INTRODUCTION

This material is to help prepare you for the API 653 Certification Examination. Your degree
of proficiency in this material will be tested throughout the course.
The below listed references are indicated as the source of the answers next to each
question. To best prepare for the course and the examination, you should strive to
memorize these questions and answers.

REFERENCE INDEX
API 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage
API 651 Cathodic Protections of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tanks
API 652 Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms
API 653 Tank Inspections, Repair, Alteration and Reconstruction
API 2015 Preparing Tank Bottoms for Hot Work
Section V ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Nondestructive Examination
Section IX ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Brazing and Welding Qualifications.

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1) __________ is a change from previous operating conditions involving different
properties of the stored product such as specific gravity or corrosivity and / or
different service conditions of temperature and / or pressure"
(a) Re-rating; (b) Change in service;
(c) Repair; (d) Reconstruction

2) A __________ is a device used to determine the image quality of a radiograph.

(a) A step wedge comparison film; (b) A densitometer;

(c) A penetrameter (d) All of the above.

3) A corroded roof plate is found to have an average thickness of 0.1" measured over
an area of 100 sq. inches. This area shall be:-
(a) Repaired or replaced; (b) Found to be acceptable;
(c) Repair is prohibited; (d) Replacement is mandated

4) A double-welded butt joint is defined as:-

(a) A joint between two members that intersect at an angle between 0 degrees (a
butt joint) and 90 degrees (a corner joint).
(b) A joint between two abutting parts lying in approximately the same plane that is welded
from both sides.
(c) A joint whose size is equal to the thickness of the thinner jointed member.
(d) A joint between two overlapping members in which the overlapped edge is welded.

5) An external floating roof shall be provided with at least one manhole having a
minimum inside diameter of __________ inches.
(a) 18; (b) 15; (c) 24; (d) 30.

6) A formal Visual External inspection by a qualified inspector shall be done at least:-

(a) Every 5 years of ¼ CR life whichever is less
(b) Every 5 years of ½ CR life whichever is less
(c) Every 2 years
(d) Every 1- years or ¼ CR life whichever is greater

7) A full hydrostatic test (when required) shall be held for __________ hours:-
(a) 24; (b) 8; (c) 18; (d) 12

8) A full-fillet weld is a weld that:-

(a) Not less than 1/3 the thinner plate;
(b) The legs equal the thickness of the thinner plate;
(c) The largest isosceles triangle that can be inscribed within the cross section of the weld
(d) Is at least the thickness of the thicker plate?

9) A hot tap in a 1.25" thick tank with a minimum metal temperature of 65 oF at time of
hot tap, without having material toughness data is :-
(a) Not permitted; (b) permitted;
(c) Not enough information; (d) not addressed by the code

10) A hydrostatic test for a relocated tank:-

(a) May be waived by the Owner / Operator; (b) is required;
(c) May be waived by the Inspector; (d) is not necessary
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11) A liquid penetrant examiner must have vision to enable him to read Jagger Type 2
standard chart at a distance of not less than 12 inches and is capable of
distinguishing and differentiating contrast between colors used. Examiners shall be
checked __________ to ensure that they meet these requirements:-
(a) Quarterly; (b) Semi-Annually;
(c) Annually; (d) Bi-Annually.

12) A procedure qualification record (PQR) shall address:-

(a) non-essential variables;
(b) (b) essential variables;
(c) supplemental essential variables (when required);
(d) (d) both (b) and (c)

13) A radiograph is made using an X-ray source and two films in each film holder. For
composite viewing, each film of the composite shall have a minimum density of:-
(a) 4.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 2.0; (d) 1.3

14) A reconstructed tank with a total height of 25' has been determined to have an out-
of-plumpness of 2-3/4". This is:-
(A) Acceptable; (b) unacceptable;
(C) not covered by the code (d) corrected by eternal strengthening

15) A riveted tank shell with a butt joint has 3 rows. What is the joint efficiency?
(a) 0.75"; (b) 0.85"; (c) 0.90; (d) 0.91.

16) A SAW welding operator is attempting to quality by radiography on a 6 inch thick test
coupon. Elongated slag inclusions are measured to be 0.2 inch long.
(a) Must weld 2 additional coupons; (b) meets the requirements (passes)
(c) Slag must not exceed 0.5" (d) slag is not acceptable.

17) A self-supporting cone roof:-

(a) Is formed approximately to the surface of a right cone;
(b) Both a and d
(c) Has columns and / or rafters on trusses
(d) Is supported at the periphery.

18) A shell to bottom fillet weld for a Grade IV material shall be

(A) Made with at least 2 passed; (b) may be made with 1 pass
(c) Shall be at least 3 / 16" (d) both (a) and (c) above

19) A single film technique was used to make a radiograph using a Cobalt-60 source.
The minimum permitted density in the area of interest is:
(a) 4.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 2.0; (d) 1.3.

20) A supported cone roof:-

(a) Is formed approximately to the surface of a right cone;
(b) Both (a) and (c);
(C) has columns and / or rafters on trusses;
(d) Is supported at the periphery

21) A tank bottom depression is 9.125" deep; radius of depression is 22.5 feet. What is
the maximum depth of depression?
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 (a) 7.825"; (b) 8.062"; (c) 8.125"; (d) 8.325"

22) A tank bottom lining with a measured thickness of 15 mils should be tested with:-
(a) A high voltage detector in accordance with NACE RP0188;
(b) A low voltage (67.5 volts) wet sponge detector;
(c) A calibrated Ultrasonic tester;
(d) An Eddy Current lift-off detector;

23) A weld shall be unacceptable by Visual Inspection if the inspection shows which of
the following?
(a) The weld has no crater cracks or other surface cracks.
(b) Undercutting exceeds the limits given in 5.2.1.4 for vertical or horizontal butt joints.
(c) The frequency of surface porosity in the weld does not exceed one cluster (one or more
pores) in any four inches of length, and the diameter of each cluster does not exceed 3/32
inch.
(d) All of the above;

24) A weld with a nominal thickness of 1.5 inch is to be radio graphed using a film side
penetrameter, whole type. The penetrameter designation should be:-
(a) 25; (b) 30; (c) 35; (d) Both (a) and (b) are responsible;

25) A welder may deviate from the parameters specified in WPS if they are nonessential
variables:-
(a) Provided authorization from inspection is documented;
(B) provided the welding supervisor approves;
(c) No;
(d) Nonessential variables only apply to PQRs

26) A welder qualifies in the 3G position on a plate coupon, he is then qualified to weld
in the position(s) on NPS 6 pipes:-
(a) F, V; (b) F only; (c) F, V, O; (d) ALL

27) A welder who is qualified using a double-groove weld:-

(a) Is also qualified to make a single V-groove weld without backing;
(b) Is also qualified to make a single V-groove weld with backing;
(c) May weld in the 6G position;
(d) Must requalified every 2 months

28) A welder's ID must be placed at intervals not exceeding along completed welds:-
(a) One foot; (b) One and a half feet; (c) Two feet; (d) Three feet.

29) A welding procedure qualified on ¼ inch thick plate can be used to weld groove
welds in materials from to :-
(a) 3/16 to 3/4; (b) 1/16 to 3/4;
(c) 3/8 to 3/4; (d) 1/16 to 1/2.

30) A welding procedure qualified on 3/8" thick plate can be used to weld groove welds
in materials:-
(a) 3/16 to 3/4; (b) 1/16 to 3/4;
(c) 3/8 to 3/4; (d) 1/16 to 3/8.

31) A welding procedure qualified under the 1965 ASME Code Section IX:
(A) is obsolete;
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 (B) is still applicable;
(c) Must be re-qualified every 3 years when code is re-issued;
(d) Is not addressed by the code

32) Above-ground storage tank is defined as a stationary container with a barrel

capacity greater than:-
(a) 2000 barrels; (b) 300 barrels;
(c) 500 barrels; (d) 750 barrels.

33) Acceptance standards for MT examination shall be per:-

(a) AWS D-1.1;
(b) SNT-TC-1A;
(c) Appendix 6 of ASME Sect VII, div. 1
(d) Article 7 of ASME Sect V

34) All tanks shall be given a formal visual external inspection by an inspector at least:-
(a) Every 3 years or at quarter corrosion rate;
(b) Every 5 years or at quarter corrosion rate;
(c) Every 3 years or at half corrosion rate;
(d) Every 5 years or at half corrosion rate.

35) An external inspection may be used as an alternative to the internal inspection only
when:-
(a) Operations dictate;
(b) Construction allows external access to the tank bottom to determine thickness;
(c) All insulation is removed from the tank;
(d) No alternate is allowed.

36) Anticipated minimum thickness of tank bottom where bottom / foundation design
provides for leak detection and containment is:-
(a) 0.10"; (b) 0.05"; (c) 0.09";
(d) Same as without leak detection and containment.

37) Radiographic location markers are to be placed

(a) On the exposure holder / cassette; (b) on the part;
(c) Between the part and the film; (d) either (b) or (c) above

38) At what design metal temperature must impact tests be made for all weld metal and
procedures to be used?
(a) Below 32oF; (b) Below 20oF; (c) Below 15oF; (d) Below 10oF.

39) At what level is the atmosphere considered oxygen-deficient?

