Tugas Kelompok 4

(Minggu10 / Sesi 15)

Kelompok 3
1. Alief Fauzia Amalia (2001644092)
2. Muhammad Tri Sutrisno (2001647945)
3. Dimas Daniel Jordan Simanjuntak (2001643240)
4. Holong M Situmorang (2001619033)
5. Rachmannudin (2001618945)

PART A

1. Define data, information , and knowledge. Please explain how each item related to one
another
2. What kind of decision that can be supported by IT? Give example and explain your answer
3. How Business Intelligence can help management make decisions? Why BI is said can
increase the company's revenue?
4. Why does company need to use software development methodology when decided to build
their own system?
5. What is the advantage of Agile compared to traditional SDLC?

Answer :

1. Data is unprocessed facts and figures without any added interpretation or analysis.
Information is data that has been interpreted so that it has meaning for the user.
Knowledge is a combination of information, experience, and insight that may benefit the
individual or the organization.
How this three terms related are sequential. Data gathered and becomes information when it is
applied to some purpose and adds value for the recipient. For example a set of raw sales figures
is data, this raw data needs to be processed into a sales report, so it will provide information for
sales manager to use for certain purpose. Series of information gathered will create knowledge.
Ultimately, tremendous amount of information that is generated is only usefull if it can be applied
to create knowledge within organization. The right information fuels the development of
intellectal capital which in turns drives innovation and performance improvement. Summaries of
three terms relations towards one and another can be seen on below diagram.

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 2. The type of information required by decision makers in a company is directly related to:

 the level of management decision making

 the amount of structure in the decision situations managers face

The levels of management decision making that must be supported by information technology
in a successful organization are:

Strategic management: As part of a strategic planning process top executives

i. develop overall organizational goals, strategies, policies, and

ii. monitor the strategic performance of the organization and its overall direction in the
political, economic, and competitive business environment

Tactical management: Business unit managers and business professionals in self-directed

teams

i. develop short- and medium-range plans, schedules, budgets and specify policies,
procedures, and business objectives for their sub-units of the company, and
ii. allocate resources and monitor the performance of their organizational sub-units,
including departments, divisions, process teams, project teams, and other
workgroups.

Operational management: Operating managers and members of self-directed teams

i. develop short-range plans (e.g. weekly production schedules), and

ii. direct the use of resources and the performance of tasks according to procedures
and within budgets and schedules they establish for the teams and other
workgroups of the organization.

3. Business Intelligence is often called a savvy manager’s guide. It helps organizations deliver a
better business performance by leveraging critical information from the entire value chain. The
ability to collect and analize external and internal business data can dictate how well an
organization can generate knowledge and ultimately value. At its best, Business Intelligence
empowers decision makers with deep real-time insight into the organization’s finances,
customers, inventory, supply chain and other critical business measures; enabling them to make
better business decisions at all level of the organization.
How Business Intelligence increasing revenue?
Business Intelligence (BI) systems offer not only limitless possibilities for promoting operational
efficiency but Business Intelligence can also have a dramatic impact on revenue growth. It doesnt
require a huge investment in software but a well thought out strategy for getting information our
of the data warehouse and in front of decision makers. For example, BI for the best sales
prospects. Through BI, sales department can have client database with the best sales prospect
where they can make business decisions to improve profit by analyzing informations provided.
With BI, sales can analyze which region has weak sales and which one has good revenue, so they

ISYS6299 – Information System Concept

 can make decision whether to eliminate or close bad business in certain areas or try to make
improvement.
4. A software development methodology or system development methodology in software
engineering is a splitting of software development work into distinct phase (or stages) containing
activities with the intent of better plannning and management. Why a company need this system
to build their own system? Because, Software Development Methodology offers important steps
for building software using its cycle. Process building software divided into few steps and for big
system, each steps will be build by each different team. There are 4 methodology to build
software using this : Waterfall, Prototype, RAD (Rapid Application Development), and Agile
Software Development. For example concept of waterfall model can be seen on below diagram :

5. Traditional SDLC are characterized by a sequential series of steps like requirement definition,
planning, building, testing and development, while Agile Software Development is a lot rigorous
than the former SDLC, incremental and iterative development, where phases of the process are
revisited time and again. Agile developers recognize that software is not a large block of a
structure, but an incredibly organic entity with complex moving parts interacting with each other.
Thus, they give more importance to adaptability and constant compatibility testing. From here
the advantage of Agile compared to traditional SDLC are :
a. Customer/user is constantly in the loop, suggesting improvements and reviewing every
phase. This increased customer involvement works on two levels – one is that it makes
reflective changes easy, as opposed to traditional development where chunks of system
might have to be dismantled to improve a small part, and the second being that it increases
the customer satisfaction drastically.
b. Development flexibility, since the customer interaction is so extensive at every stage of
development, and since the developers are the ones who are handling the interaction, the
amount of architectural, functional and fiscal flexibility endowed to the project is pretty high.
c. Low cost especially the reworking costs, where in Agile tend to shoot after a bout of testing
are very low than traditional methods. Since testing is not compartmentalized in agile

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 development, a potential problem can be identified and swiftly dealt with. This affects the
corrective maintenance costs for the software.
d. Focuses on Business Value by allowing client to determine the priority of features the team
understands what’s most important to the client’s business, and can deliver the features
that provide the most business value.
e. Early and Predictable Delivery by using time-boxed, fixed schedule Sprints of 1-4 weeks, new
features are delivered quickly and frequently, with a high level of predictability. This also
provides the opportunity to release or beta test the software earlier than planned if there is
sufficient business value.

