TRAFFIC CALMING AND CONTROL IN THE

DRIVER'S BEHAVIOR

Submittend by:
SAAD ABDELMOLA
Submitted to:
(Asst. Prof. Dr. GOKHAN TUNC)
 CONTENT
• ABSTRACT
• INTRODUCTION
• PURPOSE
• TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES
• ISSUES AFFECTING TRAFFIC CALMING
• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
• SCOPE OF PROBLEM
• RECOMMENDATIONS
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCE
 ABSTRACT

The main objective of this paper is to illustrate the importance of traffic calming.
Road accidents have become one of the biggest problems of all countries of the
world which caused these incidents of damage problem Social, and economic losses,
so I displayed in this proposal the importance of traffic calming and how does it
effect on the pedestrian, bicycles and environment. In this proposal also, I will
briefly illustrate the problem of speeding and speed management (Setting Speed
Limits.)
 INTRODUCTION
• Traffic calming is concerned with reducing the adverse impact of motor vehicles on
residential streets. This can reduce vehicle speed and volumes traffic and allows more space
for pedestrians and cyclists. These projects generally having a wide range of measures for
example: speed humps, speed tables, raised crosswalks, chicanes, chokers, roundabouts,
circles and pavement markings.

• The process of setting speed limits is often viewed as a technical exercise.

• The primary focus of speed management must remain on safety.

• The goal of speed management is to reduce speeding-related fatalities, injuries and crashes.
 PURPOSE
• Improved “feel” of the street .
• Enhanced aesthetic values
and a sense of nature
• Reduced crime
• Equitable balance among
transportation modes Traffic calming gives decreased severity of injury

• Decreased severity of injury in

traffic crashes
• Improved air quality and noise
levels
• Decreased fuel consumption

Reduction in crime percentage

 TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES
• Bumps, humps, and other raised
pavement areas .

• Reducing street area where motor

traffic is given priority .

• Street closures .

• Traffic diversion . SPEED HUMP

• Surface texture and visual devices.

TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES

SPEED TABLE RAISED INTERSECTIONS

TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES
SLOW POINT MEDIANS
TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES
CURB EXTENSIONS COMPLETE STREET CLOSURES
TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES
PARTIAL STREET CLOSURES TRAFFIC DIVERSION
TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES
Traffic circles SPEED PUMP
 MICRO LEVEL BENEFITS OF
REDUCTION ACCIDENTS

It was found that all the various

measures are effective in reducing
collision frequency, with the
magnitude of the frequency
reduction varying from 30 to 82
percent. The data is limited for
some traffic-calming measures.
Average percent reduction in collisions per measure
 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Speeding is a complex problem, involving the interaction of many factors including

public attitudes, road user behavior, vehicle performance, roadway design and
characteristics, posted speed limits and enforcement strategies.
SCOPE OF THE
PROBLEM
FOR EXAMPLE : the problem in the United
States.
-1Overall trends in speeding-related fatalities

• The number of speeding-related fatalities

decreased continuously from 16,947 in
1986 to 12,592 in rebmun ehT .1993
2001 litnu tnatsnoc ylevitaler deniamer
when the number of speeding-related
fatalities started to increase again. Trends in Speeding-Related Fatalities
• The relative proportion of speeding-
related fatalities to the total fatalities
shows an overall downward trend
from the highest level of 37 percent
in 1986 to the lowest level at 30
percent in .2000

• The upward trend since 2000 in total

fatalities and the proportion of those
that were speeding-related was
reversed in .2003
Percent of Fatalities That Are Speeding-Related
-2By Road
Type
•The number of speeding-related
fatalities on local, collector, and arterial
roads follows a trend similar to that of the
overall speeding -related fatalities. The
only exception is the trend of speeding-
related fatalities on interstate freeways
that peaked in 1998 and remained
relatively constant since then.