(a) Less than 19.5 %; (b) less than 21.9 %;
(c) Less than 24.9 %; (d) less than 16.0 %

40) Base metals are grouped into groupings according to their welding characteristics:-
(a) F-number; (b) AWS;
(c) A-number; (d) P-number.

41) Based on a measured corrosion of 0.006" annually and using a corrosion allowance
of 0.120", how long before the next UT thickness measurements are required?
(a) 10 years; (b) 36.5 years;
(c) 20 years; (d) 15 years.
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42) Based on variable-design point method, calculate the first course thickness,
exclusive of CA, for a 200 foot diameter tank, purchaser specified specific gravity of
1, 56 feet in height, using 96 inch courses with material stress of 23,000 psi. Design
is based on test conditions:-
(a) 0.853; (b) 0.934; (c) 1.239; (d) 1.220

43) Before elevating the operating temperature of a shell tank to a temperature above
200 degrees F, what document must be considered?
(a) API RP 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage;
(b) API 650, Appendix M;
(c) API RO 650, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Tanks;
(d) Publication 2207, Preparing Tank Bottoms for Work.

44) Bimetallic corrosion can occur when:-

(a) A bronze check valve is joined to steel piping;
(b) Either stainless steel or copper is connected to a steel tank;
(c) Neither (a) or (b);
(d) Both (a) and (b).

45) Bottom leak detection:-

(a) Can be detected by installation of cathodic protection;
(b) Can be detected by observation at a tell-tale hole;
(c) Is a hazard that can not be detected?
(d) Never happens when lining are properly installed.

46) Bottoms exceeding 100' diameter in tanks operating above 200 oF shall have:-
(a) Butt-welded annular bottom plates;
(b) Be made of a Group IV, V or VI material;
(c) Have a modulus of elasticity of 30,000,000;
(D) all of the above.

47) Hot water is defined as:-

(a) Work than can lead to fever;
(b) An operation that can produce a spark or flake hot enough to ignite flammable vapors;
(c) An atmosphere between the LEL and UEL;
(d) Both (a) and (c) above.

48) Cathodic protection is achieved by directing the flow of current from:-

(a) A cathode to an anode; (b) An anode to a cathode;
(c) Both installations are unacceptable; (d) neither (a) or (b).

49) Concrete rings shall be inspected for:-

(a) Broken concrete, spalling, cracks; (b) vegetation against tank;
(c) Holidays in paint; (d) only (a) and (b).

50) Construction, inspection and repair records shall be maintained by the:-

(a) Manufacturer; (b) Inspector;
(c) Owner / Operator; (d) Jurisdiction.

51) Describe how a liquid penetrant examination should be performed in order to detect
discontinuities, which are open to the surface:-

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 (a) Clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, remove excess penetrant,
inspect the part, clean the part;
(b) Clean the part, apply the penetrant, remove excess penetrant, apply the developer,
inspect the part, clean the part;
(c) Clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, inspect the part, remove
excess penetrant, clean the part;
(d) Clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, inspect the part, and clean the
part.

52) Determine the exact interval for ultrasonic thickness measurements for a tank with
17 mils of the original 25 mils corrosion allowance still remaining after 15 years?
(a) 5 years; (b) 15 years; (c) 23.875 years; (d) 31.875 years.

53) Determine the maximum allowable height for a 90 foot diameter tank based on a
maximum shell plate thickness of 0.5 inch and maximum allowable stress of 21,000
psi, with a joint efficiency of 0.85, and no corrosion allowance :-
(a) 29.6; (b) 35.3; (c) 39.1; (d) 43.9

54) Differential settlement leads to:-

(a) Potential floating roof hang up; (b) lack of circularity at the top;
(c) Oval shape at the top; (d) all of the above.

55) Distorted anchor bolts may indicate:-

(A) overpressure uplift condition; (b) foundation settlement;
(c) Both (a) and (b) above; (d) anchor bolts do not distort.

56) During an inspection, you are required to calculate the retirement thickness for the
bottom course of a tank. The information available is as follows:-
Diameter = 150 feet
Height = 40 feet
Specific gravity of contents = 0.77
Joint efficiency = 0.7
Material tensile strength is unknown
Material tensile strength is unknown;
Material maximum allowable stress is unknown.
(a) 0.050; (b) 0.7141; (c) 0.500; (d) 0.5625

57) During hydrostatic test, no less than ______ settlement measurement points
shall be surveyed:-
(a) 8; (b) 10; (c) 15; (d) 5.

58) E7018 electrodes are classified as F number:-

(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 4; (d) 5.

59) Essential variable on a welding procedure specification:-

(a) Those in which a change, as described in the specific variables, is considered to affect
the mechanical properties of the weldment;
(b) Variable is listed in section IX of the ASME CODE;
(c) Both (a) and (b) above.

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 (d) Are the same for all procedures?
60) Examiners who perform ultrasonic examinations under API-650 shall be qualified
and certified by the manufacturers as meeting the requirements of certification as
outlined in?
(a) ASME; (b) ASNT-TC-1A; (c) API-650; (d) API-653.

61) Except as modified in Section 6 of API-650, the radiographic method employed shall
be in accordance with which Section and article of the ASME code?
(a) Section II, Article 2; (b) Section III, Article 1;
(c) Section V, Article 2; (d) Section IX, Article 1.

62) Exclusive of corrosion allowance, what is the minimum nominal thickness for all
new construction bottom plates?
(a) 1/2 inch; (b) 1/4 inch; (c) 3/16 inch; (d) 5/8 inch.

63) Existing shells shall be analyzed by experienced personnel for:-

(a) Fluid static head, internal and external pressure, wind loads, settlement and
business needs;
(b) Wind loads settlement, fluid static head, internal and external pressure and
nozzle loads;
(c) Internal and external pressure, wind loads, fluid static head, settlement and if it
convenient.
(d) Only (a) and (b) above.

64) External tank bottom inspection is permitted:-

(a) When required by the inspector;
(b) Only when reassembly is being done.
(c) Where construction, size or other aspects allow;
(d) Is not permitted.

65) Find the capacity of a small tank, with a joint efficiency of 0.85, specific gravity = 1.0,
no corrosion allowance, diameter is 40 feet, height is 30 feet with 5 completed 72"
courses.
(a) 5,370; (b) 5,140; (c) 6,710; (d) 7,350.

66) Flaws such as cracks in the weld in shell-to-bottom of a tank are:-

(a) Not critical;
(B) Acceptable if length is less than twice the width;
(c) To be removed and repaired;
(d) Welded over without needing to be removed.

67) Floating root anti-rotation devices shall be evaluated for:-

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 (a) Needed repairs; (b) replacement;
(c) Ultrasonically for flaws; (d) only (a) and (b) above.

68) For a 30 inch shell manhole, 0.5 inches thick shell and reinforcing plate, what
minimum neck thickness is required?
(a) 3/16; (b) 3/8; (c) 1/2; (d) 5/16.

69) For an existing 150 foot diameter storage tank, which has been in service for 28
years, known joint efficiency is 1.0, contents have been the same, with a specific
gravity of 1.0, material yield of plate is 30,000 and tensile strength is 55,000, liquid fill
level is 50 feet, calculate the minimum allowable thickness for the second course :-
(a) 0.6789; (b) 0.7962; (c) 0.8056; (d) 0.8156.

70) For butt-welded joints in which the thinner shell plate is 3/8 inch or less, how many
spot radiographs shall be taken in the first 10 feet of completed vertical joint of each
type and thickness welded by each welder or welding operator?
(a) One; (b) Two; (c) Three; (d) Four.

71) For dome roofs that are flanged, the radius of curvature is limited by the depth of the
roof, including the crown and knuckle depth. What is t he maximum roof depth for a
shop assembled cone roof 10 feet in diameter?
(a) 2.0"; (b) 3.5"; (c) 5.5"; (d) 8.0

72) For impact testing materials, what is the minimum transverse value of Group IV
materials, 1.5" thick?
(a) 13 foot – pounds; (b) 15 foot – ponds;
(c) 20 foot – pounds; (d) 25 foot – pounds;

73) For impact testing materials, what is the minimum longitudinal value for a 1.8" thick
A-516-70 as rolled material for a WPS?
(a) 50 foot – pounds; (b) 15 foot – pounds;
(c) 42 foot – pounds; (d) 40 foot – pounds.

74) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints, how many radiographs shall be taken for
each 50 feet of horizontal joint, not including those required at intersections of
vertical and horizontal joints?
(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 3; (d) 5.

75) For welds that attach nozzles, manholes, cleanout openings and permanent
attachments, undercut shall not exceed ______ inch.
(a) 3/32; (b) 1/8; (c) 3/16; (d) 1/64.

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76) Foundations of relocated tanks specified as true to horizontal plane without
ringwalls shall be true:-

(a) ± 1/8" in any 30' and ± 1/4" in the total circumference;

(b) ± 1/8" in any 30' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference;
(c) ± 1/8" in any 10' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference;
(d) ± 1.4" in any 30' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference.

77) From what type of material should shims be fabricated when they are to be used to
radiograph welds?
(a) Malleable materials capable of being drilled;
(b) From the same heat number as the material being inspected;
(C) Fabricated of radio graphically similar material to the object to be inspected;
(d) All of the above.

78) Generally, tank bottom linings cover the entire tank bottom and extend ____ inches
up the shell of the tank :-
(a) 10 – 15 inches; (b) 12 - 18 inches; (c) 18 – 24 inches; (d) 24 – 30 inches.

