CC 608 BUILDING SERVICES

TOPIC 5: AIR CONDITIONING

NO. NAME MATRIX NO.
1. NURUL SYAHIDAH BT ROSLAN 08DKA13F1001

2. NUR FAIZATUL FARIHA BT YAZID MUSTAFFA 08DKA13F1009

3. MOHD ALIF IQMAL BIN MOHD ZAINI 08DKA13F1017

4. FITRI YENNY BT DARMAYULIS 08DKA13F1025

5. NURUL AFIQAH BT MOHD. BAHARUDIN 08DKA13F1065

 Air conditioner is an appliance, system, or
mechanism designed to extract heat from
DEFINITION

an area using a refrigeration cycle.

Air conditioning is the treatment of the air

to:
• Control temperature
• Control Humidity
• Provide ventilation or air movement
• Clean the air
 USES OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

At office
• Comfortable to people
• Produce a good quality of work &
• Increase productivity

Keep the valuable parts and components are not

damage, ex: computer.

Control the temperature & humidity in the room

Keep medicines / food in a good condition.

 Air conditioner principle

Temperature

Basic
principles

Pressure Heat
The main components
Creates the pressure
differences in the system
needed to make
refrigerant flow and the
refrigeration cycle work.

Compressing the
refrigerant fluid and it
will turn to gas pressure
and high temperature.
Involving heat transfer,
materials used to condense
from gas to liquid (cooling
process).

A heat exchanger where the

heat absorbed by the
refrigerant is transferred to the
cooler outdoor air or another
cooler substance.
1. Lowering the temperature
and pressure of the liquid
refrigerant.

1. Provides a pressure drop

that lowers the boiling
point
of the refrigerant just
before
it enters the evaporator.
 Will turn into liquid natural gas and cold air
generated.

 (The cooling coil)— A heat exchanger where the

heat from the area or item being cooled is
transferred to the refrigerant.
Refrigeration cycle contains
the refrigerant gas
movement.

Gas air conditioning system

: R410a (environmentally
friendly).

R-22 (Old standard).

The main reason :

 is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon
(HCFC) compound, contains
ozone-depleting chlorine.
 • Increased comfort level.
1.

• In extreme heat, air-conditioning can be a life saver.

2.

• Most AC reduce the humidity level, which helps both

3. comfort & reduces mold growth.

• Less noise as the windows will be closed.

4.

• Prevents the dust entering the room as the windows will

be closed
5.
1. Most air conditioners use a substantial amount
of energy, costing money & contributing to
pollution from power plants.

2. Older models contain chemicals can

damage the environment if they
escape releasing the CFC's.

3. Encourages laziness,
spending time indoors
instead of out.

4. High cost.
 • It pumps vapor refrigerant through the system
1.
• Vapour is being compressed to transforms from low-
2. temperature to high temperature

• High temperature effect a high pressure to be

3.
• It maintains the internal pressure of your home unit based
4. on the temperature of it surroundings

• The vapour is then released from the compressor into the

5. discharge line.
Process can be divided into 2 type condensor:
Water cooling process
1. refrigerant vapor is passed through a coil
that is submerged in a container filled with
water
2. The water supplied to the container is
maintained at a lower temperature
3. Heat from the refrigerant is transferred to
the water through the coil walls
4. The water that carries the heat from the
container then discharge to the drain
Air cooling process
1. refrigerant vapor is passed through a fan-
cooled coil
2. The air blown over the coil is cooler than
the refrigerant vapor.
3. heat is release to the air through the coil
walls
4. The air is then blown to the outdoors and
the heat is dissipated in the atmosphere
 • Refrigerant enters the valve under pressure.
1.

• Then, it enters the low-pressure area of the cooling coil.

2.
• The valve port acts as a metering device between a high-pressure
3. area (the condenser) and a low-pressure area (the cooling coil).