PART B

Analytics Helps Farmers

Farmers have always had plenty of data but few tools to helpthem analyze the data. For example, they
receive data from theirfeeding machines as well as reports on health status, reproductivestatus, and
milk production from their veterinarians. Historicallythey had to sit down, collate the printed reports, and
try to makesense of them.

Today, farmers have another option: They can use Fameron(https://www.farmeron.com). Founded by
Matija Kopic, a Croatian,Fameron (launched in November 2011) is a Web-based service thatfarmers
use to analyze the various types of information they receiveconcerning their animals: diet, health,
reproduction, milk production,and medicine or drug dosages. Farmeron connects the datagenerated by
the farm machinery directly to the Web. Farmeronprovides analysis and dashboards (discussed later in
this chapter)to its clients to help them achieve insights into how well their farmsare performing. The
company’s services are extremely fast andappealing to use. Where it once took days for a dairy farmer
toinput and analyze months of diet and medical data, Farmeron’sservice makes the conclusions
available instantly.

One Croatian dairy farmer with 400 cows claimed that Farmeronhelped him to meet laws for animal
tracking and sales and also toreport animal deaths to the insurance companies. The farmer alsouses
Farmeron to manage daily feed rations and feed purchases,which is critical because feed can represent
up to 70 percent of hisfarm’s expenses.

As of mid-2013, Farmeron focused largely on dairy and beefcows. It charged farmers who own up to
75 cows about 25 centsper head monthly; those with up to 600 cows pay about 45 centsper month.
Larger farms pay on a custom plan. Kopic is consideringexpanding his operation to include chickens
and pigs. In oneinstance a frog farmer requested his service. Because Farmeroncollects data across
many farms, the company can make broadconclusions about what works concerning best practices. A
bestpractice is a method or technique that has consistently shownsuperior results to those achieved
with other means; for this reasonit is used as a benchmark. Fameron can also provide
recommendationsfor improving production. Kopic believes that Farmeroncan be particularly useful in
emerging markets where knowledgeconcerning best practices.

Farmeron runs on the Web, so farmers can access its serviceson their tablet computers. Although some
tablets are dropped inthe “wrong” places on farms and get fi lthy, farmers appreciatehaving all of the
relevant data with them. That way, they do nothave to go inside to search through a pile of hard-copy
spreadsheetson their desk.

More than 600 corporate farms use Farmeron services. Fortyfive percent of these farms are located in
North America, with thelargest having 4,000 animals. In May 2012, Farmeron signed apartnership with
Neelsen Agrar, a large German equipment companywith operations in more than 30 countries. Agrar is
sellingFarmeron to its clients.

ISYS6299 – Information System Concept

Farmeron does have competitors, including Farmlogs (http://farmlogs.com), Farm Works
(www.farmworks.com), and equipmentmanufacturer John Deere, which provides software and
Websupport for managing agricultural operations.

Questions
1. whichtypes of decision that the farmer need to make?
2. Why is having instantaneous data availability so important forfarmers? Provide examples to
support your answer.
3. What other agricultural applications might Kopic develop thatwould be useful to farmers?
Provide examples to supportyour answer.
4. What benefit does farmers get from using business inteligent?
.
Answer :
1. Types of decisions that the farmer need to make from the above explanation that Business
Intelligence. Business intelligence in the case of the above used to assist farmers in making
better decisions, quickly and precisely by using a system application technology. The
apllication of technology systems used to process data diet, health, reproduction, milk
production, and drug or drug dose of their animals into an information to improve the quality
and production of the farm.

2. Because, management daily feed rations and feed purchases can represent up to 70 percent
of his farm’s expenses. For example, if farmers don’t have a daily data feed animals, farmers
can only guess the needs of daily feed livestock, which can result in the availability of feed
excess amount or less. It will have an impact also on the health and productivity of animals.

3. Kopic is considering expanding his operation to include chickens and pigs. In one instance a
frog farmer requested his service. Because Farmeron collects data across many farms, the
company can make broad conclusions about what works concerning best practices. A best
practice is a method or technique that has consistently shown superior results to those
achieved with other means; for this reason it is used as a benchmark. Fameron can also
provide recommendations for improving production. Kopic believes that Farmeron can be
particularly useful in emerging markets where knowledge concerning best practices. For
example, Farmeron runs on the Web, so farmers can access its services on their tablet
computers. Although some tablets are dropped in the “wrong” places on farms and get filthy,
farmers appreciate having all of the relevant data with them. That way, they do not have to
go inside to search through a pile of hard-copy spread sheets on their desk.

4. The benefit does farmers get from using business inteligent are :
 The farmers do not have to go inside to search through a pile of hard-copy spread
sheets on their desk.
 The farmers have recommendations for improving production.
 The farmers can make broad conclusions about what works concerning best practices.
 The farmers can analyze the various types of information they receive concerning
their animals: diet, health, reproduction, milk production, and medicine or drug
dosages.

ISYS6299 – Information System Concept