Module III – Patriotism and National Pride

Meaning of National Pride :

 National pride is the positive affect that the public feels towards their country,
resulting from their national identity.
 It is both the pride and sense of esteem that a person has for one’s nation and
the pride and self-esteem that a person derives from one’s national identity.
 National Pride is a comprehensive term that includes both Patriotism and
Nationalism. Explanation :

{National pride is related to feelings of patriotism and nationalism. Patriotism is love of

one’s country, while nationalism is a strong national devotion that places one’s own
country above all others. National pride co-exists with patriotism and is a prerequisite of
nationalism, but nationalism extends beyond national pride, and feeling national pride is
not equivalent to being nationalistic.}

 National pride has both positive and negative connotations that exist,
simultaneously. {Mainly, national pride is love for your own country, even
though there’s no need to agree with everything that your country does. But
when national pride is used as Political ideology it becomes nationalism. }

Meaning of Patriotism :

 Patriotism or nationhood is the feeling of love, devotion, support and respect

for a homeland, and a sense of alliance with other citizens who share the same
sentiment.
 It is the feeling or sense of attachment and commitment to a country, nation,
compatriots (fellow citizens) or political community.
 This attachment can be a combination of many different feelings relating to
one's own homeland, including ethnic, cultural, political or historical aspects.
 It is not about blindly following the beliefs, cultural values or any wrongdoing in
the country. It is to take pride in one’s origin and work for the betterment of the
country.
  Stephen Nathanson, defines patriotism as involving: - Special affection for one's
own country, - A sense of personal identification with the country, - Special
concern for the well-being of the country, - Willingness to sacrifice to promote
the country's good.

Types of Patriotism :

1. The patriotism of duty is the patriotism that involves acts and feeling of fidelity
(faithfulness) to one’s country. This is the patriotism of military service and
other varieties of selfless sacrifice.
2. The patriotism of affection is the patriotism of the heart. It concerns one’s inner
desire for the well-being of his country.

The patriotism of affection can be seen in the patriotism of duty, but it does not
necessarily result in it; one can genuinely love his country and yet be a
uncourageous, just like one could theoretically perform a patriotic duty but feel
apathetic about the welfare of the country.

3. The patriotism of manners is the patriotism of customs, traditions or values,

written and unwritten.

Placing one’s hand over the heart during the national anthem is the patriotism of
manners. It can be done by anyone without requiring real patriotism of affection or
of duty.
OR

1. Extreme Patriotism : extreme patriotism gives greater weight to the interests of

one's country and compatriots than to what is morally right. It is adopted by
politicians and common citizens alike when their country's major interests are
thought to be at stake.
2. Moderate Patriotism : Its characterized by special concern for one’s country and
compatriots, but that will not prevent one from showing concern for other
countries as well. This patriotism comes with a decent degree of
 humanitarianism, which means that the concern for humans in general will
override the concern for ones country.
3. Ethical Patriotism : A patriot of this type would want to see justice done, rights
respected, human solidarity in place. They might not feel great pride in the
country's merits and achievements but the country's moral record.

Impact of Patriotism :

Positive : It should also be pointed out that patriotic acts often require acts of
courage, valor and even sacrifice and as such, those performing these acts are
acknowledged as patriots. – Identity, Loyalty, Self-esteem , etc

Negative : it should also be pointed out that patriotism or its acts, comes with its own
baggage and that you need to take care that your love for your nation does not cause
you to commit inhuman acts like – Exclusivity (Patriotism or nationalism can seek to
divide people; the exclusivity principle is what defines patriotism to the point where
you are required to put the interests of your group above all else.), Violence, Racial
profiling (judging people on their last names or nationality), Racist attacks etc

Patriotism (love of country) and nationalism (loyalty to one’s nation) are often taken to
be synonymous, yet patriotism has its origins some 2,000 years prior to the rise
of nationalism in the 19th century.

Nationalism :

 nationalism is a more extreme and unforgiving form of patriotism for one's

country, immaterial of what the county is subjected to.
 nationalism involves immense national loyalty and the belief that one's nation
and/or its government is supreme.
 Nationalism is based on the ideology that the individual’s loyalty and devotion
to the nation surpasses other individual or group interests.
 So nationalism can be termed as the feeling or an act of setting one’s own
country’s virtue higher than other’s, and overlooking its deficiencies.
 Nationalism stresses unity based on a cultural background, including language and
heritage. Patriotism, rooted in the love for a nation, emphasises values and beliefs.

