SMART ENERGY METER USING ARDUINO AND GSM SIM900A

Table of Contents
Chapter 1 – Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2
Chapter 1.1 Objective of this chapter: .............................................................................. 2
Chapter 1.2 Project Background ....................................................................................... 2
Chapter 1.2.1 Current Scenario..................................................................................... 2
Chapter 1.2.2 Problem statement and motivation ...................................................... 3
Chapter 1.3 Approaches taken.......................................................................................... 4
Chapter 1.4 Project as a solution ...................................................................................... 4
Chapter 1.5 Projects Aims and Objectives ...................................................................... 5
Chapter 1.5.1 Aim ............................................................................................................ 5
Chapter 1.5.2 Objectives ................................................................................................ 5
Chapter 1.6 Structure of the report ................................................................................... 5
Chapter 1.7 Summary of the chapter ............................................................................... 6
Chapter 1 – Introduction
Chapter 1.1 Objective of this chapter:
The objective of this chapter is to provide the overview and total idea of the project
“Smart Electric Energy Meter using Arduino”. It also provides the core concept of the
project and to introduce the problem background as planned. This chapter helps to
initiate the project by introducing different project aspects:
1. Project background
2. Current scenario
3. Problem statement and motivation
4. Approaches taken
5. Project as a solution
6. Aims and objectives
7. Project plan

Chapter 1.2 Project Background

Chapter 1.2.1 Current Scenario
According to report of ‘department for Business, Energy & industrial Strategy of UK’.
UK government install 11 Million of smart meter in domestic and non-domestic site. At
the end 2020 smart metering programme aims will be achieved by installing 53 million
smart meters. It estimated that smart meters will take £300 million off consumer’s bills
in 2020, rising to more than £1.2 billion a year by 2030- an average annual saving of
£47 per household. Further this report provides a smart meter penetration rate of
electric meters by region. All together 800 Million of smart meter would have been
installed globally by 2020. While Europe leads the penetration rate- growing from 15%
in 2010 to 85% in 2020. China will be the largest install based with over 435 million of
meters followed by the US with 135 million meters.
According to the report which is published in Kathmandu post, Nepal electricity
authority (NEA) are planning to replace around 90,000 traditional analog meter with
smart meter for testing purpose. Further, NEA published a report about Kathmandu
valley smart metering project, in this report they are planning to install 90,000 digital
meter and smart meter. further details information is in Project folder.

Chapter 1.2.2 Problem statement and motivation

In Nepal. The current electricity billing system is completely manual. The electric meter
is situated in the house, office and factories etc. the energy meter reading is collected
by meter readers on their fortnightly or monthly visits to the premises. This system has
disadvantage of appointing meter reader to take the meter reading, effects consumer
privacy etc. according to report of smart meter project which was published by
Government of Nepal ministry of communication and IT. Nepal has one of the highest
electricity output losses globally, recording 22.9% in 2017 during the transmission and
distribution process. NEA plan and leading several projects to improve this problem
by implementation smart metering, smart grid project. After implementing this system
meter loss analysis, advance analytics solutions of track energy consumption and
check power thefts is possible which helps to reduce problems. Some of the problem
observed in analog meter reading are as follows:

 Meter reading and other related task like bill payment and line cut system are
performed by many staffs. i.e. large number of employees are required.
 Billing errors due to careless of staff (human errors).
 In context of Nepal (meter reading is carried out in once in 3 months due to
road condition and situation of place. So, it creates a lot of problems to
consumers) source: NEA (NEA.org.np)
Case Study: According to “Digital tech addressing Brazil’s power theft crisis. Rising
incident of electricity theft in Brazil was costing its government billons in lost revenue.
On average, 8% of energy in Brazil was stolen from grid each year, reaching a
staggering 40% in some areas.”

Solution: Siemens used innovation Smart Meter software to access, collect and
process data from meters. Integration the platform with the billing and management
system to ensure efficient energy billing to users. Implementing smart energy reading
system can solve different problem.

Chapter 1.3 Approaches taken

The following approach will be adopted during the construction of the proposal system:
1. A detail study will be carried out on the problem domain.
2. A workable and familiar with client product will be designed.
3. Detail requirement of hardware and software of smart meter will be gathered
4. Design a workable and practicable, feasible smart energy meter.
Chapter 1.4 Project as a solution
The main solution of the above mention problem is to change Analog Meter Reading
(AMR) to digital(smart) meter reading system. On digital energy meter data of meter
is passed through user by SMS services. On my purposed system. The analog meter
used to detected pulse of analog meter and count it with serial monitor. Send the
information of analog meter which consists of unit, price of energy consumed by
analog meter. Traditional meter reading system has lots of drawback and to overcome
this system we can used or implemented the Smart energy system. According to client
review and google survey the result was against traditional meter.
According to the survey of Smart energy meter, before and after using Smart energy
meter in whole world is shown in below. User of smart energy meter reliability changes
into 38% as before.
In overall, this project can be a solution for traditional meter reading system. Proposed
system is more effective, workable, managed and give less error ratio than traditional
meter reading system.

Chapter 1.5 Projects Aims and Objectives

Chapter 1.5.1 Aim
The main aim of this final year project is to develop a user-friendly Arduino
based energy meter and send information of meter through GSM module via SMS to
the user.

Chapter 1.5.2 Objectives

The various objectives followed during this project are as listed below in accordance
to the selected methodology i.e. Dynamic System Development Method are as follow:
 Understanding of current scenarios in the field of Smart Energy meter
technology.
 Extensive analysis of existing Smart energy meter
 To develop a smart energy meter that sends information of meter through user
using SMS services.
 To implement the knowledge if hardware, software and programming language
on IOT projects.
 To understand and deal with a client for this project as a part of requirement.
 Proper testing of the software and hardware to detect and solve existing
problems or issues in the system. It is done using Black Box Testing and White
Box Testing.
 Evaluation of the software and features by comparing its results with that of
similar standard systems.
 In-depth research on Smart energy meter system to implement the system.
 Detail analysis and research of similar systems like smart energy meter using
WIFI module, theft detection mechanism and GSM modem to obtain their
working mechanism and limitations.
 The main purpose of the intended system is to send SMS to user about the
information of meter reading system.
 Proper testing of the software and hardware component and solve existing
problems or issues in the system. It is done using Testing.

Chapter 1.6 Structure of the report

The main aims and objectives of this project are clearly described. About the
background of this project, it is described properly. The methodology part is clearly
shown, and development part is described and after that progress of this project is
shown.
This project includes following categories and the report structure is:
 1. Introduction: In this part of the project brief of the topic and its implications are
described. It also clarifies the project, what tools and techniques are used for
the implementation.
2. Aims and Objectives: In this section aims and objectives of the project are
covered. What are aims of the project? What are the objectives of the project?
3. Literature Review (Similar project):
4. Methodology/ Development:
5. Feasibility Study:
6. Business Stage:
7. Functional Model Iteration:
8. Design and Build Iteration:
9. Implementation:
10. Social and Ethical Issues: while working on this project does anyone were
offended or any region, tribes or part of the population has affected is described
in this section.
11. Conclusion: in this section the project is concluded, and the project
improvements and future implementations are described.
Chapter 1.7 Summary of the chapter
This chapter provides the glimpse of the project and its overview. This chapter gave
the motivation to start the project.