79) Hot taps are not permitted:-

(a) On the roof of a tank or within the gas / vapor space of a tank;
(b) Where heat of welding may cause environmental cracking;
(c) Hot (a) and (b);
(d) (A) only.

80) Safe entry administrative controls include:-

(a) An emergency plan; (b) atmospheric testing;
(c) Ventilation procedures; (d) all of the above.

81) How does the calculation of minimum thickness for a riveted tank shell differ from
that of a welded tank shell:-
(a) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is the same
as for a welded tank shell except that the maximum allowable stress (S) is 21,000 lbs / sq.
inch and the efficiency equals 1 for the shell plate 6 inches away from rivets;
(b) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is exactly
the same for a welded tank;
(c) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is the same
as for a welded tank shell except the minimum allowable stress (S) is 21,000 lbs /s q. inch
and the efficiency equals 0.85 for the shell plate 6 inches away from the rivets.
(d) API does not set minimum thickness.

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82) How many equally spaced measurement are required for the thickness averaging
technique?
(A) 2; (b) 5; (c) 4; (d) 3.
83) How many impact specimens must be broken for an average value for P1, Group 1,
2, 3 materials?
(A) 2; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 6.

84) How many inches must project beyond the outside edge of the weld attaching t he
bottom sketch plate to the shell plate?
(a) At least 1/2 inch; (b) at least 2 inches;
(c) At least 9/16 inch; (d) at least 1.0 inch

85) How many settlement measurement points are required for a tank that measures 200
ft. in diameter?
(a) 30; (b) 8; (c) 21; (d) 10.

86) How many specimens and impact tests must be performed from a single test coupon
or test location?
(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 3; (d) 4.

87) How many specimens must be broken for an average value for P1, Group 1, 2, 3
material?
(A) 2; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 6.

88) Hydrochloric acid may be formed by:-

(a) Sodium and potassium; (b) Magnesium and calcium chlorides;
(c) Calcium chlorides and sodium; (d) Potassium and Magnesium.

89) Hydrostatic tests shall be held for ____ hours:-

(A) 2; (b) 8; (c) 24; (d) 72.

90) If penetrameters are not placed adjacent to the welds, what rules apply?
(a) The penetrameter should be placed on the source side of the material being radio
graphed.
(b) The penetrameter may be placed on the film side of the material being radio graphed.
(c) Lead letter "F" at least as high as the identification number is placed adjacent to the film
side penetrameter;
(d) All of the above.

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 91) In a radiographic film of a weld, how is film sensitivity or quality measured?
(a) By use of a penetrameter; (b) by film density;
(c) Comparing to known defects; (d) all of the above.
92) In a riveted tank shell, a butt joint has 3 rows. What is the joint efficiency?
(a) 0.75; (b) 0.85; (c) 0.90; (d) 0.91.

93) In accordance with Section V, intensifying screens:-

(a) Can always be used;
(b) Can be used unless restricted by the referencing Code;
(c) Can never be used;
(d) Can be used only with Type 1 film.

94) In general, if shell thickness does not exceed ____ inch, it does not require further
assessment for brittle fracture:-
(a) 0.25; (b) 0.75; (c) 1.00; (d) 0.50

95) In tank floors, the maximum depth of bulge or edge settlement is dependent upon:-
(a) Floor thickness; (b) The radius of an inscribed circle in the area;
(c) Tank diameter; (d) Tank height.

96) Information needed when determining the rate of corrosion:-

(a) Original thickness or last inspection thickness;
(b) Current thickness;
(c) Length of time in service;
(d) All of the above.

97) Inspection history as required in the tank records is:-

(a) All measurements taken, condition of all parts inspected and a record of all tests and
examinations;
(b) Personnel certification;
(c) Training records;
(d) The as built record from the erector.

98) ______ inspection may be substituted for a program of external UR thickness

measurements:-
(a) Hydrostatic; (b) External; (c) Acoustic; (d) Internal.

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 99) Inspection of emergency P/V hatches includes:-
(a) Servicing; (b) Removing oil from seals;
(c) Action to prevent chattering; (d) only (a) and (c) above.
100) Inspection of insulation:-
(A) is not required;
(b) Is done in routine in-service inspections;
(C) requires material traceability records;
(d) Only (b) and (c) above.

101) Insulated tanks shall have their insulation removed:-

(a) Completely prior to inspection;
(b) Yearly;
(c) From welded joints only;
(d) To extent necessary to determine the external condition.

102) Interference current problems in cathodic protection are can be approached by:-
(a) Drainage of collected current to sacrificial anodes;
(b) Design to minimize exposure;
(c) Provide metallic return of collected current to a foreign structured;
(D) all of the above.

103) Internal inspection intervals are determined by corrosion rates. Normally, the
corrosion rates govern:-
(A) roof; (b) upper shell; (c) bottom; (d) lower shell.

104) internal inspection intervals normally:-

(a) Are controlled by bottom corrosion rates;
(b) Shall not exceed 20 years;
(c) Owner / user are free to set any convenient material;
(d) Both (a) and (b) above.

105) internal inspection is primarily to:-

(a) All of the below;
(b) Ensure that the bottom is not corroded and leaking;
(c) Gather data for assessment;
(d) Identify and evaluate bottom settlement.

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106) Intervals between internal inspections shall be determined by the corrosion rate.
Normally, bottom corrosion rates control the inspection interval. However, in no case
shall the interval inspection interval exceed ____ years:-
(a) 10; (b) 15; (c) 20; (d) 25.
107) Letters and numerals on nameplates shall not be less than inch high.
(a) 5/32; (b) 5/16; (c) 3/16; (d) 1/8.

108) Liquid penetrant examiners shall be qualified in accordance with ____:-

(a) ASME Section VIII, div. 1 Appendix 8.
(b) API 650;
(c) ASNT proc. SNT-TC-1A
(d) ASME SECTION V, Art 6.

109) Magnetic particle examination shall be performed in accordance with a written

procedure that is in compliance with the requirements of:-
(a) ASME Section V, Art. 7; (b) ASME Section IX, Art. 2;
(c) SNT-TC-1A; (d) Appendix C, API 653.

110) Measurement of film thickness of tank bottom linings is taken:-

(a) Only when the film has completely dried;
(b) Both before and after the film has dried;
(c) In accordance with ASNT;
(d) Only if there is reason to believe it is thin.

111) Minimum spacing between toes of welds for a radius (R) on a penetration and other
welds of 1.25" plate must be:-
(a) 6"; (b) 7.5"; (c) 3"; (d) 1.25"

112) Minimum thickness calculation for shells of tanks 200 ft. or less in diameter shall be
done using ____:-
(a) The variable design point method of API 650;
(b) ASME section VII, div. 1;
(c) The formula given in API 653;
(d) Either (a) or (c) may be used.

113) Acceptance criteria for NDT of reconstructed tanks are to be in accordance

with:-
(a) ASME Section VIII; (b) ASME Section V;
(c) API 653; (d) API 650.

14
114) of the following welding processes, which one is not permitted for welding on above
ground storage tanks:-
(a) SMAW; (b) GMAW; (c) OFW; (d) SAW.

115) On plates more than 3/16 inch thick, the fillet weld thickness shall not be less than
1/3 the thickness of the thinner plat at the joint and shall be at least :-
(a) 1/2 inch; (b) 1/4 inch; (c) 3/16 inch; (d) 9/32 inch.

116) on the drawing that the manufacturer shall furnish the purchase, you would expect to
see which of the following information:-
(a) The required shell thickness for both the design condition (including corrosion
allowance) and the hydrostatic test condition;
(b) The nominal thickness used;
(c) The material specification and allowable stresses;
(d) All the above.

117) Opening in tank shells larger than required to accommodate a _____ inch standard-
weight coupling shall be reinforced:-
(a) 1.0 inch; (b) 1.5 inch; (c) 2.0 inch; (d) 2.5 inch.

118) Pan-type, pontoon-type and double-deck-type are examples of:-

(a) Internal roofs; (b) external roofs;
(c) Both internal and external roofs; (d) roofs on tanks < 200' in dia.

119) Per API 650, calculation of shell thickness by the 1-foot method cannot be used for
tanks:-
(a) Under 200 ft. in diameter; (b) over 200 ft. in diameter;
(c) Under 150 ft. in diameter. (d) Of any size.

120) Pinhole leaks or porosity in tank bottom joints may be repaired by:-
(a) Grinding and out area; (b) penning over affected area;
(c) Applying additional weld bead over area; (d) mechanical caulking.

121) piping connections such as nozzles shall be inspected for:-

(a) Structural adequacy; (b) thickness of component;
(c) Reinforcement; (d) all of the above.

15
122) Plate material thicker than ____ inches shall be normalized or quench tempered,
killed, made to fine grain practice and impact tested:-
(a) 2.00; (b) 1.75; (c) 1.50; (d) 1.00

123) Plates found to be thinner than those in the course above it are:-
(a) Not allowed;
(b) Permitted;
(c) Permitted provided they were so designed;
(d) Need to be calculated for suitability for service.

124) Procedure qualification for welding on a tank of unknown or obsolete material shall
be done using test coupons of:-
(a) any P-1 material;
(b) any similar type material;
(c) material from the same P number grouping;
(d) Actual material from the tank.

