Mathematics Grade-6

Exercise-13.3

Q.N. 1

Solution:

Basket-ball Globe Tennis ball

Q.N. 2

Solution:

Birthday cap Bush Ice cream cone

Q.N. 3

Solution:

Dice Rubic's cube Sugar cube

Q.N. 4

Solution:

Book Refrigerator Pencil box

Q.N. 5

Solution:

Q.N. 6

Solution:

Polyhedral or Euler’s Formula:

If we count the number of faces, vertices and edges of a polyhedron, we can discover an
interesting fact. The number of faces plus the number of vertices minus the number of edges
equals to 2.

𝐹 + 𝑉– 𝐸 = 2

Where, 𝐹 = Number of faces, 𝑉 = Number of vertices and 𝐸 = Number of Edges

a) Cuboids

A cuboids has

𝐹 = 6, 𝑉 = 8 and 𝐸 = 12

𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = 𝐹 + 𝑉 – 𝐸

= 6 + 8 – 12 = 14 − 12 = 2

= 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆
Hence, polyhedron formula verified.

b) Square pyramid

A square pyramid has

𝐹 = 5, 𝑉 = 5 and 𝐸 = 8

𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = 𝐹 + 𝑉 – 𝐸

= 5 + 5 – 8 = 10 − 8 = 2

= 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆

Hence, polyhedron formula verified.

c) Pentagonal prism

A pentagonal prism has

𝐹 = 7, 𝑉 = 10 and 𝐸 = 15

𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = 𝐹 + 𝑉 – 𝐸

= 7 + 10 – 15 = 17 − 15 = 2

= 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆

Hence, polyhedron formula verified.

Exercise-14.1

Q.N. 1

Solution:

Note book Table Cricket ball Bottle Football

Q.N. 2
Solution:

Q.N.3

Solution:

a) Symmetric,

b) Symmetric,

c) Symmetric,

d) Symmetric,

e) Symmetric,

f) Asymmetric,

g) Symmetric,

h) Symmetric,

i) Symmetric,

j) Symmetric,
Q.N. 4

Solution:
 Exercise-14.3

Q.N. 1

Solution:

a) Mirror image of A is A.

b) Mirror image of is .

c) Mirror image of is .

d) Mirror image of is .

e) Mirror image is .

Q.N. 2

Solution:

𝑄, 𝑅, 𝑃, 𝑆, 𝐺, 𝐽, 𝑍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑁.

Q.N. 3

Solution:
 Exercise-15.1

Q.N. 1

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Open the compass for the required radius of 5.3 cm.

Step 2: Make a point with a sharp pencil, where we want the centre of circle to be drawn.

Step 3: Place the pointer of compasses on origin.

Step 4: Turn the compasses slowly to draw the circle.

It is the required circle.

Q.N. 2

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Mark a point ‘O’ with a sharp pencil, where we want the centre of the circle to be
drawn.

Step 2: Open the compass taking a length of 4.5 cm.

Step 3: Place the pointer of the compass on O.

Step 4: Turn the compass slowly to draw the circle.

Step 5: Again open the compass taking the length of 3.5 cm and place the pointer of the
compass on O.

Step 6: Turn the compass slowly to draw the second circle of radius 3.5 cm.

Step 7: Again, open the compass taking a length of 2.5 cm and place the pointer of the compass
on O.

Step 8: Turn the compass slowly to draw the third circle of radius 2.5 cm.

These are the required concentric circles.

Q.N. 3

Solution

If the diameters are perpendicular to each other, then by joining the ends of two diameters, we get a
square. By measuring,

We find that 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐶𝐷 = 𝐷𝐴 = 6 𝑐𝑚, i.e., all four sides are equal.

Also, ∠𝐴 = ∠ 𝐵 = ∠𝐶 = 𝐿 ∠𝐷 = 90°, i.e. each angle is of 90°.

Hence, it is a square.

Q.N. 4

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Mark point ‘A’ as centre.

Step 2: We measure 5.7 cm using ruler and compass.

Step 3: Keeping the compass open of same length.

We keep pointer end at the centre and draw the circle using the pencil end of the compass.

This is circle with centre ‘A’ and radius 5.7 cm.

Step 4: Points marked as directed-

a) ‘A’ is the centre of the circle.

b) ‘B’ is on the circle.

c) ‘C’ is in the interior of the circle.

d) ‘D’ is on the exterior of the circle.

Q.N. 5

Solution:

We can draw infinitely many circles from one point and two points because if a unique circle
has to determined, we need at least 3 points.

Exercise-15.2

Q.N. 1

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Place the zero mark of the ruler at a point ‘A’.

Step 2: Mark a point ‘B’ at a distance of 6.8 𝑐𝑚 from ‘A’.

Step 3: Join AB.

̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 is the required line segment of length 6.8 cm.
Q.N. 2

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Draw a line ′𝑙′. Mark a point ‘A’ on this line.

