DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES

DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT-3

NAME:SREYA P S
REG NO:16BCL1015

IS 805-WATER TANKS
 Tank shall mean an elevated tank,‘a standard $iPe or a
reservoir.
 For joint in tanks, the efficiency factors given in 9.2 to 9.4 shall. ‘be
applied to butt welds and fillet welds.

 For all types of butt welds, for tank plate construction 0.85 shall be
Taken as the joint efficiency factor.

 The minimum thickness of metal shall be 6’0 mm except in roofs

land railings.

 The vertical joints between the shell plates shall be designed for
the tension due to hydrostatic pressure on the shell.

 The joint between the shell and the flat bottom shall consist of a
continuous fillet weld on both sides of the shell plate .

 Bottom plates for tank over 15 m in diameter shall be 8 mm thick.

 Inside and outside steel ladders arranged for convenient
passage from one to the other and through the roof hatch shall be
provided.
  Ladders shall not interfere with opening of the hatch-cover and
shall not incline outward from the vertical at any point. Ladders
fixed to the tank side are preferred. Welding of ladders to the tank
shell is permitted. Ladders may be of welded construction.
 Tank shell, tank bottom on grillage beams, or large riser shall be
tested by filling with water and constantly inspecting all visible
joints carefully. If any leaks or other defects are discovered, the
water level shall be lowered immediately. Welded joints shall not
be tested by hammering.
 Repairs of welding by hammering of welded joints shall not be
 attempted while the tank is full. Welded joints shall be repaired
only after lowering the water at least 60 cm below the joint to be
repaired, or after completely draining. Repair shall consist of
chipping or melting out of all defective metal and rewelding to
give full strength.
 Unless specified otherwise, all surfaces inaccessible after riveting
or intermittent welding shall be given two coats of red lead paint
conforming to IS : 2074-1962* before assembly. Welds and adjacent
arent metal shall not be painted prior to cleaning, inspection and
approval.

IS : 11384 – 1985 –Composite

structures
 Composite Members - Structural members consisting of steel structural
units, rolled or built up and cast in-situ concrete connected together in such
a manner that they act monolithically.

 Shear Connectors - Steel element, such as stud, bar, spiral or any other
similar device welded to the top flange of the steel section and intended to
transmit the horizontal shear between the steel beam and the cast in-situ
concrete, and also to prevent vertical separation at the interface.

 A composite structure or part of it, is considered unfit for use when it

exceeds a particular state called the limit state, beyond which it infringes
one of the criteria governing its performance or use. The tit states can
be classified into categories:
a) the ultimate limit states, which are those corresponding to the
maximum load-carrying capacity;

b) the serviceability limit states, which are related to the criteria

governing normal use and durability.

 In steel-concrete composite structures used in buildings, the significant

ultimate limit states to be considered are listed below:
a) collapse due to flexural failure of one or more critical sections,
b) collapse due to horizontal shear failure at the interface between
the steel beam and the concrete slab, and
c) collapse due to vertical separation of the concrete slab from the
steel beam.

 The important serviceability limit states to be considered are:

a) limit state of deflection, and
b) limit state of stresses in concrete and steel.

 LIMIT STATE OF COLLAPSE : FLEXURE

Assumptions --Design for the limit state of collapse in flexure shall be

based on the assumptions given below:
a) Plane sections normal to the axis remain plane after bending;
b) The maximum strain in concrete at the outermost compression
fibre is taken as 0.003 5 in bending;
c) The stress-strain curve for concrete may be taken to be the same
as in Fig. 20 of IS : 456-1978”
d) The tensile strength of the concrete is ignored; and
e) The stress-strain curve for the steel section shall be assumed to be
the same as in Fig. 22B of IS : 456-1978*.

For determining the position of plastic neutral axis and ultimate moment
of resistance the Appendix A may be followed.

LIMIT STATE OF COLLAPSE : HORIZONTAL SHEAR AT THE

INTERFACE BETWEEN STEEL BEAM AND THE CONCRETE
SLAB
 Mechanical shear connectors should be provided to transmit the
horizontal
shear between the steel beam and the concrete slab, ignoring the
effect of any bond between the two.
  The number of connectors should be calculated to resist the maximum
value of the total horizontal shear force to be transmitted at collapse between
points of maximum and zero moment.

 The values for other type of connectors may be determined

experimentally by shear tests carried out in accordance with 9.9.
The design value of a shear connector is taken at 67 percent of the ultimate
capacity.
 Where there is a concrete haunch with a slope steeper than 1 vertical
to 3 horizontal between the top flange of the steel beam and the underside
of the concrete slab, the value of the shear connector should in all cases be
based on shear tests in accordance with 9.9 incorporating the proposed
haunch and reinforcement.
 The number of connectors as determined above may normally be
uniformly spaced between each end of the beam and the section of
maximum moment. Where the composite beam supports heavy
concentrated loads,the procedure laid down in Appendix B may be
followed.
The spacing of connectors should not be greater than four times the slab
thickness nor greater than 600 mm. The distance between the edge of the
connector and the edge of the plate or flange to which it is connected shall
not be less than 25 mm.

IS : 804 -1967
RECTANGULAR PRESSED STEEL
TANKS

 This specification lays down the requirements for the materials,

fabrication,
erection and supply of rectangular pressed steel tanks used for the
storage of cold and hot water and certain other liquids under pressure not
greater than the static head corresponding to the depth of the tank.

 This specification does not cover the requirements of tanks storing

liquids having temperature higher than l00 degree C, or those tanks subject 'to
earth or other external pressures besides wind pressure.
  The nominal size of unit plate shall be 1·25 m square, the actual overall
dimensions depending upon the particular manufacturer of the plates, . The
size of tanks shall be specified as multiples of the nominal dimensions of
1-25 m, The nominal capacity shall be based upon the nominal dimensions
of the tank, for example, 1-25 X 1·25 X ,]-25 m equals 1950 Iitres, .

 The minimum nominal thickness of plates used for different depths of

tanks used for storage of cold liquids with specific gravity not exceeding 1-0

 In the case of hot liquids with specific gravity not exceeding 1-0,
the thickness of plates different depths of tanks shall conform to that laid
down in Table 5 execpt that no plate of the tank shan be less than 6-0 mm
.thick,

 Fabrication:The plates shall be heated unifonnly in a furnace and

formed in a
press, each of which be capable of taking the whole plate at one time.

 The flanges of the plates shall be pressed square or partly square and
partly at an angle of 45 de to the face of the plate or all 45° to the face of
the plate. All steel plates, ban and stays shall be carefully levelled and
straightened according to the approved methods such as hammering
before and after they are being punched or drilled if considered necessary
by the inspector. The width of the flanges. shall be suitable for the
connecting bolts used.

 All outside edges of gussets shall be cut. neatly and accurately and the
edges ground where necessary. All burrs left by the drill and the sharp
edges of all bolt hole, shall be completely removed. All steel work intended
to be riveted or bolted shall be completely in contact over the entire surface.

 All parts of steel tanks shall be coated with paint conforming to

IS : 158-1950 and the paint shall be suitable for storage of the liquid for
which the tank is intended.

 Pads for connection, tapped bosses, screwed flanges or sockets, as may

be required by the purchaser, shall be welded to the inside or outside or
bolted to the tank plate. Pads shall be seal welded and drilled and/or
tapped to suit flanges
  Single pads shall be provided for connections on one side of the
plate and double pads for connection on both sides of the plate.
 Tapped sockets shall conform to the requirements laid down in IS: 1239-
196411.Where possible, connections shall be so positioned as to avoid
the embossment of the plate