Difference between Patriotism and Nationalism

Basis Patriotism Nationalism
Importance Values and beliefs Cultural background, language,
heritage
Feeling Admiration and love for the country country is superior to another in all
respects
Nature Passive Aggressive
Basis Peace and affection Rivalry and resentment
Belief Their country is one of the best and can
Their country is better than any
be improved in many ways. other
Dealing with Tolerates Does not
criticism
Unites all people Against people
Focus People and nation State or Sovereign
Can be used for Means to integrate people for A political ideology to divide people
development and growth

Discipline : Discipline means abiding by certain rules or norms of society, work or life
in general. It is a way of life, where one tries to lead it, in a systematic way.
It is an action or inaction that is regulated to be in accordance with a particular system
of governance. In simple words it is moral obligation implied on individuals, groups, or
within oneself.
Hard Work : A great deal of effort and endurance. Hard work helps to build discipline.
If work is applying your ability, then hard work is applying your ability with focus and
intensity to the exclusion of other possibilities.
Importance of discipline and hard work :
 Being focused
 Building self control
 Building perseverance and endurance
 Staying active and healthy
  Staying work/ethics oriented
 Doing time management
 Achieving deadlines and desired results
 Gaining respect by others
 Avoiding procrastination
 Boosting self esteem
 Being professional
 Building not giving up attitude
 Maintaining motivation
 Reducing wastages
 Overcoming failures etc

Module IV : Human Rights, Values and Ethics

Meaning of Human Rights :

 Human rights are moral principles or norms that describe certain
standards of human behavior. Human rights are the basic rights and
freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until
death. They apply regardless of where you are from, what you believe or
how you choose to live your life.
 They are commonly understood as fundamental rights inherent by all
human beings regardless of their nation, location, language, religion, ethnic
origin or any other status.
 Their basic aim is to maintain equitable and just treatment for all.
The Rights and Fundamental Rights are sections of the Constitution of India that
provides people with their rights. These Fundamental Rights are considered as basic
human rights of all citizens, irrespective of their gender, caste, religion or creed.
etc. These sections are the vital elements of the constitution, which was developed
between 1947 and 1949 by the Constitution of India. There are six fundamental rights
in India :

1. Right to Equality : The Right to Equality prohibits inequality on the basis of

caste, religion, place of birth, race, or gender. It also ensures equality of
 opportunity in matters of public employment and prevents the State from
discriminating against anyone in matters of employment on the grounds only
of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, place of residence or any of
them.
2. Right to Freedom : Right to freedom provides us with various rights. These
rights are freedom of speech, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly
without arms, freedom of movement throughout the territory of our country,
freedom of association, freedom to practice any profession, freedom to reside
in any part of the country. However, these rights have their own restrictions.
3. Right against Exploitation : Right against Exploitation condemns human
trafficking, child labor, forced labor making it an offense punishable by law,
and also prohibit any act of compelling a person to work without wages where
he was legally entitled not to work or to receive remuneration for it.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion : Right to Freedom of Religion guarantees
religious freedom and ensures secular states in India. The Constitutions says
that the States should treat all religions equally and impartially and that no
state has an official religion. It also guarantees all people the freedom of
conscience and the right to preach, practice and propagate any religion of
their choice.
5. Cultural and Educational Rights : Cultural and Educational Rights protects
the rights of cultural, religious and linguistic minorities by enabling them to
conserve their heritage and protecting them against discrimination.
Educational rights ensure education for everyone irrespective of their caste,
gender, religion, etc.
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies : Right to Constitutional Remedies ensures
citizens to go to the supreme court of India to ask for enforcement or
protection against violation of their fundamental rights. The Supreme Court
has the jurisdiction to enforce the Fundamental Rights even against private
bodies, and in case of any violation, award compensation as well to the
affected individual.

Human Rights Outlined in the International Bill of Rights

 The right to equality and freedom from  Right of peaceful assembly and
discrimination association
 The right to life, liberty, and personal  The right to participate in government
security  The right to social security
  Freedom from torture and degrading  The right to work
treatment  The right to an adequate standard of
 The right to equality before the law living
 The right to a fair trial  The right to education
 The right to privacy  The right to health
 Freedom of belief and religion  The right to food and housing
 Freedom of opinion

Human rights education/awareness : is defined as the learning process that

builds up the required knowledge, values, and proficiency of human rights of
which the objective is to develop an acceptable human rights culture. This type of
learning teaches to examine experiences from the human rights point of view
enabling people to integrate these concepts into their values and decision-
making.

Human rights education is a way to empower people so that they can create skills
and behavior that would promote dignity and equality within the community,
society, and all over the world.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is acknowledged as a landmark

document in human rights history. It was drafted by representatives from various
countries and regions with varying legal and cultural experiences. The United
Nations General Assembly proclaimed this declaration in Paris, France on
December 10, 1948. This Declaration states that basic human rights require
protection. It was translated into more than 500 languages worldwide.