•In comparison, since a si ereht ,2000

detaler-gnideeps ni esaercni regral
rehto no naht sdaor lacol no seitilataf
2003 litnu syawdaor fo sepytwhen the
trend was reversed. Speeding-Related Fatalities by Roadway Function Class, -1983
2003
 -3By speed limits

•In 65 dewolla ssergnoC ,1987mph speed

limits on rural interstates. The number of
speeding-related fatalities was constant on
roads with 65 mph speed limits while there
was a downward trend on roads with speed
limits of 55 mph and under.

•In lanoitaN eht dehsiloba ssergnoC ,1995

taht ecniS .LSMN timiL deepS mumixaM
neeb evah seitilataf detaler-gnideeps ,emit
deeps htiw sdaor no gnisaercni yllaudarg
65 fo stimilmph and above while the
fatalities on the road with speed limits
under 50 mph have been relatively stable. Speeding-Related Fatalities by Speed Limit, -1983
.2003
-4By vehicle type

• The percentage of fatal crashes that were

speeding-related is highest among
motorcycle operators at 36 percent in
morf esaerced a stneserper sihT .2003
1987 ehtlevel high of 47 percent.

• There was a steady decrease of the

percentage of speeding involvement
among SUVs involved in fatal crashes,
from a high of 30 percent in 1983 to 19
percent in .2001

• Drivers of large trucks involved in fatal

crashes are least likely to be speeding. The Relative Proportion of Speeding Drivers in Fatal Crashes
by Vehicle Type, 2003-1983
 - 5By driver characteristics

•Male drivers are more likely to be involved in speeding-related crashes than females.
•The proportion of fatal crashes involving speeding decreases with driver age.
•Young males less than 25 years of age are over represented in speeding-related fatal crashes.
 RECOMMENDATIONS

• Providing the means for calming traffic commensurate with our roads, taking into
account the special needs requirements.

• Study and the development of plans for the conduct of the movement of trucks.

• Study and develop plans for public and private transport.

• Focus on traffic awareness of the citizens residing within campaigns to introduce them
the risks and remind them of traffic safety laws.
 CONCLUSION
• The goal of Traffic calming is to make our streets safer and more comfortable for all users
and residents.
• Speed limits are the most common method for managing speed.
• The speeding-related fatality rate per vehicle mile traveled is highest on local and collector
roads where the lowest speed limits are posted, presenting additional problems.
• While speeding can snoitulos evitceffe taht raelc si ti ,melborp lanoitan a deredisnoc eb
.yllacol deilppa eb tsum
• Speed management involves a balanced effort: defining the relationship between speed,
speeding and safety; applying road design and engineering measures to obtain appropriate
speeds; setting speed limits that are safe and reasonable.
• ln addition to the reductions in speed and external volume typically associated with traffic
calming. the safety benefits are both quantifiable and significant.
 REFERENCE
• J. Cleary, Cyclists and Traffic Calming, Cyclists Touring Club, Godalming, U.K., .1991
• Hass Klau, Illustrated Guide to Traffic Calming.1990 ,sreenignE notiatropsnarT fo etuttisnI ,
• R. Ewing and Kooshian, “U.S. Experience With Traffic Calming,” ITE Journal.1997 tsuguA ,
• INVESTIGATION ON NORTH AMERICAN TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICE SELECTION PRACTICES
• http://library.ite.org/pub/e277e2be-519-714d-2354b-fdd0b98f0d7d
• http://library.ite.org/pub/e2754a-2354-05d6-5140-714fca006f8a76
• http://library.ite.org/pub/e2742f-2354-06d514-714e-de01e77d5505
• http://library.ite.org/pub/e272e11d-516-714d-2354f-b847fee8e193
• http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/speedmgt/ref_mats/fhwasa%20cffiarT/secruoser/09028Calmin
g%20Guide%20for%20local%20residential%20streets.pdf#page=1
• https://tfdp.tmgMdeepS-2135/snotiacilbup/stnemucod/selfi/ude.hnu.2t/setis/ude.hnu.2