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6. Derive the describing function of relay with

hysteresis and dead-zone. 15
H-21
Unit IV
B. Tech. EXAMINATION, May 2017
7. Differentiate between function and functional.
(Eighth Semester)
How do we find out increment and variation
(Main & Re-appear)
of a functional ? State and explain the
fundamental theorem of the calculus of (EE, IC)
variations. 15 EE-402-B
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS
8. Derive the conditions to be satisfied to find
extremal for the functional depending upon
Time : 3 Hours] [Maximum Marks : 75
single function where all the end points are
fixed. 15 Before answering the question-paper candidates
should ensure that they have been supplied to correct
and complete question-paper. No complaint, in this
regard, will be entertained after the examination.

Note : Attempt Five questions in all, selecting at

least one question from each Unit. All
questions carry equal marks.

M-H-21 4 380 (3-38/19)M-H-21 P.T.O.

 Unit I
1. Discuss the concepts of state, state variables
and state model. What are the advantages of
state variable analysis approach ? Explain the
state-space representation using
variables with an example of RLC network.
2. (a) What do you mean by observability of
control systems ? How do we check the
observability using Kalman’s test ?
Examine the observability of a linear
time-invariant system given below :
 x1  0 1 0   x1  0 
 x   0 0 1   x   0  u
 2   2  
 x3  0 2 3  x3  1 
 x1 
y  3 4 1  x2 
 x3 
M-H-21 2 (3-38/20)M-H-21
(b) Consider a system with the state model :
X   0 1  X   0  u;
 2 3  2
   
0
X(0)   
1 
physical
Compute the state transition matrix. 15
15 Unit II
3. Define phase plane and phase plan portrait.
Discuss the method of isoclines to construct
phase plane trajectories. 15
4. What are limit cycles and singular points ?
How do we define stability using phase plane
analysis ? Discuss the phase plane portrait of
second order systems with nonlinearities. 15
Unit III
5. Define describing function. What are the
advantages of describing function analysis for
nonlinear control systems ? Explain the
prediction of stability of systems using
describing function analysis. 15
3 P.T.O.