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in the field 3y h
Y Flow field of Temperature Htc
theory
Consider the wall
connectors
iron
na D Ts
kf.IT y o
h Ts Ta
2
Hence h Kf 1
7 0
4
But depends on the fluid motion
that in order to determine
The expression shows
must first determine the temperature
h we
wall
distribution in the
this fluid layer on the
Common classifications
External Internal
i Based on geometry
Natural forced
Driving mechanism
Based on number of phases Single multiple
Ky Nature of flow Laminal Turbulent
Need for fluid mechanics
drop Cord Drag for
i Determination of pressure
is a situation of
convective heat transfer
fluid flow
4 Governing equations of
Mass Moments Energy
V
Cartesian
i I 0
se
2 2
ay t
try 20 Cylindrical y
Vr
Two momentum equations
at Cartesian coordinates my
ssLu.ETei v Eff g
uG 1225yd
In
met oft fled Net force
Moments pressure wet viscous
by cylindrical coordinates
r D
tt
slur KEEF uLI
I.t3EIassLur
13273
2Y tua3IT 2rz mLIY EYE
Navier Stokes egration comment
if not to solve
They are
easy
24 Solutions are obtained for simple cases
Solutions are based on correlations
data
based on experimental
47 ex
daisy
2
9 duty 4 I
dy
Boundary layer theory
ay velo a.LT
daY kYI o.aau
e
0.99 Ua
Ua Too
1
It I
To Wall temperature To Ta
Dimensionless temperature
D Tweets
To Ta
Efsb HE
I E
To Wall temperature To Tw
characteristics
Boundary layer
compared to the dimension of
is A thin layer
1mm 6 few
cm
H
a
u
with
hey It simplifies
the momentum eggs
viscous term
terms containing
momentum equation
57 Consider the X
a slur v
EH E vk.F.IE
sLu 3Iai u.zuyJ 2Pa
t3hy
Y s
op oImplies PGD only
Tysituations Correlations based on
64 Most
experimental data
Fbo through duct Ii
Internal flow a
is
a
in constant GM V fluid properties
I I
d
i
pi
A 4S area
P Perimeter
developed flow
For laminar fully
f F Re
Laminar flow
Is
Ap 3298L f Rep
I
Experimental data
tentflog
Moody diagram
Aerofoil plate
fine
Stagnationpoint
cylinder Sphere
state
Floro over
flat plate
F.int oskn
foidtIEoeftiIartYLo
coe
Yamna
ddragcoeiaIi 1
cf.EE
eoiEgn.EE.Sua4aiYAr nt IotonterastrotestocA
to
wgedrIoeftia
Dragforay
Fang
Cfarge'T kfndk
Area
zoo Fo
M TA
Cf Local
8
eggnog
Ren
Average
on
aplate Kelvin
5
for Rectos
0.664 Rest Laminar
Cfa 5
1.328 Rei
Cfa
2
5 1052 Res lot
0 0592 RE Turbulent
Cfn 2.584
cop
Re
cfin o 37 dogwre.se
Laminar
REE 1742K
CFL 0.074
Turbulent
L I f faiamdu ftfaeu.de
o a
turbulent B L
Ua 17
Laminar BL Rq 5Xl
L
sew Nc
BL
Turbulent
Rough
Von Kamar
Flow over
cylinder vortices
5
Eno
Rep
_Iq Iff
Cp THAI projected Area
blunt data
correlations from experimental
To 687T
10.41 Rep
0.12 Rep
O 2511
5.67 Rep 4L Replica
Cp
lad Rep LEGG
0.1525 544 Reps 104
Cb 0.310 Rep
104L Reb 2 105
1.14
Non dimensional numbers
SAI 1 er I
Re Fi v
Ev MAuz
in u SA u u FAR
FE Ma
Ev M A Zay a
M A Uz
pr nu
momentum dAmi
Pr HI I
m
MEL g
4
iy Solids
and Liquids a property tables
Need to develop the expression from
ii God
the ideal too
gas
I f
D SRT RT
P constant
d with respect 6 T
Differentiate
T.tl E I pE.I
into definition of B
Substituting
Tabulatetemp
B J
a
4
uoY fora_ Monjaras
n
2
viscous force
Gr
ftp.II.LI GAAI
Gr S
gp
4Th
g Bath
me a t.FI
47 Rayleigh nu ber Natural convection
Ra Gr Pr
Forced convection
57 Ped etnumbey
Pe Rex Pr
number Nu
ay Nusrett
Nu h Conductive resistance
convective resistance
conductive resistance
to
It is the ratio of
convective resistance
Nu 1 Connection is dominant
If
57 Stanton number t
into
of heat transferred
a
It is the ratio