125) Procedure requirements for ultrasonic examination of welds:-

(a) Shall be performed to a written procedure; (b) approved by ASNT;
(c) Proven to the satisfaction of the inspector; (d) both (a) and (c) above.

126) pure hydrocarbon fluids:-

(a) usually cause corrosion;
(b) Require special corrosion control;
(b) both (a) and (b);
(c) (d) Are usually not corrosive.

127) Radiographic acceptance standards are found in:-

(a) ASME Section VIII, div. 1, para UW-51;
(b) ASME Section V, Article 2;
(c) API 650, Section 3;
(d) API 653, Appendix D.

128) Reinforcement pads shall be tested by applying pressure between the tank shell and
reinforcement plate using the telltale hole. How much pressure is used to perform
this inspection:-
(a) 15 psig hydrostatic pressure; (b) 15 psig pneumatic pressure;
(c) 5 psig hydrostatic pressure; (d) 5 psig pneumatic pressure.

16
 129) Repairs of cracks in the shell-to-bottom:-
(a) Are only necessary if they exceed 0.25" in length;
(b) Are performed on an individual basis, according to extent of damage;
(c) May be welded over and left as is without reinspection;
(d) Both (b) and (c) above.
130) Resistivity of surrounding soil may be used to determine the probability of corrosion
on tank bottoms. Which of the following resistivity ranges is considered to be very
corrosive:-
(A) < 500; (b) 500 – 1000; (c) 1000 – 2000; (d) < 10,000

131) Re-welding vertical joints requires cutting horizontal welds back from the joint a
minimum of ____ inches:-
(a) 1/2; (b) 1; (c) 2; (d) 12.

132) Flame arresters are to be inspected:-

(a) semi-annually;
(b) annually;
(c) at intervals determined by experience locally;
(d) Every 5 years.

133) Routine visual inspection by Owner / Operator personnel shall be done at least:-
(a) Annually; (b) bi-monthly; (c) monthly; (d) semi-annually.

134) with a vertical sweep board 36 inches long, banding on reconstructed tanks shall not
exceed ____ inch(s):-
(A) 1/2"; (b) 3/4"; (c) 1"; (d) 1 ½".

135) Scheduled external inspections shall be performed at least:-

(a) The lesser of every 5 years of 1/2 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(b) The lesser of every 5 years or 1/4 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(c) The lesser of every 10 years or 1/2 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(d) The lesser of every 10 years or 1/4 corrosion rate of the shell life.

136) Seal material shall be placed:-

(a) Between the outer periphery of the roof and the tank shell;
(b) Around columns, ladders and gauge pipes that penetrate the deck;
(c) The seal shall be flexible;

17
 (D) all of the above.

137) Shell penetrations experiencing corrosion must be assessed and:-

(A) tank rerated; (b) repair procedures established;
(c) Tank removed from service; (d) both (a) and (b) above.

138) Small punctures in floating roof systems:-

(a) May be ignored if they have been determined to be non-critical;
(b) Shall be repaired;
(c) Shall be replaced;
(d) Either (b) or (c) above.

139) Tack welds shall be made using a procedure qualified in accordance with ASME
Section IX:-
(a) Fillet weld; (b) Groove or fillet weld;
(c) Special; (d) Butt weld.

140) Tank grounding shunts shall be inspected:-

(a) Visually; (b) infrared camera;
(c) By a certified electrician; (d) need no inspection.

141) Tanks reconstructed in accordance to API-653 shall be identified with a corrosion-

resistant metal nameplate with letters not less than ____" high:-
(a) 5/32; (b) 7/32; (c) 9/32; (d) 3/32.

142) Tests for leaks in reinforcing plate welds require ____ psig:-
(A) up to 2.5; (b) up to 15; (c) up to 21; (d) up to 30.

143) the "critical zone" for tank bottom repairs is the area within the annular plate ring,
within inches of the shell or within inches of the inside edge of the annular plate
ring:-
(a) 12, 6; (b) 6, 12; (c) 12, 12; (d) 6, 6

144) The "L" in actual thickness determination for each shell course:
(a) May be greater than 40";
(B) is valid only when corroded area is less than 40";
(C) applies even if corroded area is greater than L;
(d) Requires converting "D" from feet to inches.

18
 145) the 6 G position for welding is a:-
(a) Qualification position;
(b) Production welding position;
(c) Rod position;
(d) Rank position.

146) The API 653 standard covers the maintenance inspection, repairs, alteration,
relocation and reconstruction of tanks constructed to which one of the following
standards:-
(a) ASME; (b) API 651; (c) API 65; (d) API 650.

147) the assessment period for inspection of tank bottom integrity is:-
(a) Is always 5 years;
(b) Is fixed by corrosion rate;
(c) Less than or equal to the appropriate internal inspection interval given in API-653 4.4.2
(d) Determined by the designer.

148) The complete or partial removal and replacement of more than 12 inches of a vertical
weld joining shell plates is considered a :-
(a) Minor alteration; (b) minor repair;
(c) Major alteration; (d) major repair.

149) the definition of a confined space is:-

(a) large enough to enter;
(b) restricted means of entry;
(c) not designed for continuous occupancy;
(d) (d) All of the above are required.

150) the determining factor for intervals between internal and external inspections:-
(a) Change of service to a higher specific gravity;
(b) Tank service history provided earlier inspection is not required by special reasons;
(c) Corrosion activity either known or suspected.
(d) Governmental regulations

151) the difference between peaking and banding is:-

(A) Peaking pertains to the roof;
(b) Banding is external to the tank;
(c) Peaking pertains to vertical weld seams'; banding pertains to horizontal weld seams;
19
 (d) Peaking pertains to horizontal weld seams, banding pertains to vertical weld seams.

152) the first checks for tanks out-of-service are:-

(A) (b) and (d) below; (b) cleaned, gas freed and safe for entry;
(c) Hammer test the roof; (d) complete isolation.

153) the flammable range is when a vapor exists:-

(a) Above the ambient temperature;
(b) Between the lower flammable limit and the upper flammable limit;
(c) Between the extremes of the lower flammable limit;
(d) Between the extremes of the upper flammable limit;

154) the formula for maximum bulge or depression of a tank bottom is:-
(a) B = 0.37 R, gives an Answer in feet;
(b) B = 0.37 R gives an Answer in inches;
(c) B + 0.37" are the minimum;
(d) B = 0.37 + R

155) the general shape of gas cavities on a radiograph:

(A) Appear darker in contrast with areas of defect-free material;
(b) Are generally round in shape;
(c) Are acceptable;
(d) Both a and b.

156) The Heat Affected Zone is:-

(a) That portion of the base metal which has not been melted;
(b) Whose mechanical properties or micro structures have been altered by the heat of
welding?
(C) is least likely to contain discontinuities;
(d) Both (a) and (b) above.

157) the inspection interval for a tank is determined by:-

(a) Size; (b) service history;
(b) The manufacturer; (d) type of tank.

158) the lower flammable limit (LFL) is the concentration of a glammable vapor in air that
will ignite:-
(A) Approximate; (b) maximum; (c) average; (d) minimum.

20
159) the maximum acceptable undercutting for base metal in repaired or altered
horizontal welds is:-
(a) 1/64"; (b) 1/32"; (c) 1/16"; (d) 1/8"

160) the maximum acceptable undercutting for base metal in vertical welds is:-
(a) 1/64"; (b) 1/32"; (c) 1/16"; (d) 1/8,
161) the maximum interval between internal inspections shall not exceed ____
years:-
(a) 10; (b) 20; (c) 5; (d) 15.

162) the maximum spacing between settlement measurement points shall be:-
(a) 30 ft.; (b) 20 ft.; (c) 40 ft.; (d) 25 ft.

163) the minimum dimension for replacement shell plate is 12 times t or ____
inches:-
(a) 8; (b) 18; (c) 6; (d) 12.

164) the minimum interval for external inspection by a qualified inspector is ____ years or
at the quarter corrosion-rate life of the shell, whichever is less:-
(a) Twenty; (b) Five; (c) Ten; (d) Fifteen.

165) the minimum size of a fillet weld is which of the following:-

(a) On plate 3/16 inch thick, the weld shall be a full-fillet weld, and on plates more than 3/16
inch thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the thinner plate at
the joint and shall be at least 3/16 inch.
(b) On plate 5/16 inch thick, the weld shall be a full-fillet weld, and on plates more than 5/16
inch thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the thinner plate at
the joint and shall be at least 3/16 inch.
(c) On plate 3/16 inch thick, the weld shall be a full-fillet weld, and on plates more than 5/16
inch thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the thinner plate at
the joint and shall be at least 5/16 inch.
(d) On plate 1/4 inch thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the
thinner plate at the joint and shall be at least 1/4 inch.

166) the minimum thickness of an annular plate ring is usually greater than:-
(a) 0.10; (b) 0.25; (c) 0.0625; (d) 0.1875.

167) the permissible exposure limit (PEL) is the maximum ____ time-weighed average of
any airborne contaminant to which an employee may be exposed:-
(A) 8 hour; (b) 24 hour; (c) 4 hour; (d) 1 hour.
21
168) the proper method for dismantling tank bottoms that are to be reused shall be cut by:-
(A) Deseaming of lap welds;
(b) Cutting alongside remaining welds at a minimum of 2 inches from existing welds;
(c) Cutting alongside remaining welds at a minimum of 3 inches from existing welds;
(d) Both (a) and (b) are acceptable.

