Steirische Harmonika

The Steirische Harmonika(German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaɪ̯rɪʃə harˌmoːnika]) is a type of

bisonoric diatonic button accordionimportant to the alpine folk music of Austria, the
Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, the German state of Bavaria, and the Italian
South Tyrol. The Steirische Harmonika is distinguished from other diatonic button
accordions by its typically richer bass notes, and by the presence of one key per
scale row that has the same tone on both compression and expansion of the bellows,
called a Gleichton. The bass notes earn the distinction Helikonbässe because they
use bigger reeds with duralumin reed frames and a special chamber construction that
amplifies its bass tones to give it a loud sound reminiscent of aHelicon tuba. A Steirische Harmonika

The name "Steirische Harmonika" literally translates from German as Styrian

accordion, but the use of the adjective steirische stems from the Viennese dialect, where it refers to folk music in general. There is no
connection to the nearby state of Steiermark, or Styria as it is traditionally called in English, though this type of accordion is in use
there as well.

Contents
Description
Weltmeister awards on Steirische Harmonika
Other Well-known artists
Notation
See also
References
External links

Description
The Steirische Harmonika has melody side on the right, and a bass side on the left. On the melody side, there are three to five rows of
buttons where each row has its own key. Accordions with five rows are not much used, but most manufacturers do produce quite a
few. On the compression of the bellows, the buttons of one row play the tones from the key's tonic, and on the expansion of the
bellows, the buttons of one row play tones from the key's dominant seventh. The button which plays the same tone on both the
expansion and compression of the bellows is called the Gleichton, ("same-tone" in German). Often melodies require playing buttons
from different rows because they cannot be decomposed into tones from the tonic and dominant seventh of a given key
.

For each row on the right hand melody side, there are two associated buttons on the outer row of the bass side: one for the root, and
one for the harmony. On compression, they play the tonic, and on expansion, the dominant. The function of the inner row, however,
varies by manufacturer.

Technical Steirische Accordion playing is very advanced especially in Bavaria, Austria and Sloven
ia.

Weltmeister awards on Steirische Harmonika

1987 Zoran Lupinc
1996 Toni Bartl
 1997 Jakob Bergmann[1]
1999 Robert Goter[2]
2007 Markus Oberleitner[3]
2009 Nejc Pačnik
2015 Nejc Pačnik

Other Well-known artists

Slovenia: Franc Mihelič, Lojze Slak, Tine Lesjak
Austria: Erwin Aschenwald, Erwin Aschenwald Jr .

Notation
Notes on the Steirische Harmonika are laid out to make it easy to play music with the tonality characteristic of alpine folk music, but
make it difficult to play according tomodern musical notation.

To help aid playing the Steirische Harmonika, the Verlag Helbling publishers patented in 1916 a tablature, which no longer is in
current use. It has come to be replaced by a notation called Griffschrift, which was invented by a music teacher from Bärnbach in
Styria named Max Rosenzopf. The notation appears similar to modern notation but maps tones to positions on the staff differently. In
1975 Rosenzopf founded the Verlag Preissler publishing company and printed the first book using the Griffschrift to teach reading
notes. Now all notes for the Steirische Harmonika are printed using this notation.

See also
Heligonka

References
Haertel, Hermann. "The "Steirische"".
Gutleder, Helmut (2006). Die Entwicklung der Harmonikaerzeugung in Österreich(in German). Salzburg: Mozarteum
University of Salzburg.

1. Andreas Bergmann, Jakob Bergmann (2012-07-05)."Weltmeister 1997" (http://www.jakob.bergmann.tirolspeed.com/

biographie.htm). Jakob.bergmann.tirolspeed.com. Retrieved 2013-12-08.
2. "Weltmeister 1999" (http://www.robertgoter.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=19&Itemid=2
3&lang=
de). Robertgoter.com. Retrieved 2013-12-08.
3. Weltmeister 2007 (http://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/beitrag/10702632/150286/)Archived (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20081026140215/http://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/beitrag/10702632/150286/)October 26, 2008,
at the Wayback Machine

External links
Script for key layout and displaying chords (Fingering)
Key layouts
Questions and a list of builders of Steirischen Harmonikas
List with web links - makers of Steirischen Harmonikas

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This page was last edited on 5 May 2018, at 11:55(UTC).

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