Antenas

Professor: PhD. Walter Orozco Tupacyupanqui

Universidad Politécnica Salesiana
Cindy Romero, Ivan Llivisaca, Luis Piña, Jonathan Yunga

Ejercicio 2.77

A uniform plane wave, with a power density of 10 mwatts/cm2, is impinging upon a half wavelength
dipole at an angle normal/perpendicular to the axis of the dipole. Determine the:

(a) Maximum effective area (in λ2) of the lossless dipole element. Assume the dipole has a
directivity of 2.148 dB, it is polarized matched to the incident wave and it is mismatched,
with reflection coefficient of 0.2. to the transmission line it is connected.
(b) Physical area (in λ2). Assume the physical area of the dipole is equal to its lengthwise cross
sectional area; the dipole diameter is λ/300.
(c) Aperture efficiency (in %).
(d) Maximum power the dipole will intercept and deliver to a load. Assume a frequency of
operación of 1 GHz.

𝐷𝑜 = 2.148𝑑𝐵

𝜆2
𝐴𝑒𝑚 = ( ) . 𝑒𝑐𝑑(1 − |Γ 2 |)|𝑝𝑤 ̂ |2 . 𝐷𝑜
̂ . 𝑝𝑎
4𝜋

Γ = 0.2

𝐷𝑜 = 2.148𝑑𝐵

𝜆2
𝐴𝑒𝑚 = ( ) . (2.148𝑑𝐵)(0.2)
4𝜋

𝐴𝑒𝑚 = 0.034𝜆2

Physical area
𝜆 2 𝜋𝜆2
𝐴𝑝 = 𝜋 ( ) =( )
300 90000

Aperture efficiency
𝐴𝑒𝑚
𝑒𝑎𝑝 =
𝐴𝑝

0.034𝜆2
𝑒𝑎𝑝 =
𝜋𝜆2
( )
90000
Ejercicio 2.111

The effective antenna temperature of an antenna looking toward zenith is approximately 5 K

Assuming that the temperature of the transmission line (waveguide) is 72◦F, find the effective
temperature at the receiver terminals when the attenuation of the transmission line is 4 dB/100 ft and
its length is
(a) 2 ft (b) 100 ft
Compare it to a receiver noise temperature of about 54 K.

𝑇𝑎 = 𝑇𝐴𝑒 −2𝛼𝑙 + 𝑇𝑂(1 − 𝑒 −2𝛼𝑙 )

𝑇𝑎 = 5°𝐾

5
𝑇𝑜 = 72°𝐹 = (72 − 32) + 273 = 295.2°𝐾
9

−4𝑑𝐵 = 20 log10 𝑒 −𝛼

−𝛼(20) log10 𝑒 −𝛼 = −𝛼(20)(0.434)

4 𝑁𝑒𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠
𝛼= = 0.460 = 0.0046𝑁/𝑓𝑡
8.68 100𝑓𝑡

a) 2 ft

𝑇𝑎 = 5𝑒 −2(0.0046)(2) + 295.2(1 − 𝑒 −2(0.0046)(2) ) = 10.29°𝐾

(c) 100 ft

𝑇𝑎 = 5𝑒 −2(0.0046)(100) + 295.2(1 − 𝑒 −2(0.0046)(100) ) = 179.72°