Individual Assignment 4

Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (AE-6872)

Case Studies with ANSYS Workbench fluent and (CFX)
Objectives
The aims of this simulation are to
1. Create a aerodynamic performance of vehicles simulation appropriate for turbulence
modeling.
2. Determine the effects of different meshing schemes.
3. Simulate turbulent flow and compare with each other.
4. Determine the effects of different turbulence models.
5. Understand the relevant flow characteristics.
6. Prepare a concise and well-written professional report.
1. Problem Description:
The aerodynamic performance of vehicles can be improved by utilizing
computational fluid dynamics simulation. In this case study, we conduct fluid analysis
of the air flow passing through a truck. Assume air at room temperature of 25°C for the
flow field with an air velocity of 40 km/h blowing from left to right. Use nonslip
boundary conditions along the walls of the truck and the ground surface. Find the
airflow pattern as well as the pressure and velocity distributions of the flow field around
the truck.

Required Discussions
1. Compare the following meshing schemes: (a) uniform structured quadrilateral mesh;
(b) non-uniform structured quadrilateral mesh with mesh refinement in appropriate
regions (with similar number of cells); and (c) unstructured triangular mesh with
refinement in appropriate regions (with similar number of cells). Discuss the
differences and the necessity of mesh refinement.
2. Using the best mesh determined from (1), run the case using appropriate settings for (a)
a standard k-e turbulence model and (b) a realizable k-e turbulence model. Determine
which model gives the better prediction. Discuss the differences between the k-e
models, referring to their characteristic equations.
3. Discuss the relevant flow characteristics of the simulation
 Figure 1: 3D vehicle modeling for CFD fluid flow (CFX) analysis

2. Problem Description:
Conduct fluid analysis of the air flow passing through an S-pipe. Assume
nonslip boundary conditions along the pipe walls and the air is at a room temperature
of 25°C. The velocity of the air is 5 mm/s at the inlet and the outlet is at atmospheric
pressure. Determine the pressure and velocity distributions of the interior flow field.
➢ Using the best mesh determined from (1), run the case using appropriate settings
for (a) a standard k-e or (k-omega ) turbulence model and (b) a realizable k-e or
( k- omega) turbulence model.
➢ Determine which model gives the better prediction.

Figure 2: S - pipe for CFD internal fluid flow analysis

While doing the assignment the following questions should be answered
1. What is CFD?
2. What are the limitations and disadvantages of using CFD?
3. Why is it important to correctly define the computational domain for the fluid-flow
problem? Give an example.
4. What is the consequence of using a very fine mesh (i.e., a very large number of cells)
compared with using a coarse mesh (i.e., a small number of cells)?
5. What is the main purpose of a CFD solver?
6. What does the convergence criterion control?
7. What is the main purpose of the post-processing stage?
8. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of discretization of the governing
equations through the finite-volume method?
9. Is finite-difference more suited for structured or for unstructured mesh geometries?
Why?
10. The Reynolds number is a ratio of two fluid properties. What are they?
11. Is the direct method or the iterative method more suitable in solving for a large system
of non-linear equations?
12. What is the purpose of the SIMPLE scheme? Does it give us a direct solution or
depend on the iterative concept?
Format of Assignment
The assignment that include: -
1. Cover page
2. Content
3. Introduction
4. Main your assignment work
5. Conclusion
6. References
Date of submission: The dead line is one week before final exam of second semester)