DRUG STUDY

NURSING
DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT
CONSIDERATION
Generic Name: Short-term treatment Gastric acid-pump Contraindicated with
omeprazole 40mg/ of activeduodenal inhibitor: Suppresses hypersensitivity to Diarrhea, nausea, Caution patient to
tab 1 tab OD ulcer; First-linetherapy gastric acid omeprazoleor its fatigue, swallow capsules
in treatment secretion by specific components;Use constipation, whole—not to open,
of heartburn or inhibition of the cautiously with vomiting, flatulence, chew, or crush them.
symptoms hydrogen-potassium pregnancy,lactation. acid regurgitation, Arrange for further
of gastroesophageal ATP as enzyme taste perversion, evaluation of patient
Brand Name: refluxdisease (GERD); system at the arthralgia, myalgia, after 8 weeks of
Risek Short-termtreatment of secretory surface urticaria, dry mouth, therapy for gastro
active benigngastric of the gastric dizziness, headache, reflux disorders; not
ulcer; GERD, parietal cells; blocks paraesthesia, intended for
Drug Classification: severeerosive the final step of acid abdominal pain, skin maintenance therapy.
proton pump esophagitis, production. rashes, weakness, Administer antacids
inhibitors (PPI) poorlyresponsive back pain, upper with omeprazole, if
symptomatic GERD respiratory infection, needed.
cough. Teaching points: Take
the drug before meals.
Swallow the capsules
Potentially whole; do not chew,
Fatal: Anaphylaxis. open, or crush them.
This drug will need to
be taken for up to 8wk
(short-term therapy) or
for a prolonged
period(> 5 yr in some
cases). Have regular
medical follow-up
visits.
 DRUG STUDY

NURSING
DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT
CONSIDERATION
Generic Name: Treatment for The drug passes Contraindicated with Assess History of
lactulose 30 cc constipation. Prevents unchanged into the allergy to lactulose, low- GI Allergy to lactulose,
ODHS patient from straining colon where galactose diet. low-galactose diet.
therefore avoiding bacteria break it Transient flatulence, Assess if with diabetes,
Brand name: increase in intracranial down to organic distention, intestinal pregnancy, and
Lilac pressure. acids that increase Use cautiously with cramps, belching, lactation.
the osmotic pressure diabetes, pregnancy, and diarrhea, nausea.
Drug Classification: in the colon and lactation. Physical Assessment
Laxative; Ammonia slightly acidify the Abdominal
reduction drug colonic contents, examination, bowel
resulting in an Other sounds, serum
increase in stool electrolytes, serum
Acid-base
water content, stool ammonia levels.
imbalances
softening, laxative
action. This also Do not freeze laxative
results in migration of form. Ask patient to
blood ammonia into report diarrhea, severe
the colon contents belching, abdominal
with subsequent fullness.
trapping and
expulsion of feces.
 DRUG STUDY

DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic Name: Treatment for Partial The drug Appears to Contraindicated Asses if patient had any
levetiracetam 500 onset seizures inhibit burst firing with Hypersensitivity; CNS: SUICIDAL suicidal attempts before.
mg/tab 1 tab q12h (adjunct). Primary without affecting Lactation: Lactation. THOUGHTS, dizziness, Assess patient’s mental
generalized tonic- normal neuronal fatigue/somnolence, status.
Brand name: clonic seizures excitability and may weakness, Assess duration, location
Vexlev (adjunct) selectively prevent behavioral and characteristics of
(immediaterelease hyper abnormalities. seizure activity.
Drug Classification: and injection only). synchronization of Confirm medication from
Anticonvulsants; Myoclonic seizures in epileptiform burst Neuro: coordination doctor’s orders.
pyrrolidines patients with juvenile firing and difficulties (adults Obtain prescribed dose.
myoclonic epilepsy propagation of only). Confirm patient’s identity.
(adjunct)(immediate- seizure activity. Administer medication
release and injection whole.
only).. Do not crush, break or
chew.
Practice aseptic
technique.
May administer medication
without regard to meals.
Observe patient’s behavior
closely for at least 15-30
minutes after
administration
Instruct patient to slowly
move to prevent dizziness.
Instruct patient to rest to
decrease risk of falls.
 DRUG STUDY

NURSING
DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT
CONSIDERATION
Generic Name: Inflammatory & The drug suppresses Contraindicated with Avoid being near
dexamethasone allergic conditions phagocytosis of immunosupressed Excessive mental people who are sick
40mg/tab 1 tab q12h responsive to heat killed patients. stimulation, increase or have infections.
corticosteroid therapy Saccharomyces appetite, muscle Call your doctor for
Brand name: eg skin diseases, cerevisiae in cultures twitching, weight preventive treatment
Decilone forte collagen diseases, of murine peritoneal gain, tachycardia, if you are exposed to
blood dyscrasia, macrophages. insomnia & psychic chickenpox or
Drug Classification: certain neoplastic Recent observations disturbances measles.
Corticosteroid; Anti- disease & suggest that Avoid drinking alcohol
inflammatory and adrenocortical dexamethasone while you are taking
immunosuppressant.; insufficiency induces a dexamethasone.
phagocytic Do not receive a "live"
inhibitory protein vaccine while using
that suppresses dexamethasone.
yeast ingestion by Do not stop using
inhibiting dexamethasone
macrophage suddenly.
phospholipase A2
activity.
 DRUG STUDY