Values and Ethics- Learning based on project work on Scriptures like Ramayana,
Mahabharata, Gita etc : search online, easily available

Module 5 : Personal and Professional Excellence

Meaning of personal excellence

Producing your best in any given situation, within or without a conducive
(supportive) environment to do so; Strive to be better than last time, every time.
Features of personal excellence :

1.INTEGRITY – Match behavior with values Demonstrate your positive personal

values in all you do and say. Be sincere and real. Living in integrity means that
everything we say and everything we do are true reflections of what we value,
what’s important to us. Think about what your behavior says about you.

2.FAILURE LEADS TO SUCCESS – Learn from mistakes View failures as feedback

that provides you with the information you need to learn, grow, and succeed.
Rather than viewing failure in a negative way where we put ourselves down and
think WE are a failure, think of failure as a valuable learning experience. When we
look at our mistakes with a view to learning from them, rather than sending
ourselves negative messages, we are on the path to success. The only real failure
is not learning from our mistakes. The key to success is to look carefully at what
went wrong, change what we did the first time, and try again by applying what we
learned.

3.SPEAK WITH GOOD PURPOSE – Speak honestly and kindly Think before you
speak. Make sure your intention is positive and your words are sincere. a few kind
words can make a very positive difference in how we feel about ourselves What
we say to others—and to ourselves—can have a huge impact. Speaking with good
purpose is about always considering the intention of our words. It’s about
communicating directly, clearly, honestly, and with a positive purpose.

4. THIS IS IT! – Make the most of every moment Focus your attention on the
present moment. Keep a positive attitude.

5.COMMITMENT – Make your dreams happen Take positive action. Follow your
vision without wavering. Commitment is the breathtaking moment of making a
compelling decision, jumping in, and going forward with gusto. Once a
commitment is made, indecision is eliminated

6.OWNERSHIP – Take responsibility for actions Be responsible for your thoughts,

feelings, words, and actions. “Own” the choices you make and the results that
follow. When we take responsibility for our choices, others know they can count
on us and we earn their respect

7.FLEXIBILITY – Be willing to do things differently Recognize what’s not working

and be willing to change what you’re doing to achieve your goal. Flexibility is the
willingness to try something different when we realize that what we’re doing isn’t
working. Being flexible is responding to changing or new situations in ways that
move us forward.

8. BALANCE - When we’re in balance we make time for the things that are
important to us. Staying in balance is an ongoing process about choices. We’re
constantly making choices about what we do, what we say, how we feel, what we
think, etc.

Eight aspects of professional excellence by Alan P. Rossiter

1. Produce quality work – This is probably the most obvious and least
controversial aspect of professional excellence. Few would argue against
the need to deliver accurate, technically correct work, and to do so
consistently, as a foundation for professional excellence.
2. Communicate your work clearly – While we are engrossed in a fascinating
project, it is very easy to forget that the rest of the world is largely ignorant
of what we are doing. We tend to assume that our management, and the
world in general, will be as knowledgeable as we are. We therefore tend to
communicate at an "expert" level.
3. Keep to a schedule – Professional excellence must include realism in our
claims, and a commitment to fulfill promised schedules and deliverables.
This applies both to the paid work that we undertake, and also to other
professional activities, such as publications, which also carry schedules and
deadlines.
4. Recognize your professional limits – We lose credibility if we overstate our
abilities and experience. Moreover, we lose an important opportunity to
build constructive relationships and "team spirit."
5. Invest in furthering the profession – The continuation and progress of the
profession depend in large measure on our willingness to provide the same
 help and encouragement to those who follow us. The profession also
depends on our ability as a group to make a positive contribution to society
— and upon society's perceptions of what we do. By participating in
activities that help in these directions, we are furthering the profession as a
whole. This is also an important part of professional excellence
6. Affirm your co workers - None of us can live or work in isolation. Our ability
to perform in any area of life depends largely on the cooperation of those
around us. Thus, professional excellence must include the ability to evoke a
cooperative spirit in those around us. It can be done by helping others to
feel good about themselves and the contribution they are making. Words
of appreciation and encouragement have a very positive impact. Tasteful
humor is also useful.
7. Enjoy your work and help others enjoy it – The work we do carries a lot of
responsibility. It can be very demanding. If we are to survive emotionally, it
is essential that we maintain a good balance, and don't take ourselves too
seriously — not all the time, anyway. A sense of the absurd and a spirit of
fun should be an integral part of our daily work.
8. Protect your personal life - Life is not all about work. What we do, and the
commitments we take on, are very individual, but we all have and need
some kind of life outside of our work
9. The quest - Developing professional excellence is a lengthy and challenging
process, both for individuals and for organizations. There are bound to be
errors and misunderstandings along the way, and our goal must be to learn
from them, leave them behind, and move forward in our quest.