pressurised Pressurised Pressurised fugitive emissions to atmosphere. crystallization or coking. Quenches can also provide
provide reduced net leakage rates Advantages: Reservoir size can be Advantages: Should the loop be contaminated Advantages: Provides a tracking system to maintain barrier some cooling.
as well as redundancy in the event optimized dependent on flow rate. Wear for any reason, the contamination is contained pressure above seal chamber pressure. General: Plan 54 systems can be custom engineered to
of failure. particles settle to bottom of reservoir and within the closed circuit. The make-up system suit application requirements. Systems can range from General: Typical applications; steam quenches on hot
don’t get recirculated. can supply barrier fluid to multiple dual General: The heat exchanger can be the direct connection from other process streams to services to retard coking, nitrogen quenches on cold or
General: Cooling coils in the reservoir pressurised sealing systems. water-cooled, finned tubing, or an complex API 614 systems. cryogenic service to prevent icing, or water quench to
are available for removing heat from the General: Heat is dissipated by General: The bladder air-cooled unit based upon the system heat prevent crystallization or accumulation of
buffer fluid. reservoir cooling coils. Barrier accumulator isolates the load. The reference line to the accumulator product on the atmosphere side of the seal.
fluid is subject to gas pressurising gas from the barrier must be tolerant of process contamination
TI
entrainment at pressures/ fluid to prevent gas entrainment. TI without plugging.
temperatures above The heat exchanger can be water EXTERNAL
300 psi (21 barg). cooled, finned tubing, or an PRV
PRESSURISED
air-cooled unit based upon the PI
PI LSL
PSL
BARRIER
PI PSH PSL
system heat load.
LI
LSH
LI
LSH SOURCE/SYSTEM
LSL LSL

TI

FSH

Plan 65 Plan 72 Plan 74


Description: Plan 65 is a liquid leakage detection plan

Plan 75 Plan 76
Description: Plan 72 for secondary containment uses Description: Plan 74 provides a pressurised gas, Description: Plan 75 is a collection system used with Description: Plan 76 is a system to divert
PSL FM
normally used for single seals. an external low pressure buffer gas, usually nitrogen, typically nitrogen, to dual gas seals through the use of a secondary containment seals for process fluid that will non-condensing primary seal leakage to a flare or vapor
It utilizes a level switch on a reservoir to set off an alarm regulated by a control panel that injects it into the outer PI control panel that removes moisture, filters the gas, and condense at lower temperatures or is always in a recovery system.
PI PSH
LSH PSH
when excess leakage is detected. seal cavity. regulates the barrier pressure. liquid state.
Single Seals Secondary Containment Seals Dual Gas Seals PI Secondary Secondary Advantages: Lower initial and maintenance costs than
Advantages: Provides an alarmed indication of Advantages: Introduction of a buffer gas like nitrogen Advantages: Lower costs and maintenance than Advantages: The collection reservoir contains a dual unpressurised seals using a Plan 52. Europe Latin America Middle East & Africa
excessive seal leakage that can shutdown equipment reduces fugitive emissions, prevents icing on cold systems used on dual pressurised liquid systems. Containment pressure gauge and a high pressure switch to indicate Containment Slough, UK São Paulo, Brazil Dubai, United Arab Emirates
if necessary. applications, and provides for some cooling to the Leakage to atmosphere is an inert gas. a build up in pressure from excessive primary seal General: Plan 76 can be Tel: 44-1753-224000 Tel: 55-11-3371-2500 Tel: 00-97-1488-39510
outboard seal.
LSH
Seals leakage or failure. Seals used in conjunction with a
Fax: 44-1753-224224 Fax: 55-11-3371-2599 Fax: 00-97-1488-37766
General: The system includes a General: The barrier gas is usually a pressurised gas purge from Plan 72.
loop to by-pass the orifice to General: Plan 72 is normally used with nitrogen line. For higher pressure applications the General: Plan 75 can be used Can be used with contacting
in conjunction with a gas purge or non-contacting Asia
prevent high pressure on the Plan 75 for primary seal leakage that is system pressure can be supplemented with a gas North America
from Plan 72. Typically contacting containment seals. Singapore
atmospheric side of the seal. The condensing, or with Plan 76 for pressure booster/amplifier. Morton Grove
secondary containment Tel: 65-6512-5200
gland throttle bushing design non-condensing leakage.
seals are used with this Tel: 1-847-967-2400 Fax: 65-6512-5233
should be inline with
plan. Fax: 1-847-967-3915
the fluid’s properties.

FSH PSL

FM
For your nearest John Crane facility, please contact one of the locations above.
PI
If the products featured will be used in a potentially dangerous and/or hazardous process, your John Crane representative should be consulted prior to
their selection and use. In the interest of continuous development, John Crane Companies reserve the right to alter designs and specifications without
prior notice.

©2007 John Crane Print 02/07 www.johncrane.com ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO/TS 16949 Certified. Details available on request. P-MSPP/Eng

©2007 John Crane Inc. Print 02/07 Piping Plans Poster

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