169) the purchaser has not specified the use of 1-foot method for calculating thickness and
L/H  2, therefore, what is the shell plate thickness for the first course for the
following tank design?
Height = 40 feet
Diameter = 260 feet
Stress @ test condition = 30,000 psi
Specific gravity = 1.0
Course Length = 8 feet
Corrosion Allowance = 0
Joint Efficiency = .0
(a) 1.209"; (b) 1.171"; (c) 0.856"; (d) 1.038"

170) the purpose of electrical grounding of A/C power connections is:-

(A) Protect against lightening; (b) corrosion control for tank bottoms;
(c) Personal safety; (d) corrosion control for tank shells;

171) the root opening for square grooves for butt-welded bottom plate shall not be less
than:-
(a) 1/2 inch; (b) 1/4 inch; (c) 3/16 inch; (d) 9/32 inch.

172) the sequence of welding of the shell-to-bottom:-

(a) Is the welder's option?
(b) Is not addressed;
(c) Is completed after the bottom joints are fully welded;
(d) Must be completed before the welding of bottom joints.

173) the shell plate formula tmin =

(a) Only (b) and (c) below;
(B) is only valid if tmin is not les than 0.1";
(C) applies only to tanks less than 200' in diameter;
(d) Does not apply to riveted construction.

22
 174) the tank shall be cleaned and ____ prior to commencement of dismantling:-
(A) gas-freed; (b) inspected; (c) surveyed; (d) cleaned;

175) The thickness to be used for each shell course when checking the tank design after
reconstruction shall be based on measurements taken within ____ days prior to
relocation :-
(a) 45; (b) 90; (c) 180; (d) 360.
176) the types of tanks covered by API 653 are:-
(a) non-refrigerated;
(b) Vertical, cylindrical, above ground closed and open top;
(c) Built to API 650 and 12 C;
(d) All of the above.

177) the upper flammable limit (UFL) is the concentration of a flammable vapor in air that
will ignite:-
(A) Approximate; (b) maximum; (c) average; (d) minimum.

178) the variable design point method shall be used for tanks greater than ____ in
diameter:-
(a) 50'; (b) 200'; (c) 150'; (d) 200'.

179) Thick-film internal linings:-

(a) Are frequently used as an alternative to replacing the steel bottom;
(b) Are prohibited from use as an alternative to replacing the steel bottom;
(C) removes the need for external cathodic protection;
(d) Removes the need for external anodic protection.

180) Thickness readings taken on a tank shell after 5 years of service show a minimum
thickness of 0.420 inches. The data sheet shows the original thickness as 0.5 inches.
What is the corrosion rate for the tank:-
(a) 0.008; (b) 0.0016; (c) 0.016; (d) 0

181) three different methods of conducting "Visual Examinations" (VT):-

(a) Direct, indirect and previously recorded;
(B) Translucent, direct and previously recorded;
(c) Translucent, direct and indirect or (remote visual examination)
(D) all of the above.

23
 182) three types of external inspections are:-
(A) Scheduled, routine and liquid penetrant;
(B) scheduled, routine and UT thickness;
(c) Scheduled out of service, routine and UT thickness;
(d) Unscheduled, routine and liquid penetrant.

183) to be an alteration a nozzle must be:-

(A) 12" or greater NPS nozzles; (b) greater than 12" NPS nozzles;
(c) Greater than 2" NPS nozzles; (d) greater than 10" NPS nozzles.

184) to be certified under the program which of the following educational and experience
requirements must be met:-
(a) A degree in engineering plus 6 months of experience in inspection of tanks, pressure
vessels, or piping;
(b) A two-year certificate in engineering or technical college and two years of experience in
construction, repair, operation, or inspection of tanks, pressure vessels or piping;
(c) The equivalent of a high school education and three years of experience in construction,
repair, operation or inspection of which one year must be in inspection of tanks, pressure
vessels or piping;
(d) Four years of experience in the inspection of above ground storage tanks in petroleum /
chemical industries.

185) to evaluate tank settlement, elevation measurements are performed and compared
with measurements marked just after construction. Where are these measurements
made?
(a) Tank circumference, tank height; (b) Tank diameter, tank height;
(c) Tank height, tank base; (d) Tank circumference, tank diameter.

186) to qualify a GMAW, short circuit transfer, welding procedure:-

(a) Radiography may be used;
(b) Tension tests and transverse bend test are required;
(c) May be omitted if another manufacturer has a qualified WPS;
(d) Require bend tests only.

187) Top decks of external floating roofs (double deck or pontoon type) which are
designed with are designed with a permanent slope for drainage shall have a
minimum slope of ____ inch in 12 inches:-
(a) 3/16; (b) 1/2; (c) 1/4; (d) 3/8.

24
188) Undercut on plate not more than inch from the computed design thickness or
minimum permitted thickness is acceptable:-
(a) 0.01; (b) 0.02; (c) 0.03; (d) 0.04.

189) unless otherwise agreed to by the purchaser, what is the minimum nominal width of
a shell plate?
(a) 36 inches; (b) 48 inches; (c) 72 inches; (d) 96 inches.

190) UT examination methods shall be in accordance with:-

(A) ASME Code Section V, Article 5;
(b) ASME Code Section II, Article 5;
(c) API 653;
(D) ASME Code Section IX, Article 2.

191) Vertical welds must be fully radio graphed if the shell thickness exceeds
inches:-
(a) 3/4; (b) 1; (c) 1 1/4; (d) 1 1/2.

192) Visual examination shall be done in accordance with:-

(a) ASME Section V, Article 9;
(b) API 650;
(c) AWS Guidelines;
(d) ASME B-31.1, Chapter VI.

193) Welded joints that have experienced metal loss due to corrosion:-
(a) Must be X-Rayed prior to further use;
(b) May be repaired by welding;
(c) May be repaired by grinding;
(D) all of the above.

194) Welder identification is not required for:-

(a) Lap welds; (b) corner joints;
(c) Fillet welds around opening; (d) roof plate welds.

195) Welder or welding operator's identification marks shall be located adjacent to

completed welds at intervals not exceeding:-
(a) 9 feet;
(b) 6 feet;

25
 (c) 3 feet;
(d) As identified on the approved welding procedure specification.

196) Welders qualifications shall expire as they do not weld:-

(a) Within a given process for a 6 month period;
(b) Using a given procedure for a 6 month period;
(c) On a tank for 6 months;
(d) For a 3 month period.
197) Welding filler metals are grouped into groupings based on their AWS classification:-
(a) P-numbers; (b) F-numbers;
(c) Z-numbers; (d) ASTM spec.

198) Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS), and welders and welding operators must
be qualified in accordance with ____:-
(a) API-653; (b) API-650;
(c) Section V of the ASME; (d) Section IX of the ASME

199) Welding procedures are qualified in accordance with ____

(a) ASME Section IX, Art. 3; (b) ASME Section V, Art. 2;
(c) ASME Section IX, Art. 2; (d) AWS D-1.1

200) what are penetrameter used for:-

(a) A penetrameter is used for evaluating radiographic technique in that it serves as an
image quality indicator;
(b) It indicates the magnetic properties of the materials;
(C) is the same as penetration in Ultrasonic Inspection;
(d) Both (a) and (c) above.

201) What are the two general approaches for determining minimum thicknesses of tank
bottom plate and briefly describe their differences :-
(a) Deterministic and Probabilistic;
(b) Probabilistic and Actualistic;
(c) Actualistic and Deterministic;
(d) Variable design and Actual thickness determination.

202) what are the two methods of guided-bend tests permitted by ASME Section IX?
(a) Bottom ejection method and Wrap around method;
(b) Top ejection method and Bottom ejection method;
26
 (c) Side ejection method and Wrap around method;
(d) All to the above.

203) what diameter bolt circle is required and how many bolts for a 24 inch roof manhole?

(A) 26.0 inch diameter bolt circle and 18 bolts;

(b) 25.5 inch diameter bolt circle and 20 bolts;
(c) 27.5 inch diameter bolt circle and 16 bolts;
(d) 27.5 inch diameter bolt circle and 20 bolts.

204) What F number is E70T1 electrodes classified as:-

(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 4; (d) 6.

205) what is calcination:-

(a) An accumulation of a mineral coating on the lining of the tank;
(b) Increase of water of hydration;
(c) Loss of water of hydration;
(d) Form of tank deterioration.

206) what is meant by "non destructive examination" of a welded joint?

(a) An examination of a welded joint that will disclose surface and sub-surface
discontinuities without physical harm to the welded joint;
(b) An examination of a bolted joint;
(c) An examination of a welded joint that will disclose surface and sub-surface
discontinuities that may cause physical harm to the welded joint.
(d) An examination of a welded joint that will disclose only surface discontinuities without
physical harm to the welded joint.

207) what is MRT2 as used by the deterministic method?

(a) Minimum remaining thickness due to maximum internal pitting and average external
pitting;
(b) Maximum remaining thickness that can be used for calculations;
(c) Maximum reported thickness minus all corrosion;
(d) Minimum remaining thickness due to average internal pitting and maximum external
pitting.

