Analysis of bleach

Brand of bleach I = Cocorex

1. Molarity of Na2S2O3 solution = 0.1087 M

2. Mass of volumetric flask + 10mL bleach = 59.6224 g
3. Mass of volumetric flask = 49.1305 g
4. Mass of 10mL bleach = 10.5189 g
5. Density of bleach = 1.05189 g/mL

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3

Final reading of thiosulphate solution 4.00 7.00 11.00
Initial reading of thiosulphate solution 0.00 4.00 7.00
Volume of thiosulphate solution (mL) 4.00 3.00 4.00
Moles of Na2S2O3 (mol) 4.3480 ×10-4 3.2610 ×10-4 4.3480 ×10-4
Moles of NaClO in 10mL aliquot1 (mol) 0.1413 0.1413 0.1413
Moles of NaClO in 100mL aliquot2 (mol) 1.4129 1.4129 1.4129
Moles of NaClO in 10mL bleach sample (mol) 2.1740 ×10-4 1.6305 ×10-4 2.1740 ×10-4
Average moles of NaClO in 10mL bleach sample 1.9928 × 10-4 mol
Gram/L of NaClO in bleach 1.4840 g/L
Mass percent of NaClO in bleach 0.14%
Mass percent of NaClO from manufacturer’s
5.25%
label
Percent deviation between experimental and label
97.33%
values
Brand of bleach I = Cocorex

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32-

From the equation:

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

1. Moles of Na2S2O3- = Molarity Na2S2O3- × Volume Na2S2O3-

Rough titration = 0.1087 M × 0.004 L

= 4.3480 × 10-4 mol

Titration 1 = 0.1087 M × 0.003 L

= 3.2610 × 10-4 mol

Titration 2 = 0.1087 M × 0.004 L

= 4.3480 × 10-4 mol

2. Density of bleach = Mass / Volume

= 10.5189 g / 10 mL
= 1.05189 g/mL

3. Weight of NaClO in 10 mL aliquot1 = Density × 10 mL

= 1.05189 g/mL × 10 mL
= 10.5189 g

4. Moles of NaClO in 10 mL aliquot1 = Mass / Relative Molar Mass

= 10.5189 g / 74.45 gmol-1

= 0.1413 mol
 5. Weight of NaClO in 100 mL aliquot2 = Density × 100 mL
= 1.05189 g/mL × 100 mL
= 105.19 g

6. Moles of NaClO in 100 mL aliquot2 = Mass / Relative Molar Mass

= 105.19 g / 74.45 gmol-1
= 1.4129

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq)

From the equation:

1 mole of I2 ≈ 2 mole of S2O32-

1 mol of I2
7. Moles of I2 = × Mole of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

1 mol of I2
Rough titration = × 4.3480 × 10-4 mol of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 2.1740 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 1 = × 3.2610 × 10-4 mol of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.6305 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 2 = × 4.3480 × 10-4 mol of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 2.1740 × 10-4 mol

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l)

From the equation:

1 mole of I2 ≈ 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO

From the equation:

1 mole of ClO- ≈ 1 mole NaClO

1 mol of I2
8. Mole of ClO- = × Moles of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

1 mol of I2
Rough titration = × 2.1740 × 10-4 mol of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 2.1740 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 1 = × 1.6305 × 10-4 mol of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.6305 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 2 = × 2.1740 × 10-4 mol of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 2.1740 × 10-4 mol

9. Average moles of NaClO in 10 mL bleach sample

= ( 2.1740 × 10-4 mol + 1.6305 × 10-4 mol +2.1740 × 10-4 mol ) / 3
= 1.9928 × 10-4 mol

10. Mass of NaClO = No. of moles × Relative Molar Mass

= 1.9928 × 10-4 mol × 74.45 g/mol
= 0.01484 g

11. Gram/L of NaClO in bleach = Mass / Volume

= 0.01484 g / 0.01 L
= 1.4840 g/L
 mass NaClO undiluted
12. Mass percent of NaClO in bleach = × 100 %
mass 10 mL bleach
0.01484 g
= × 100 %
10.5189 g

= 0.14 %

13. Percent deviation between experimental and label value

| experimental−theoretical|
= ×100 %
theoretical
| 0.14−5.25 |
= × 100 %
5.25

= 97.33 %
Brand of bleach II = Dobi

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32-

From the equation:

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

1. Moles of Na2S2O3- = Molarity Na2S2O3- × Volume Na2S2O3-

Rough titration = 0.1087 M × 0.0031 L

= 3.3697 × 10-4 mol

Titration 1 = 0.1087 M × 0.004 L

= 4.3480 × 10-4 mol

Titration 2 = 0.1087 M × 0.0036 L

= 3.9132 × 10-4 mol

2. Density of bleach = Mass / Volume

= 10.0072 g / 10 mL
= 1.0007 g/mL

3. Weight of NaClO in 10 mL aliquot1 = Density × 10 mL

= 1.0007 g/mL × 10 mL
= 10.0070

4. Moles of NaClO in 10 mL aliquot1 = Mass / Relative Molar Mass

= 10.0070 g / 74.45 gmol-1

= 0.1344 mol
 5. Weight of NaClO in 100 mL aliquot2 = Density × 100 mL
= 1.0007 g/mL × 100 mL
= 100.07 g

6. Moles of NaClO in 100 mL aliquot2 = Mass / Relative Molar Mass

= 100.07 g / 74.45 gmol-1
= 1.3441 mol

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq)

