GANGA POLLUTION

CONTROL UNIT
 CONCEPT OF ETP
Effluent treatment plant covers the mechanism and
processes used to treat such waters that have been
contaminated in some way by anthropogenic industrial or
commercial activities prior to its release into the
environment or its reuse

This effluent contains several pollutants , which can be

removed with the help of effluent treatment plant .

ETP treat water and make free from all objectionable

impurities in suspensions , colloidal or dissolved form .
 WHY DO WE NEED ETP

To prevent ground water pollution

To prevent sea shore

To prevent soil

Protection of public health

To reuse the treated effluent for agriculture

Solving social problems caused by the accumulation

of waste water
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ETP
There are different types of effluent
treatment plants operating today . These
include-

- ASP or Activated Sludge Plant.

- SAF or Submerged Aerated Filter
- SMF or Suspended Media Filter
- Rotating disc system
- SBR or Sequencing Batch Reactor
- Trickling filter
- Non-electric filter
 MAJOR UNITS IN ETP

PRILIMINARY PRIMARY
SCREEN SEDIMENTATION
SCRAPERS CLARIFLOCCULATOR
GRIT CHAMBERS EQUILIZATION TANK
AERATION NEUTRALIZATION

SECONDARY TERTIARY
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS MEMBRANE FILTER
TRICKLING FILTER ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER
U.A.S.B ION EXCHANGE
MULTIPLE EVAPORATOR PLANT NUTRIENT REMOVAL
PLANT LAYOUT- (36 MLD)
 SCREENING
Objective : Removal of coarse solids

Types of screens : Fine / medium / coarse

Cleaning of screens : Manual / Mechanical

Coarse Screening : 20mm Clear Spacing in

bars

Fine screening : 6mm clear spacing in bars

Benefits : Protection of pumps

 GRIT CHAMBER

Objective : Removal of inorganic solids ex. sand/ Silt

to protect moving mechanical equipment

Principle : Gravity separation (a) effective size 0.15 mm

(b) specific gravity – 2.65

Types : Manual grit removal – Rectangular channel

Mechanical grit removal - Circular tank

Grit removal Mechanism : Screw classifier / reciprocating

Classifier
 EQUALIZATION TANK
OBJECTIVES

To Provide Adequate pH control .

To Minimize Or Control Fluctuations

in Wastewater .

To Optimize Chemical Requirements Necessary

For Neutralization .

To Provide Optimum Conditions For Subsequent

treatment process .

The equalization tank stores effluent and lets it out

during the non peak time when there is no /little
incoming effluent.
 MIXING TANK
In waste water treatment plant , proper
mixing
Is essential to ensure efficient operations .

It mixes the discharge coming out

from house-holds and industries .

The main requirement of the mixing is

that all the coagulant be rapidly mixed
with all the water instantly so as to
achieve complete homogenization of a
coagulant chemical present in the
stream tube treated.
 UASB REACTOR
UASB reactor is the place where the separation
of gas , solid , liquid takes place

In this process whole waste water is passed

through the anaerobic reactors in an up flow
mode with holding time of 8.8 hours

The up flow sewage itself forms millions of

small granules of sludge which are in
suspensions and the excess sludge is removed
and taken to sludge pump house

Organic compounds get an-aerobically

biodegraded converting it into methane enriched
biogas .
 ADVANTAGES OF UASB
# Produces easily de-water able sludge

# Low energy consumptions

# Absence of noise and odor nuisance

# Proven technology

# Low investment and maintenance cost

# Methane rich bio gas production

# Production of enriched nutrient sludge

 COLLECTION WELL

A Collection well is simply a collection tank , where all the waste water get
stored after Coming out from U.A.S.B Reactors . After that it pass on to the
further unit operations .
 CLARIFLOCCULATOR

The combined unit of flocculator and

clarifier is known as clariflocculator in
waste water treatment process.

In large waste water treatment plants,

the flocculator and the clarifier are
combined together to achieve economy in
construction.

 Clariflocculator shall have two concentric

tanks with inner tank serving as flocculation
basin and outer tank serving as clarifier
 AERATION TANK
The main purpose of an aeration tank is to
facilitate the biological treatment of waste
water by pumping or inducing air into it.

Aeration in an activated sludge process

is based on pumping air into a tank,
which promotes the microbial growth in
the wastewater.

The microbes feed on the organic

material, forming flocs which can easily
settle out
 SLUDGE THICKNER
Sludge thickening or dewatering is adopted for
reducing the volume of sludge and increasing
the solid contents

Minimize land required and handling cost for

final disposal of the digested sludge on land

Increases feed solids concentration to vacuum

filters

Requiring lesser digester volume

THANK
YOU