208) What is the 42 gallon barrel capacity of a tank 110 feet in diameter, 24 feet high, joint
efficiency is 0.85, specific gravity = 1.0, corrosion allowance = 0.
(a) 34,303; (b) 38,909; (c) 39,910; (d) 40,656.

27
209) what is the allowable stress at root of anchor bolt threads for a tank with a design
pressure up to 2.5 psig? Uplift is based on tank design pressure and wind.
(a) 15,000; (b) 20,000; (c) 25,000; (d) 30,000.

210) What is the capacity of a tank 110 feet in diameter, 24 feet high, joint efficiency is
0.85, specific gravity is 1.0, corrosion allowance = 0 ?
(a) 34,303; (b) 38,909; (c) 39,910; (d) 40,656.
211) what is the distance from the centre pipe to shell for a 3 inch nominal pipe size, 36
diameters draw off sump, which is 18 inched deep?
(a) 2.1875'; (b) 3.2343'; (c) 5.0000'; (d) 5.3780'

212) what is the distance in inches, that both a roof plate or a shell bottom must be cut
from the weld when dismantling a shell tank:-
(a) One; (b) Two; (c) Four; (d) Six.

213) what is the expected service life for a properly applied tank bottom lining?
(A) 5 – 10 years; (b) 10 – 15 years;
(c) 10 – 20 years; (d) 20 – 30 years.

214) what is the flammable range for Methane?

(a) 1 – 5; (b) 2 – 8; (c) 2 – 9; (d) 5 – 15.

215) what is the maximum acceptable undercutting of new constructed base metal for
vertical butt joints?
(a) 1/4 inch; (b) 1/8 inch; (c) 9/32 inch; (d) 1/64 inch.

216) what is the maximum acceptable undercutting of new construction base metal for
horizontal joints?
(a) 1/4 inch; (b) 1/8 inch; (c) 1/32 inch; (d) 1/64 inch.

217) what is the maximum depth of depreciation, oval in shape, which measures 18 feet
long by 11 feet wide?
(a) 6.6"; (b) 24.42"; (c) 4.07"; (d) 2.035".

218) what is the maximum depth of edge settlement if the distance from the inside of the
shell to the bend point of the depression is 7 feet?
(a) 2.59"; (b) 1.295"; (c) 5.18"; (d) 31.08".

219) what is the maximum interval between external UT thickness measurements for a
tank, given the following information? Remaining CA = 0.064", Corrosion rate is
0.008" per year.

28
 (a) 5 yrs; (b) 4 yrs;
(c) 8 yrs; (d) 3 – 1/2 yrs.

220) what is the maximum out-of-plumpness of a new tank from the top of shell relative to
the bottom of the shell?
(a) 1/100 of the total tank height; (b) 1/50 of the total tank height;
(c) 1/60 of the total tank height; (d) 1/200 of the total tank height.

221) what is the maximum reinforcement allowed on a 1/2" thick vertical butt weld made
on a reconstructed tank?
(a) 3/16; (b) 3/32; (c) 1/8; (d) 1/4.

222) what is the maximum spacing between settlement measurement points?

(a) 20 feet; (b) 30 feet; (c) 35 feet; (d) 50 feet.

223) what is the maximum thickness of weld reinforcement for a 0.5625 inch plate?
(a) 1/16; (b) 3/32; (c) 1/8; (d) 3/16.

224) what is the minimum acceptable shell plate thickness for a tank shell made of a 283
grade C material, 70 feet in diameter and 50 feet high? Specific gravity of contents is
0.8. Original joint efficiency was 100 %.
(a) 0.356; (b) 0.339; (c) 0.480; (d) 0.304.

225) what is the minimum allowable density through the image of the penetrameter for
radiographs made with a 2000 KV tube?
(a) 1.8 – 4.0; (b) 1.3 – 2.8; (c) 2.0 – 4.0; (d) 1.3 – 1.8;

226) Windgirders are evaluated for:-

(A) Corrosion of structural elements; (b) attachment welds;
(c) The same evaluation as for shell stiffeners; (d) all of the above.

227) what is the minimum nominal shell thickness required when the normal tank
diameter is less than 50 feet?
(a) 3/16; (b) 1/4; (c) 5/16; (d) 3/8.

228) what is the minimum nominal thickness for bottom plates, exclusive of any
corrosion allowance?
(a) 3/16 inch; (b) 1/4 inch; (c) 5/16 inch; (d) 7/16 inch.

229) what is the minimum number of settlement measurement points?

29
 (a) 4; (b) 6; (b) 8; (d) 10.

230) What is the minimum permissible design metal temperature for a 280 foot diameter
tank, 75 feet high, tank radius is 1,680 inches, plate material ordered is 1.125"
(including corrosion allowance) A 516 – 555 as rolled, killed fine-grain practice
without impact testing :-
(a) + 8; (b) 0;
(c) – 4; (d) All Material must be impact tested.

231) what it the minimum permitted density of radiographic film using an Iridium source?
(a) 2.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 1.3; (d) 4.0

232) what is the minimum required number of settlement measurement points for a 200'
diameter tank?
(a) 10; (b) 8; (c) 21; (d) 20.

233) What is the minimum thickness of bolting flange and cover plate for a 24 × 24 size
flush-type cleanout to be installed in a tank having maximum h eight of 53 feet :-
(a) 1/16; (b) 1/8; (c) 3/16; (d) 9/16.

234) What is the calculated minimum thickness of shell plates from the stress on vertical
joints for a field-erected small capacity tank, which has a diameter of 30 feet, height
of 36 feet, joint efficiency is 0.85, specific gravity is 1.0, with a corrosion allowance
of 0.125 ?
(a) T = 0.1529; (b) t = 0.1875;
(c) T = 0.2779; (d) t = 0.3125.

235) what is the minimum weld length that must be shown on each radiograph?
(a) 2 inches; (b) 3 inches; (c) 4 inches; (d) 5 inches.

236) what is the most common protective cushion for aboveground storage tanks?
(a) Clean sand; (b) Clay; (c) Gravel; (d) Carbonaceous.

237) what is the nominal shell thickness required when the nominal tank diameter is less
than 50 feet?
(a) 3/16 inch; (b) 1/4 inch; (c) 5/16 inch; (d) 3/8 inch.

238) what is the radii tolerance measured at 1 foot above the shell to bottom for a
reconstructed 125 foot diameter tank?
(a) +/- 1/2; (b) +/- 3/4; (c) +/- 1; (d) +/- 1 1/4.

30
 239) what is the title of API Publication 2015A?
(a) "Guide for Controlling the Lead Hazard Associated with Tank Entry and Cleaning."
(b) "Cleaning Open-Top and Covered Floating-Roof Tanks"
(c) "Guidelines for Confined Space Work in the Petroleum Industry"
(d) "Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage"

240) what must be done to the tank prior to dismantling to insure proper alignment after
the tank is reconstructed?
(a) At least four sets of matching centre punch marks should be placed at the top and bottom
edges of each shell plate.
(b) At least two sets of matching centre punch marks shall be placed at the top and bottom
edges of each shell plate.
(c) At least three alignment tabs shall be tack welded to the top and bottom edges of the
each shell plate.
(d) At least two sets of matching centre punch marks may be placed at the top and side
edges of each shell plate.

241) what are NDE methods and to what extent shall they be used for the examination of
repairs to butt welds?
(a) MT and PT over full length; (b) MT and PT spot;
(c) UT and RT over full length; (d) UT or RT over full length.

242) what of the following are not principal causes of shell distortion:-
(A) Thinning caused by corrosion; (b) Foundation settlement;
(c) Over-or under-pressuring; (d) High wind.

243) what percentage of selected spot radiography shall be at junctions of vertical and
horizontal joints?
(a) 15 %; (b) 20 %; (c) 25 %; (d) 50 %.

244) what size diameter cover plate is required for a 20 inch roof manhole?
(a) 22 inch; (b) 24 inch; (c) 26 inch; (d) 28 inch.

245) what size penetrameter is required for RT of a tank 0.75 inches thick?
(a) 17; (b) 20; (c) 25; (d) 1.

246) what spacing must be used for a settlement survey of a 100’ diameter tank?
(a) 31.4’; (b) 30’; (c) 28.56’; (d) 31’4”.

31
 247) when a new nameplate is attached, the existing nameplate:-
(a) Is removed;
(b) Is covered by the new name plated;
(C) is located next to the new name plate;
(d) Is left for the owner / user to keep on file

248) when alternative inspection intervals are selected, the owner / user:-
(a) Shall document the procedure and make it part of the permanent record;
(b) Alternatives are not allowed;
(c) Alternative method shall include method for determining bottom plate thickness;
(d) Both (a) and (c) above.

249) When calculating the maximum liquid level for reconstructed tanks, the required
corrosion allowance shall be:-
(a) Deducted from the actual thickness before calculating maximum liquid level;
(b) Added to actual thickness before calculating maximum liquid level;
(c) Not be considered when calculating maximum liquid level;
(d) Deducted from the original design thickness.

250) When changing a non-essential variable on a welding procedure, the procedure

must be:-
(a) Revised; (b) requalified;
(c) No action required; (d) re-written as a new procedure.

251) When concrete ringwalls are provided under the shell, the top of the ring wall shall
be level with ______ inch in the total circumference measured from the average
elevation :-
(a) 1/4; (b) 1/8; (c) 3/8; (d) 5/16.

