POSITION PAPER

Committee : World Health Organization (WHO)\

Country : Madagascar
Topic : Climate Change and Global Effort on Reducing The
Distribution of Vector-Borne Diseases

Human life is dependent on the dynamics of the earth’s climate system. Vectors
are living aganisms that can transmit infectous disease between humans of from animal
to humans. Many of there vestors are bloodsocking insects, which ingest disease-
producting microorganism during a blood meal from on infection host (human or
animal). And later inject it into a new host during their subsuduent blood meal. Vector
borne disease are among the most well studied of the disease associated whit climate
change. The simplest connections are though temperature. Affecting the biting, survival
and reproductive rates of the vactors and the survival and development rates of the
pathogens that thay carry.

According to WHO, the climate change is expected to make malaria bordens

higher that thay would otherwise have been. Specifically WHO responds to vector-borne
diseases by:

 providing evidence-based guidance for controlling vectors and protecting people

against infection;
 providing technical support to countries so that they can effectively manage
cases and outbreaks;
 supporting countries to improve their reporting systems and capture the true
burden of the disease;
 providing training (capacity building) on clinical management, diagnosis and
vector control with some of its collaborating centres throughout the world
 supporting the development and evaluation of new tools, technologies and
approaches for vector borne diseases, include vector control and disease
management technologies

WHO works with partners to provide education and improve awareness so that
people know how to protect themselves and their communities from mosquitoes,
ticks, bugs, flies and other vectors.

Madagascar climate have a 2 season

1. the dry season lasts from May until October, and the rainy
2. season spans November to April

Madagascar’s nationally determined contribution respoons provides many examples

of climate change already observed in Madagascar, all of which have indirect but
systemic influences on the determinants of public well-being and health
Drawn from the NOC and other sources, can be broadly connected to
(1) increased temperatures
(2) extended drought periods and increased variability of rainfall
(3) intensification of cyclones and floods associated with cyclonic disturbances, and
(4) increasing sea level and sea-surface temperatures

Madagascar is likely to experience an increase in vector- borne disease for number of

reason.
As climate change is expected to increase temperatures and precipitation, this will
create conditions that are ripe for the biological proliferation of vector-borne disease.
Temperature affects arthropod vector development at embryonic, larval, and pupal
stages, it influences adult feeding behavior, and it affects adult life spans. Environments
are often needed for breeding stages; high precipitation can create more reservoits and
thus amplity the number offbreeding sites. Vector borne have 3 type : malaria, filariasis,
and schictosomiasis

Madagascar wants this climate change to not cause vector borne disease,
So Madagascar want to eradicate vector-borne in the following ways

• Develop an integrated health and environmental surveillance system that includes, at

a minimum, meteorological and health data for use as an early warning system.
• Strengthen integrated vector management approaches and align timing and location of
activities with potential climateinduced shifts in disease burden.
• Align agricultural, livestock, and forestry land-use planning to minimize disease
transmission.
• Adopt a government-wide One Health approach to manage zoonotic disease risks.

My advice for the solution to this problem is

1.Improve prevention such as providing supplements or vitamins to increase endurance.
by using a system that is good for the community, especially in disadvantaged areas
2. Eradicate the vector that causes disease
3. Improve environmental health
4. Do recovery to the community, especially people who have a degree of education
that is not too high. so that all people are aware of the importance of health and the
danger of this problem to their survival
 Bibliography

https://www.who.int/vector-control/en/
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/vector-borne-diseases
The World Bank . 2018. Madagascar Climate Change and Health Diagnostic. 1818 H
St. NW Washington, DC, 20433 : International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development/The World Bank