From the equation:

1 mole of I2 ≈ 2 mole of S2O32-

1 mol of I2
7. Moles of I2 = × Mole of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

1 mol of I2
Rough titration = × 3.3697 × 10-4 mol of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.6849 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 1 = × 4.3480 × 10-4 mol of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 2.1740 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 2 = × 3.9132 × 10-4 mol of Na2S2O3
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.9567 × 10-4 mol

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l)

From the equation:

1 mole of I2 ≈ 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO

From the equation:

1 mole of ClO- ≈ 1 mole NaClO

1 mol of I2
8. Mole of ClO- = × Moles of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

1 mol of I2
Rough titration = × 1.6849 × 10-4 mol of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.6849 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 1 = × 2.1740 × 10-4 mol of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 2.1740 × 10-4 mol

1 mol of I2
Titration 2 = × 1.9567 × 10-4 mol of I2
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.9567 × 10-4 mol

9. Average moles of NaClO in 10 mL bleach sample

= ( 1.6849 × 10-4 mol + 2.1740 × 10-4 mol +1.9567 × 10-4 mol ) / 3
= 1.9385 × 10-4 mol

10. Mass of NaClO = No. of moles × Relative Molar Mass

= 1.9385 × 10-4 mol × 74.45 g/mol
= 0.01443 g

11. Gram/L of NaClO in bleach = Mass / Volume

 = 0.01443 g / 0.01 L
= 1.4430 g/L

mass NaClO undiluted

12. Mass percent of NaClO in bleach = × 100 %
mass 10 mL bleach
0.01443 g
= × 100 %
10.0072 g

= 0.14 %

13. Percent deviation between experimental and label value

| experimental−theoretical|
= ×100 %
theoretical
| 0.14−5.25 |
= × 100 %
5.25

= 97.33 %
C: Analysis of copper (II) unknown

2Cu2+ + 2I- + 2S2O32- → 2CuI + S4O62- (7)

From the equation:
2 mole of 2S2O32- ≈ 2 mole Cu2+

1. Mole of S2O32- = Molarity × Volume

Rough titration = 0.1087 M × 0.0110 L

= 1.1957 × 10-3 mol
Titration 1 = 0.1087 M × 0.0115 L
= 1.2501 × 10-3 mol
Titration 2 = 0.1087 M × 0.0115 L
= 1.2501 × 10-3 mol

2 mol of Cu2+
2. Mole of Cu2+ = × Mole of S2O32-
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

2 mol of Cu2+
Rough titration = × 1.1957 × 10-3 mol of S2O32-
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.1957 × 10-3 mol

2 mol of Cu2+
Titration 1 = × 1.2501 × 10-3 mol of S2O32-
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.2501 × 10-3 mol

2 mol of Cu2+
Titration 2 = × 1.2501 × 10-3 mol of S2O32-
2 mol of S2 O2−
3

= 1.2501 × 10-3 mol

3. Mass of Cu2+ = Mole of Cu2+ × Relative Molar Mass Cu2+

Rough titration = 1.1957 × 10-3 mol × 63.54 g/mol

= 0.07597 g
Titration 1 = 1.2501 × 10-3 mol × 63.54 g/mol
= 0.07943 g
Titration 2 = 1.2501 × 10-3 mol × 63.54 g/mol
= 0.07943 g
mass of Cu2+
4. Weight percent of copper in sample taken = × 100 %
mass of Cu2+ taken

0.07597 g
Rough titration = × 100 %
0.3038 g

= 25.00 %
0.07943 g
Titration 1 = × 100 %
0.3050 g

= 26.04 %
0.07943 g
Titration 2 = × 100 %
0.3045 g

= 26.09 %

25.00 % + 26.04 % + 26.09 %

5. Average weight percent of copper in compound =
3
= 25.71 %
6. Theoretical mass percent of copper in compound

1. Copper (II) acetate monohydrate [Cu(CH3COO)2.H2O]

= ( 63.54 g/mol Cu2+ / 199.65 g/mol Cu(CH3COO)2.H2O) × 100 %
= 31.83 %

2. Copper (II) chloride dehydrate [CuCl2.2H2O]

= ( 63.54 g/mol Cu2+ / 170.48 g/mol CuCl2.2H2O) × 100 %
= 37.27 %

3. Copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate [CuSO4.5H2O]

= ( 63.54 g/mol Cu2+ / 249.685 g/mol CuSO4.5H2O) × 100 %
= 25.45 %

| experimental−theoretical|
7. Percent error = × 100 %
theoretical
| 25.71 %−25.45 %|
= × 100 %
25.45 %

= 1.02 %
Equation
NaOCl(aq) → Na+(aq) + OCl-(aq) (1)

OCl-(aq) → 2H+(aq) + 2I-(aq) + I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) (2)

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → S4O62-(aq) + 2I-(aq) (3)

IO3- (aq) + 5I- (aq) + 6H+ (aq)  3I2(aq) + 3H2O(aq) (4)

2Cu2+ + 5I- → 2CuI(s) + I3- (5)

I3- + 2S2O32- → 3I3- + S4O62- (6)

2Cu2+ + 2I- + 2S2O32- → 2CuI(s) + S4O62- (7)

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32- (8)

NaOCl(aq) + 3KI(s) + 2HCl(aq) → I3-(aq) + 3KCl(aq) + H2O(l) + Na+(aq) (9)