• The boiling point of a liquid is reduced when the pressure of the

liquid is reduced. The liquid refrigerant begins to vaporize once it
4. passes through the valve port into the low-pressure area
 • undergoes a state of change back from a liquid to a gas
1.
• cool air being blown over the coils from the indoor unit
2.
• The air coming into contact with these coils cools the air as it passes through
3. the system before being returned back into the area that is being cooled

• The gas leaves the Evaporator as a low pressure, low temperature, and sub-
4. cooled vapor

• The vapor then returns back into the compressor to start the whole process
5. over again
 1. ENERGY
CONSUMPTION

6. LOCATION 2. BUDGET

FACTOR IN
CHOOSING TYPE OF
AIR CONDITIONING

5. INSTALLATION &
3. NOISE
MAINTAINANCE

4. PRACTICALITY
 Air conditioner system
of installation

1) Centralized Unit
2) Split Unit
Central Air Conditioners
Used for applications like large buildings having multiple floor,hotels,malls
and hospitals.

It is economically to used centralized unit to be air conditioned completely for

large buildings.

Plant room : Large compressor,condenser,thermostatic expansion valve and

evaporator.

Compressor ( open reciprocating): Multiple cylinders that is cooled by water

like automobile engine.

The chilled is passed via the ducts and can be controlled depending on total
heat inside room.

Types : Direct expansion,chilled water

 Split Air Conditioners

Used for small room and halls. Example :bedroom,small office.

Outdoor unit consists of condenser and compressor.

Indoor unit consists evaporator and furnace(heat pump).

The condenser will cooling the compressed Freon gas and the expansion
coil converted the gas into low temperature partial gas and partial liquid.

The blower in indoor unit sucks the hot,humid and filtered the air.

The temperature can be maintained by thermostat setting.

The air conditioner have asthetic looks and very low noise to ensure sleep
well.
Split unit
Difficult maintenance since the split unit is
locate for different room. Difficult to find
qualified service people.
Small size and flexibility but cost of system is
high,double monthly costs.
One area or room can have different
temperature than other room.
Temperature control by remote control as
user need
Centralized Unit
Easier maintenance because the system
installed in one location. The temperature in
every room is same.
The central unit ducts often leak which effect
energy efficiency.
Need plant room (large unit) but lower fuel
costs with heat pump options
Temperature control by the air conditioner to
maintain cool air in building.
Effect of Air Conditioner to
the Environment
 Air pollution by releasing poisonous gases.
 Global warming
 Health hazard
 Consume a lot more electricity
 More climate pollutants
 
LATEST ECO AIR CONDITIONING
Toshiba Air Conditioning Australia's High
Wall Quiet

 
 Rapid heat and cool
 5 year warranty
 Wired or wireless control
 Reverse cycle (heating and cooling)
 Powerful operation
 Easy to install
 DC inverter system
 Easy to use controller
Toshiba Ducted Air Conditioning
System

 
 Quiet operation
 Rapid heat and cool functions
 Powerful operation
 5 year warranty
 Low maintenance
 Easy to use controller
Eco-friendly Solar Hybrid Air
Conditioner from LG

 
 Sustainable thinking is very “fashionable” right now.
 Amazing design concept comes from LG.
 Attached to the outdoor unit there is a solar cell
system which can produce enough power (70
watts/hour) to ensure a part of the air conditioner’s
energy supply .
 Smart systems attached decrease the bill at the end of
the month also contribute to a sustainable
environment worldwide
Mitsubishi electric (wall mount)
MSZ-GE06NA-9

 
 Advanced Filtration
This model has multi-stage allergen filtration, removing particulates and
contaminants from the air with continuous fan operation for better air
circulation.
 Wireless Operation
Models equipped with a wireless remote control are compatible with optional
RedLink™ enabled wireless controllers that offer smartphone and tablet
control.
 Whisper Quiet
This unit is whisper-quiet, so you can enjoy your space without interruption.
 Energy Star Qualified
Increased energy efficiency helps you save money on your energy bills and
reduces carbon pollution and other greenhouse gases.
 EFFECT OF AIR CONDITIONING
GASES TO GLOBAL WARMING

 injecting additional carbon into the air, a gas known
to insulate the planet and contribute to global
warming.
 Earth's temperature has increased by about 1 degree
Fahrenheit (0.56 degrees Celsius) in the last century.
 increase is due to increased volumes of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gases released by the
burning of fossil fuels.
 As the middle class in China and India has grown, so
has the demand for air-conditioning
 

THE END