Step 2: Place the compass pointer at zero mark of the ruler. Open it to place the pencil point up
to 4.8 𝑐𝑚 mark.

Step 2: Without changing the opening of the compasses. Place the pointer on ‘A’ and cut an
arc ′𝑙′ at ‘B’.

̅̅̅̅ is the required line segment of the length 4.8 cm.

𝐴𝐵

Q.N. 3

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Place the zero mark of the ruler at ‘A’.

Step 2: Mark a point ‘B’ at a distance of 8.1 𝑐𝑚 from ‘A’.

Step 3: Again, mark a point C at a distance of 3.9 𝑐𝑚 from A.

̅̅̅̅ = ̅̅̅̅
∴ Measure 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐵 − ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶

⇨ 8.1 − 3.9 = 4.2 𝑐𝑚

Q.N. 4

Solution:

Steps of construction:

(i) Draw a line l.

(ii) Construct AB such that length of AB = length of DB

(iii) Then, cut off DB such that DB = AB.

(iv) Thus, the length of AC and the length of DB added together make twice the length of CD.

Hence, by measurement, we find that 𝐴𝐵 = 3.9 𝑐𝑚 + 3.9 𝑐𝑚 = 7.8 𝑐𝑚

Q.N. 5

Solution:

(i) Draw a line l.

(ii) Construct AD such that length of AD is 5.5 cm.

(iii) Also, construct XZ such that length of XZ is 2.3 cm.

(iv) The length of AD and the length of XZ added together make the length of RS.

Hence, by measurement, we find that 𝑅𝑆 = 5.5 𝑐𝑚 + 2.3 𝑐𝑚 = 7.8 𝑐𝑚

(v) Also, construct RS such that length of RS is 7.8 cm.

(vi) The length of RS and the length of XZ subtracted to make the length of GH.

Hence, by measurement, we find that 𝑅𝑆 = 5.5 𝑐𝑚 − 2.3 𝑐𝑚 = 3.2 𝑐𝑚

(iii) Also, construct GH such that length of GH is 3.2 cm.

 Exercise-15.3

Q.N. 1

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Draw a line 𝑥. Mark a point A on it.

Step 2: Place the metal point of the compass on A and open the other arm so that the pencil
point is at B. The opening of the compass gives the length equal to ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑄.

Step 3: Without changing the opening in the compass, place the metal point on P. Draw an arc
that cuts 𝑥 at a point,say,Q.

̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 is the required copy of 𝑃𝑄.
 𝑥 A B P Q

Q.N. 2

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Draw a line 𝑙. Mark a point P on a line l.

Step 2: Place the compass pointer on the zero mark of the ruler. Open it to place the pencil
point up to 5 cm(let) mark.

Step 3: Taking caution that the opening of the compass has not changed, place the pointer on P
and swing an arc to cut l at Q.

Step 4:̅̅̅̅̅
PQ is the line segment of required length.

P Q l

Q.N. 3

Solution:

(i) Place the zero mark of the ruler at point X.

(ii) Mark a point Y at some distance from X.

(iii) Join XY.

̅̅̅̅̅is the required line segment of the length of XY.

Hence, 𝑋𝑌
 Exercise-15.5

Q.N. 1

Solution:

Q.N. 2

Solution:

Q.N. 4

Solution:

Steps of construction:

Step 1: Draw a line PQ and take a point O on it.

Step 2: Taking O as centre and convenient radius, draw an arc which intersects PQ at A and B.

Step 3: Taking A and B as centers and radius more than half of AB, draw two arcs which
intersect each other at C.

Step 4: Join OC. Thus, ∠COQ is the required right angle.

Step 5: Taking B and E as centre and radius more than half of BE, draw two arcs which intersect
each other at the point D.
 ̅̅̅̅ is the required bisector of ∠𝐶𝑂𝑄.
Step 6: Join OD. Thus, 𝑂𝐷

Q.N. 6

Solution:

Exercise-16.2

Q.N. 1

Solution:

Taking a scale: 1 = 50 Books

Day of the week Books

Monday

Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday

Friday

Q.N. 2

Solution:

Taking a scale: 1 = 10 cars

Cars Model Number of cars sold

Maruti Alto

Santro

Indigo

Ritz

I-10

Q.N. 3

Solution:

a) 3 × 10 = 30

b) Wednesday

c) (3 + 2 + 1 + 4 + 2 + 4 + 5) × 10

= 21 × 10 = 210

d) Sunday, 5 × 10 = 50

Q.N. 4

Solution:

1 = 10,000 cell phones

Years Sell on Mobiles
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010

Q.N. 5

Solution:

1 = 5 successful students

Subjects Number of students passed

English
Hindi
Mathematics
Social Science
Science

Q.N. 6

Solution:

Since, each image represents 4 trees.

a. Mango trees = 4 × 4 = 16

b. Apple trees = 4 × 5 = 20

c. Neem trees = 4 × 3 = 12

d. Total number of images = 4 + 3 + 5 = 12

∴ Total number of trees = 12 × 4 = 48