 Size enlargement merupakan proses kebalikan

dari size reduction.
 Material yang berupa tepung/pellet diubah
menjadi material yang lebih besar ukuran
partikelnya.
 Tepung diubah menjadi pellet, pellet diubah
menjadi suatu barang
 Secara umum ada beberapa jenis proses size 
enlargement  dan peralatan yang sering dipakai :
1. Extrusion (Extruder)
2. Molding (Molder)
3. Granulation (Granulator)
Extruder
 Inside diameter of flange
⑤Hopper generally
L/D=20 to 30
⑥Screw

Shank diameter
③Paramax Drive Length of screw L(m)
⑦Metal die
Feeder Melt Measurement
Compression

Screw diameter D
②V-Belt

④Barrel

① Motor

Structure of single screw extruder

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Thermoplastic resin(TP) Thermosetting resin(TS)
can be repeatedly softened by an increase can be shaped only once
of temperature and hardened by a decrease
in temperature
Polyethylene (PE) Phenol resin (PF)
Polypropylene (PP) Amino resin
Poly vinyl chloride resin (PVC) Urea resin
Polystyrene (PS) (Styrene resin) MelamineFormaldehyde(MF)
AS resin, ABS resin, AAS resin Unsaturated polyester resin (UP)
Acrylic resin (PMMA) Epoxy resin
Polyamide (PA) (Nylon) Allyl resin (DAP)
Polycarbonate (PC) Silicone (SI)
Polyacetal (POM) Poly urethane (urethane resin PUR)
Polyphenylene oxide (PPE) Poly imide
Saturated polyester (PETP, PBTP) Poly amide imide (PAI)
Acetic acid cellulose (Cellulose acetate CA)
Poly acetic acid vinyl (PVAC)
Ethylene-vinylacetateco-polymer (EVA)
Fluorocarbon Resin
Chlorination polyvinylidene resin (PVDC)
Ionomer resins (IO)
Poly-4-methyl-1- pentene
Polyethersulfone (PES)
Polyphenylene Sulfide(PPS)
Polyarylate
Thermoplastic elastomer
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MOLDING
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Injection Molding
• Injection molding process
• Molding materials
• Machine
• Mold Construction
• Metal Injection Molding
 INTRODUCTION
PROCESS
• Mold Closing (Precise Mold Closing & external heating)
• Injection (filling of the mold cavity)
• Cooling (cooling of the material in the mould cavity)
• Ejection (molded part ejecting out of mold)

INJECTION MOLDING MATERIALS

• Thermoplastics
• Thermosets
• Elastomers
• Composites
 Injection molding process

1. Mold Closing
2. Injection
3. Cooling
4. Ejection
 Injection Molding Machine
Injection Unit in Molding Machine
Injection Mold
 Mold Construction
Mold Base

Mold base is a standard tool steel plate assembly

Consists of ejector mould plate, a cover plate, a fixed mould
plate, an ejector retaining plate, an ejector plate, rails and
mounting plates.(Highlighted in Red)
 Injection 
Channel

Injection channel is the passage through which

melt is forced into the mould cavity.(Sprue)
 Mold Closing & 
Opening

The Mold Closing is defined by parting line

Cavity 
Profiles

Cavity Profile filling is the formation of the part

 Heat Controlling 
System

Heat controlling system is constructed to keep

mould parts at right temperature
Mold Guiding 
System

Mold Guiding system is constructed to

facilitate the alignment of mold
Ejector System

Solidified part and dead heads are demoulded

with ejectors before new cycle begins
Mold & component

The Mold has a highly polished surface finish

on filling profiles and reflects on component
Cavity Half of
Mold
Core Half of
Mold
 Mold Geometry

Cams

Draft to be
provided on
Ejector System walls
The Core Half comprises of
Ejectors,Cams,Guiding mechanism etc..
This Mold is 144 Cavity Mold which yields 144
parts at one production cycle...
Design Part for
Manufacturibility

Design Part for

Moldability
Granulator
 Proses pembesaran ukuran menjadi granule atau
butiran lebih besar dari serbuk atau tepung halus
melalui pengadukan dan pemutaran serta
penambahan cairan pada butiran/tepung.
Granulator
‐ Tumbling granulator
‐ Mixer granulator
‐ Fluidized granulator
‐ Sentrifugal granulator
a. Tumbling granulator
Aglomerasi dengan cara tumbling dilakukan
dengan dua tahap yaitu pembentukan granul dengan
menggunakan fase cairan dan pengerasan dengan
pengeringan. Dalam tumbling granulator partikel dibentuk
atau diatur dengan gerakan tumbling. Gerakan ini
disebabkan oleh perbedaan keseimbangan antara gerakan
gravitasi dan gaya sentrifugal yang digunakan adalah disc 
dan drum granulator.
b. Mixer Granulator
Mixer granulator berisi agitator untuk mencampur partikel dan cairan yang 
akan menyebabkan granulasi

c. Fluidized granulator
Dalam granulator cair partikel dipersiapkan dengan gerakan oleh udara
dibandingkan dengan agitasi secara mekanik. Penerapannya meliputi pupuk, 
industri kimia, kimia pertanian, granulasi farmasi dan cakupan proses
perbandingan

d. Sentrifugal granulator
Setrifugal granulator jarang sekali digunakan dalam industri
farmasi, karena dics berotasi secara horizontal pada kecepatan tinggi
sehingga menyebabkan rotasi pembentukan pada dinding vessel