252) when determining average thickness in a corroded area of a shell, a minimum of

equally paced measurements shall be taken over a length of L.
(a) 10; (b) 5; (c) 8; (d) 6.

253) when evaluating roof support systems, special attention should be paid to:
(a) Rafters; (b) Prior repairs;
(c) Distortions; (d) the possibility of severe internal corrosion of pipe columns.

254) When is pitting an important factor in determining tank shell acceptability?

(a) When pits are 1/4" in diameter;

32
 (b) When the pits are 1/8” in diameter.
(c) When the pits are present in a severe form in close proximity.
(d) Pitting always represents a significant threat.

255) When liquid penetrant is specified, the method of examination shall be in

accordance with one of the following:-
(a) ASME, Section V, Article 6; (b) API-650, Section 6;
(c) API-653, Section 6; (d) ASME, Section 8, Article 6.
256) when preparing the surface for lining, the abrasive blasting should not be performed
if the temperature of the steel surface is less than ____ above the dew point or if the
relative humidity is greater than ____ %.
(a) 10 degrees, 75 %; (b) 5 degrees, 80 %;
(c) 10 degrees, 80 %; (d) 5 degrees, 75 %.

257) When replacing rim-mounted shoe seals on a floating roof, no more than ____ of the
seal should be out of service at any one time.
(a) 1/4; (b) 1/2; (c) 1/3; (d) 1/8.

258) when required, a set of Charpy V-notch impact specimens shall be taken:-
(a) Before heat treatment; (b) After heat treatment;
(c) Either before or after; (d) both before and after heat treatment.

259) When required, how long shall a full hydrostatic be held?

(a) 18 hours; (b) 24 hours; (c) 36 hours; (d) 38 hours.

260) When reusing the entire bottom in the intact condition, the shell cut shall be a
minimum of ____ inch (es) above the top of the bottom plate:-
(a) 1/2; (b) 6 except where crossing existing welds;
(c) 12; (d) 12 is the maximum.

261) when reviewing a radiograph, a dark image of the letter B can be seen on the film
(a) This is cause for rejection;
(b) This is not cause for rejection;
(c) This is the same as a light letter B;
(d) An unusual safety hazard existed during the exposure.

262) When the corrosion rate is not known or determinable from similar service
experience, actual bottom plate thickness shall be determined by inspection within
the next ____ years of operation:-
(a) 10; (b) 7; (c) 5; (d) 3.
33
263) When the tank is out of service, additional bottom plate examination includes:-
(a) All of the below; (b) ultrasonic;
(C) Hammer testing; (d) turning of coupons.

264) When two (2) welders weld opposite sides of the same butt joint:-
(a) 2 spot radiographs shall be taken;
(b) Heat generated by twin arc removes the need to radiograph;
(c) Shall be inspected by ultrasonic;
(d) 1 spot radiograph shall be taken.

265) When two or more tanks are installed concurrently in the same location for the same
purchase:-
(a) Spot radiographs to be taken are based on each tanks footage of the welds;
(b) Spot radiographs may be omitted in tank # 2 if no defects were found in tank # 1;
(c) Spot radiographs may be taken based on the aggregate footage of the welds of the same
type and thickness;
(d) Spot radiographs to be taken are based on the aggregate footage of the welds regardless
of weld type and thickness;

266) when ultrasonic thickness measurements are used to take in-service thickness
measurements, what is the maximum interval for reinsertion on a tank corroding at a
rate of 1.13 mils per year and has a remaining corrosion allowance of 22 mils?
(a) 5 years; (b) 9 years; (c) 15 years; (d) 20 years.

267) When used, in-service UT thickness measurements shall be taken:-

(a) 10 years after commissioning;
(b) 15 year intervals where corrosion rate is unknown;
(c) The smaller of RCA/2N or 15 years;
(D) all of the above.

268) When vacuum testing is performed, a partial vacuum of at least psig should be
used:-
(A) 2; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 5.

269) which below best describe how surfaces shall be prepared for Ultrasonic
examination:-
(a) The finished contact surfaces shall be free from weld splatter and any roughness that
would interfere with free movement of the search unit or impair the transmission of
ultrasonic vibrations;

34
 (b) The weld surfaces shall be finished so they cannot mask or be confused with reflections
from defects, and should merge smoothly into the surfaces of the adjacent base
materials;
(c) The volume of base material through which the sound will travel in angle beam
examination shall be completely scanned with a straight beam search unit to detect
reflectors which might affect interpretation of angle beam results;
(D) all of the above.

270) which below option Thin-Film lining system shall be used for the following service
conditions; Temperature 200 degrees F, product contents are distillates,
(a) Coal tar epoxy; (b) Epoxy amine;
(c) Epoxy polyamide; (d) Epoxy Polyamidoamine

271) which is not a factor in determining intervals between internal inspections for
storage tanks:-
(a) Measured during previous inspection;
(b) Based on experience with similar tanks;
(c) Anticipated corrosion rate;
(D) Consistent with conditions at a particular site.

272) which item is not found on a gauge well?

(a) hold-off distance; (b) marker vapor control float;
(c) blow-down valve; (d) pipe seal system.

273) which of the following equations refer to an anodic reaction:-

(A) O2 + 2 H2) + 4 e- > 4 OH-

(b) Fe + 2 e- ____ Fe2
(c) H2O2 + Fe > 2 e
(d) Fe --> Fe-2 +2 e-

274) which of the following is a cause for tank bottom failure?

(a) Erosion corrosion; (b) Concentration Cell corrosion;
(c) Sulphate-reducing bacteria; (d) All are causes.

275) which of the following is a factor in the effectiveness of cathodic protection:-

(a) Concrete foundation;
(b) An impervious lining between tank anodes such as a secondary containment system
(c) High resistance soil or rock formations;
(d) All are factors.
35
276) which of the following is a principle cause of concrete foundation deterioration:-
(a) Attack by frost; (b) Rusting; (c) Wind load; (d) Floods.

277) the difference between peaking and banding is:-

(A) Peaking pertains to the roof;
(b) Banding is external to the tank;
(c) Peaking pertains to vertical weld seams'; banding pertains to horizontal weld seams
(d) Peaking pertains to horizontal weld seams, banding pertains to vertical weld seams.
278) which of the following is not a cause of bottom failure:-
(a) Stresses placed on the bottom plates by roof support loads and shell settlement;
(b) Inadequate drainage;
(c) Rock or gravel foundation pads with inadequately filled-in surface voids;
(d) Operating conditions.

279) which of the following is not a factor in determining suitability for service of shell
tanks:-
(a) Internal corrosion due to the product or water bottoms;
(b) Location relative to other tanks;
(c) Chemical analysis and mechanical properties of the materials of construction;
(d) Tank foundation, soil and settlement conditions.

280) which of the following is not a shell distortion?

(a) Undersize weld; (b) out of roundness;
(c) Flat spots; (d) buckled areas.

281) which of the following are not required information on a nameplate:-

(a) Edition and revision number; (b) Shell material for shell course;
(c) Nominal diameter; (d) Test Pressure.

282) which of the following are not true regarding dismantling of the shell:-
(a) Temporary attachments welds must be ground flush;
(b) Shell stiffener rings, including wind girders and top angles, may be removed;
(c) Shell stiffener rings, including wind girders and top angles, may be left attached;
(d) Temporary attachments welds need not be ground flush.

283) which of the following are not true regarding small punctures in a floating roof
plate:-

36
 (a) May be ignored if they have been determined to be non-critical;
(b) Shall be repaired;
(c) Shall have affected sections replaced;
(d) Is considered a change from the original condition.

284) which of the following types of welds do not need welder identification?
(a) Shell vertical welds; (b) Roof Plate welds;
(c) Flange-to-nozzle-neck welds; (d) both (b) and (c)

285) which thin-film lining system shall be used for the following service conditions:
Temperature 200 degrees F, product contents are distillates:-
(a) Coal tar epoxy; (b) Epoxy amine;
(c) Epoxy polyamide; (d) Epoxy polyamidomine.

286) which tool would least likely be used in an in-service inspection?

(a) UT thickness device; (b) X-ray equipment;
(c) Steel rule; (d) paint or crayon.

287) who is responsible for preparing the Welding Procedure Specification?

(a) Purchasing; (b) Erector / Manufacturer / Repairer;
(C) Weld Testing Laboratory; (d) a qualified welder

288) who are responsible for qualifying the welders used to repair an above ground
storage tank?
(a) The tank manufacturer; (b) The repair concern;
(c) The inspector; (d) the test laboratory.

289) who is responsible for stating the design metal temperature (based on ambient
temperatures), the design specific gravity, the corrosion allowance (if any), and the
design wind velocity?
(a) PURCHASER; (b) FABRICATOR;
(c) INSPECTOR; (d) ERECTOR.

290) Widely scattered pits may be ignored provided that the sum of their dimensions
along any vertical line does not exceed 2 inch in an 8 inch length and no pit depth
results in a shell thickness of less than of the minimum thickness exclusive of
corrosion allowance :-
(a) 5/8; (b) 3/4; (c) 1/2; (d) 2/3.

