Mathematics 10: MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY Handout

*Summary Measures is a ________________ that we *From Table 1:

compute from a collection of measurements in order to
1829
________________ one of the collection’s particular Mean = = 26.13
70
characteristics.

*______________ - extreme values 2. MEDIAN - center of the _____________

Measure of Central Tendency -divides the array into two equal parts

-a single value that can be used to represent all the -useful statistic if you think your data
have some extreme cases.
other values in the collection.
-tells us where the ________________ of the Approximating the Median for Grouped Data (FDT)
distribution lies
Step 1: Calculate _____________,
Table1: where n = total number of observations = ∑𝑘𝑖=1 𝑓𝑖

Class Interval fi CB Xi <CF fi Xi Step 2: Construct the ____________

8 – 11 1 7.5 – 11.5 9.5 1 9.5
Step 3: Starting from the lowest class interval, locate
12 – 15 3 11.5 – 15.5 13.5 4 40.5
the value in the <CF column that is greater than or
16 – 19 9 15.5 – 19.5 17.5 13 157.5
equal to n/2 for the _____________. The class interval
20 – 23 10 19.5 – 23.5 21.5 23 215
corresponding to that value is the ______________.
24 – 27 11 23.5 – 27.5 25.5 34 280.5
28 – 31 25 27.5 – 31.5 29.5 59 737.5
Step 4: Approximate the median using the formula
32 – 35 6 31. 5 – 35.5 33.5 65 201
given below:
36 – 39 5 35.5 – 39.5 37.5 70 187.5 𝑛
− <𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑−1
2
𝑀𝑑 = 𝐿𝐶𝐵𝑀𝑑 + 𝐶 ( 𝑓𝑀𝑑
)

where
1. MEAN -center of __________
LCBMd ______________________________________
Approximating the Mean for Grouped Data (FDT)
C ______________________________________
∑𝑘
𝑖=1 𝑓𝑖 𝑋𝑖
Population mean: μ= N _____________________________________
𝑁
<CFMd-1 _____________________________________
∑𝑘
𝑖=1 𝑓𝑖 𝑋𝑖
Sample mean: 𝑋̅ = 𝑛 fMd ______________________________________

where 𝑓𝑖 = ___________________________
𝑋𝑖 = ____________________________________
k = ____________________________________
𝑘
N or n = ___________________________ = ∑ 𝑓𝑖
𝑖=1
*From Table 1:

n/2 = 70/2 = 35

The median class is 28 – 31 since the <CF of the interval Approximating the Mode for Grouped Data
28 – 31 is 59 which is the value that is greater than or
Step 1: Locate the ______________ which is the class
equal to 35 for the first time from the top.
interval with the highest frequency.
35 − 34 Step 2: Approximate the mode using the following
Md = 27.5 + 4 ( ) = 𝟐𝟕. 𝟔𝟔
25
formula:

3. MODE - center _________________________

𝑓𝑀𝑜 − 𝑓1
>observed value that occurs with the Mo = 𝐿𝐶𝐵𝑀𝑜 + 𝐶 ( )
2𝑓𝑀𝑜 − 𝑓1 − 𝑓2
greatest frequency data set.
where
>outliers ____________________
𝐿𝐶𝐵𝑀𝑜 _______________________________________________
>will ____________________; and if it
𝐶 _______________________________________________
does, _______________________
𝑓𝑀𝑜 _______________________________________________
>mode is generally not as useful a
𝑓1 _______________________________________________
measure of central tendency as
𝑓2 _______________________________________________
_________________________when the data
consist of only a few numbers
*From Table 1:

Class interval 28 – 31 is the modal class because it has

the highest frequency.

25 − 11
Mo = 27.5 + 4 ( ) = 𝟐𝟗. 𝟐
2(25) − 11 − 6