NURSING
DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT
CONSIDERATION
Generic Name: Increases protection The drug assists in Use of sodium ascorbate Take large doses of
sodium ascorbate mechanism of the collagen formation, in patients on sodium GI: Nausea, vitamin C in divided
500mg/tab 1 tab BID immune system, thus tissue repair, and is restriction; use of calcium vomiting, heartburn, amounts because the
supporting wound involved in oxidation ascorbate in patients diarrhea. body uses only what is
Brand name: healing. Necessary for reduction reaction receiving digitalis. Safety Hematologic: Acute needed at a
Fern-C wound healing and and other metabolic during pregnancy hemolytic anemia particular time and
resistance to infection reactions. (category C) or lactation (patients with excretes the rest in
Drug Classification: is not established. deficiency of G6PD); urine.
vitamins sickle cell crisis. CNS: • Megadomes
Headache (high can interfere with
doses). Urogenital: absorption of
Urethritis, dysuria, vitamin B12.
crystalluria (high Note: Vitamin C
doses). Other: Mild increases the
soreness at injection absorption of iron
site; dizziness and when taken at the
temporary faintness same time as iron-rich
with rapid IV foods.
administration Assess Lab tests:
Periodic Hct & Hgb,
serum electrolytes.
Monitor for S&S of
acute hemolytic
anemia, sickle cell
crisis.
 DRUG STUDY

NURSING
DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT
CONSIDERATION
Generic Name: treat bacterial Co-amoxiclav Penicillin hypersensitivity. Assess bowel pattern
co-amoxiclav infections. It is contains two History of co-amoxiclav- Lethargy, before and during
625mg/tab 1 tab x 7 prescribed for sinus ingredients, associated or penicillin- hallucinations, treatment as
days q12h infections, urine amoxicillin and associated jaundice or seizures, glossitis, sore pseudomembranous
infections, skin clavulanic acid. The hepatic dysfunction. mouth, furry tongue, colitis may occur.
Brand name: infections, joint first ingredient, black “hairy Report hematuria or
Augmentin infections and some amoxicillin, is a tongue”, nausea oliguria as high doses
dental infections. It is penicillin antibiotic and vomiting, can be nephrotoxic.
Drug Classification: also given before which treats diarrhea, abdominal Assess respiratory
Penicillin antibiotic some surgical infection by killing pain, bloody status.
operations, to prevent the bacteria diarrhea, Observe for
an infection from responsible for the enterocolitis. anaphylaxis.
developing. infection. Some Ensure that the
bacteria are able to patient has adequate
produce a chemical fluid intake during any
which makes diarrhea attack.
amoxicillin less
effective. The
second ingredient,
clavulanic acid,
stops this from
happening.
Clavulanic acid
stops the chemical
produced by the
bacteria from
working, and this
allows the amoxicillin
to kill the bacteria.
 DRUG STUDY

NURSING
DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT
CONSIDERATION
Generic Name: To relieve mild to Paracetamol may Hypersensitivity to Assess patient’s fever
paracetamol moderate pain due to cause analgesia by acetaminophen or Hematologic: or pain: type of pain,
500 mg/tab 1 tab things such as inhibiting CNS phenacetin; use with location, intensity,
PRN headache, muscle prostaglandin alcohol hemolytic anemia, duration,
and joint pain, synthesis. The leukopenia, temperature, and
Brand name: backache and period mechanism of neutropenia, diaphoresis.
biogesic pains. It is also used to morphine is believed pancytopenia,
bring down a high to involve thrombocytopenia. Assess allergic
Drug Classification: temperature decreased reactions: rash,
Analgesic ( Non- permeability of the Hepatic: urticaria; if these
opioid); Antipyretic cell membrane to occur, drug may have
sodium, which results liver damage, to be discontinued.
in diminished jaundice
transmission of pain Teach patient to
Metabolic:
impulses therefore recognize signs of
hypoglycemia
analgesia. chronic overdose:
bleeding, bruising,
Skin: rash, urticaria
malaise, fever, sore
throat.

Tell patient to notify

prescriber for pain/
fever lasting for more
than 3 days.
 DRUG STUDY

DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING CONSIDERATION

Generic To reduce Increases Active intracranial CNS: dizziness, headache, seizures Assess skin turgor, mucous
Name: intracranial osmotic bleeding (except membranes and mental status
mannitol pressure and pressure of during craniotomy), CV: chest pain, hypotension, before administration of drug.
100 cc/iv q8h brain mass plasma in anuria secondary to hypertension, tachycardia, Assess signs for electrolyte
glomerular severe renal disease, thrombophlebitis, heart failure, imbalance.
Brand name: filtrate, progressive heart vascular overload Monitor Vital signs including
Osmitrol inhibiting failure, pulmonary central venous pressure and
tubular congestion, renal EENT: blurred vision, rhinitis output.
Drug reabsorption of damage, or renal Store at room temperature.
Classification: water and dysfunction after GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry Use a filter with concentrated
Osmotic electrolytes mannitol therapy mouth mannitol (15%, 20% and 25%).
diuretic (including begins, severe Be alert for adverse reactions
sodium and pulmonary congestion GU: polyuria, urinary retention, and drug interactions.
potassium). or pulmonary edema, osmotic nephrosis Monitor hepatic and renal
These actions and severe function during therapy.
enhance water dehydration. Metabolic: dehydration, water Monitor IV site carefully to
flow from intoxication, hypernatremia, avoid extravasations and tissue
various tissues hyponatremia, hypovolemia, necrosis
and ultimately hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, Do not add to other IV solutions
decrease metabolic acidosis or mix with other medications.
intracranial and Watch for excessive fluid loss
intraocular Respiratory: pulmonary and signs and symptoms of
pressures. congestion hypovolemia and
dehydration.
Skin: rash, urticaria Assess for evidence of
circulatory overload, including
Other: chills, fever, thirst, edema, pulmonary edema, water
extravasation with edema and intoxication, and heart failure.
tissue necrosis
DRUG STUDY