37
 ANSWERS
S/N ANSWER REFERENCE
B API-653, - 1.5.4
C Section V, T-233
B API-653, 2.2.1.2
B 3.1.1.1 650
C APP. C. 3.11 650
A 4.3.2.1 653
A 10.3.1.1 653
B API 650 3.1.1.7
A API 653 – 7.13.4 & Fig. 7-5
B (a) 10.3.1.1 653
C (a) 6.4.3 650
D IX QW-200.2
B Section V, T-282.1
A API-653, 8.5.2.1
B API-653, Table 2-1
B Section IX, QW-191.2.2
B API 650 3.10.1 (a)
A API 650 3.1.5.7 c
C Section V, T-282
B API 650 3.10.1 (a)
D API 653 APP. “B” B-6
B API-652, 7.3.2
B 6.5.1 650
A Section V, T-276
C Section IX, QW-200.1
B IX QW-461.9
B Section IX, QW-402.2
D API-653, 9.2.2
D QW-451.1
B IX QW-451.1
B IX Forward
C API 651-1.2.1
C API 650 6.2.4
B API-653-4.3.2.1
B API-653 4.5
38
B API 653 Table 4-1
D ASME Section V-T375
B API 650-7.2.2.4
A API 2015 – 3.3
D IX QW-421
D API-653 4.3.3.2
C API 650-3.6.4
B API-653, 2.2.4.4
D API 651 2.2.2
B API 651 2.2.2
A API 650< M.4.1
B API 2207, 1.1
B API 651 5.2.1
D API 653 Appendix C, C.1.1.1
C API 653 11.2.1
B Section V-T620
B API 653 4.3.3.2 (c)
C API 650-Table A-4
D API 653 Appendix B.2.2.3
C API 653, 2.5.3
C API 653 2.3.3.1
A API 653 10.5.1.2
C IX QW-432
C Section IX, QW 251.2
B API 650 6.3.3
C API 650 6.1.3.1
B API 650-3.4.1
B API 653, 2.3.1.2
C API-653, Table 4-1; 4.5
C API 650 – Appendix A.2.2 Table A-1
C API-653, 2.3.6
D API 653, 2.2.3.3
D API 650 – 3.7.5.1 (Table 3-5)
D API 653 2.3.3.1
A API 650 – 6.1.2.2
C API 650 – J.3.5.3 (Table J-1)
C API-650 Table 2-4
C API 650 7.2.2.5 or Table 2-3
A API 653 – 10.2.1.2
D API 650 6.5.1
C API 653 8.5.6.2 b
C Section V, T277.3
C API 652 4.4
C API 653 – 7.13
D API 2015, 2.1
A API-653, 2.3.4.1
B API 653, 2.3.2.1
B API-650, 2.2.8.3
D API 650 – 3.4.2
C API 653 APP. “B” B-2
C API 650 2.2.8.3
39
B API 650 2.2.8.3
B API Chapter II, 202.022
C API 653 10.3.1.1
D Section V, T277
A Section V, T282, T283
B API 653 Table 2-1
B Section V T-232
D API 653 Notes for FIG. 3-1
B ”API 653 APP. “B
D ,API 653
A API 653, 4.8.3
D API 653 4.3.3.3
D API 653, appendix C.2.7.4
B API 653, 4.3.1.3
D API 653 4.3.2.2
D API 651 8.4.1
C API 653 4.4.2.1
D API 653 4.4.2.1
A API – 653, 4.4.1
C API 653 – 4.4.2.1
A API 650 8.1.1
B API 650 6.4.3
A API 650 6.2.1
B API-652, 7.3.2.2
B API 653 Figure 7-1
D API 653 2.3.3.2
D API 650 6.1.5, 6.2.4, 6.3.4
C API 650 5.2.1.1
C API 650 – 3.1.3.3
D API 650 3.6.1.8
D API 650 – 3.7.2.1
C API 650 appendixes C & H
C API 650 3.6.3.1
C API 650 – 5.4.2
D API 653, 2.3.9
C API 650 2.2.1.4
A API 650, 3.6.1.5
D API 653 9.1.2
D Section V, T150 c
D API-651, 1.1.3
A API 650 6.1.5
B API 650 – 5.3.5
B API-653, 2.3.6
A API 651 – 3.3.1.3 (Table – 1)
D API 653 Figure 7-1
C API Chapter XIII 13.4.2.11
C API 653 4.3.1.2
C API-653, 8.5.5
C API 653 4.3.2.1
D API 650 Appendix H.3.5
D API 653, 2.3.9
40
D API-653 2.2.3.1
B API 650 5.2.1.8
A API 653, 4.3.2.4
A API 653, 11.1.1
B API 653/10.4 & 650 5.3.5
C API 653, 7.9.11
C API 653, 2.3.2.1 See Note
A IX QW-120
D API 653 1.1.1
C API-653, 2.4.1
D API 653 10.3.1.2 (c)
D API 2015 1.4
B API 653 4.4.2.1
C General Knowledge
A API 653 Table C-2.1 a & b
B API 20151.3.10
D API 653 B.3.3
D General Knowledge
D Section IX, QW-492
B API 653 4.2.2
D 1.3.1 2015
B API 653, 8.4.2.5
A API 653, 8.4.2.5
B API 653 4.4.2.1
A ”API 653 APP. “B
D API 653 7.2.2.1
B API 653, 4.3.2.1, 4.4.2.1
A API 650 3.1.3.3
A API 653 2.4.8.1
A 1.3.8 2015
D API 653-8.3.2.1
C API 650 3.6.4.3 Table K-2
C API 651, 1.1.1
B API 650 – 3.1.5.5
D API 653, 8.4.3.2
C API 653 2.3.3.1
A API 653, - 8.2
C API 653, 6.4.1
D API 650-1.1.1 and 653-1.1.1
B 1.3.2 2015
D API 653, 2.3.3.3
A API 651 3.4.4
C API 653 4.3.3.22
C Sec. V, T940, T941, T942, T943
B API 653-4.3.1, 4.3.2 & 4.3.3
B API 653, 1.5.1 (a)
C API 653 4.10
D .API-653, Appendix B.2
B Section IX, QW-202.1
A API 650 APP-C C.3.3.4
A API 650, 2.2.1.2.3
41
C API 650 3.6.1.2
A API 650 6.3.1
B API 650 6.1.2.2 (C)
B API 650 5.2.1.8 & 6.5
B API 653, 7.5.3
D API 650 7.4
C API 653 – 9.2.1
A IX QW-322
B IX QW-432
D API-653, 9.1.1
C IX Article 2
A SECTION V, T233, T262
A API-653, 2.4.7
A Section IX, QW-162
D API 650 – 3.8.4
D QW-432
C API-653, 2.5.1.2
A Section V, T110
A 2.4.7.1
D API 650 – Appendix A Table A-1 C = 0.14D2H
B API 650 – F.7, Table F-1
D API 650 Table A-1
C API 650 - 3.8.6
B API-653, 8.3.2; API-653, 8.3.4.1
C API 652 3.6 and 8.1
D (Table – 1) 3.2 – 2015
D API 650 - 5.2.1.4
C API 650 – 5.2.1.4
D API 653 APP. “B” B-5
A ”API 653 APP. “B
B API 653 4.3.3.2
D API 650 – 5.5.2
B API-653, 8.4.2.6
B API 653 – 10.5.1.2
B API 650 – 6.1.3.4
D API-653 2.3.3.1
A Sec. V, T-282.1
D API 653 2.3.7
A API-650 3.6.1.1
B API 650 3.4.1
C API 653 – 10.5.1.2
C API 650 - 2.2.9.2 (Fig. 2-1)
A V-T282.1
C API 653 – 10.5.1.2
D API 650 – 3.7.7 (Table 3-12)
C API 650 – A.4 (See 3.6.1.1)
B API 650 – 6.1.2.8
A API – 651, Section 3
A API 650 3.6.1.1
B API 653 8.5.3
A API-653, 1.6
42
B API-653, 8.3.5.2
D API 653 – 10.1.3.2
A API-653, 2.3.5
C API 650 – 6.1.2.2
C API 650 3.8.4
A ASME V Article 2
C API 653 2.3.3.1
C API-653, 11.1.2
D API 653 4.4.3
A API 653 – 6.4.4
A IX QW-200.1
A API 650 – 5.5.5.2 a
B API 653 2.3.2.1 (c)
D API – 653, 2.2.2
C API-653, 2.3.1.3; 2.3.2.2
A API 650 6.4.1
B API-652, 5.4
A API-653 7.12.1
B API 650 2.2.8.1
B API 653 – 10.3.1.1
C API 653 8.3.2.2
B Section V, T-284
A API 653 4.4.2.2
A API 653 Appendix C, C.1.1.4
D API 650 – 6.1.2.5
C API 650 – 6.1.2.5
B API 653 – 4.3.3.2
C API 653 4.3.3.2
A API 650 5.3.3.4
D Section V, T-542.7.1
B API 652 – 4.3, Table 1
D API-653, 4.4.2
C API 653, Appendix C.2.1.1.1
D API-651, 2.1.1
D API-652, Section 2
D API-651 3.1.4
A API-653, 2.5
C General Knowledge
D API-653, 2.4.2
B API-653, 2.1.3
A API 653, 2.3.5.1
D API-653, 11.1.1
D API-653, 8.3.3.2
A API-653 2.2.3.1
D API-653, 9.2.2
B Table 1 4.3 652
B API Chapter XIII 13.4.1
B IX QW-200.1
B IX QW-103.1
A XIII 650
C API 653 2.3.2.2
43
44