Asian History Reviewer Political

 Kings: Priestly Kings (they are the direct

Civilization
connection of the people to their Gods
 Complex and highly organized social and Goddesses) however it was
order changed to military leaders because of the
 Development of cultural aspects wars and battles that occurred at that
 System of Writing time. (no written records of royalty,
 Civitas- Urban Life (western concept) taxation or literature)
 Cities
Political- unites the people
 Main
 Food Production  Mohenjo Daro
 Implements Laws  Harappa
 Taxes- for funding  The main economic
 Defense activity of the two
 Construction of various buildings cities are
agriculture and
Economic- a wide variety of jobs and each trading
worker focuses on one particular job  Minor
Religion- the belief and rituals of the  Mehgarh- Pre Indus
civilization that shape the government and its Neolithic Village
people (agriculture and
domestication of animals)
Society-Ranked groups determined by jobs – they were sedentary
 Citadel- a fortress or fort that guards the
Arts-Artworks and Buildings (based on talents,
city and is usually found in the western
beliefs and values of an individual)
part of the area. It is the center of
Science and Technology- invention and other political-religious activities
discoveries  Great Bath (Public Bath)-used for
religious purposes such as
INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION (2700 B.C) - discovered
purification.
1922  Lower City-where economic
Dravidians- ethnic group that is believed to productivity happens

have start the Indus Civilization Economic

Existed for 1,000 years  Trading
Main Rivers  Uses seals as a amulet and an ID
 It uses pictograms (way of
1. Indus writing)
2. Ganges  Their trading reached the Persian
3. Brahmaputra Gulf and even the Sumerian
Civilization.
  Agriculture Main Rivers
 Barley, wheat, melons, dates and
1. Euphrates
cotton (first civilization that used
2. Tigris (Start of Egyptian Civilization as
cotton)
well)
 Granary- a storage that is
composed of mud bricks that are Political
lined
 Ziggurat- center of the government and
Religion religious activities. Focal point and the
houses of Gods and Goddess. (temple
Polytheistic- they believe in many Gods such
States) Center of Supernatural
as goddess, bulls and buffalos
occurrences
Arts  Kings: Priestly Kings that soon changed
into military leaders due to wars and
 Grid-patterned streets
battles
 Sewer System-irrigation
 System of Writing (pictograms-yet to be Economic Activities:
deciphered)
 Domestication
 Necklaces- gold, tin, glazed earthenware
 Farming (use of irrigation)
Science and Technology  Trading

 Ships (trading) Arts, Science and Technology

 Measuring system
 Craft workers- highly skilled in
 Counting
handling metals and store work
 Toys
 Created the wheelbarrow, plow, seed
Fall of Indus sowing machine, system of writing
 Cuneiform- uses a wedged tip on
 Environmental Factors & Natural
wet clay.
Calamities
 Another people took over. Possibly by Education
the Aryans
 Schools are for the upper class
Sumerian Civilization (3500-3000 B.C.)  Carpentry
 Pottery
 Entrusts everything to the Gods
 Blacksmithing
 Power and might is  happiness
 Friendship Chinese Civilization (Lungshan & Yangshao = Shang)
 Adventurous; Community Spirit
The Yangshao civilization was first to be
 Recording of written works (Epic of
established. They were known for having dug
Gilgamesh)
pit houses that was perfect for cool and warm
 Found along the ark of the Fertile
temperature. They were also known for their
Crescent
culture of Painted Pottery which uses red and
black paint and geometrical shapes.
Lungshan or Yungshan was the second
Neolithic period to arise and they were known
for domestication of animals, silk production,
black pottery and being sedentary. They also
had a more developed structure of dug pit
houses.
These two civilization merged to create the
first dynasty; the Shang dynasty. (dynasty: a
ruling family that usually lasts for generations)
 Ancient China
 *Huang Ho River System “Yellow
River” or “River of Sorrows” due to it
constantly flooding during rainy
seasons (yellow silt)
 Huang Ho Valley
 7 communities were formed
 Anyang- most important community;
Capital of Shang Civilization
Political
 Ruled by priest-kings who were
Considered as “sons of heaven” or
 “mandates of heaven” who were
Appointed by the gods themselves
Religion
 Believed in a main god called Shang Di,
the ruler and creator of the heavens
 Believed their dead ancestors bring their
prayers to Shang Di and to other nature
gods
 Polytheism
 Human Sacrifice
 Oracle Bones were used to communicate
with dead ancestors and to foretell the
future
Economic
 Farmers
 Artisans (specialized in crafting
items made from bronze)
Bronze signify power and authority
Science and Technology
 Calligraphy- Chinese Characters
 Bronze artifacts
 Carving jade and ivory figurines
 Silk and Porcelain Production
Genocide of Christians in Iraq
 ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)
o emerged from radical Sunni
jihadists in Iraq who
 fought under the banner “al-Qaeda in
Iraq”
 Muslim
a) Shia
b) Sunni- Muslim sect
 Jihadists- “Protectors of
the Faith”
 wants to start a HOLY
WAR
 Goal: Islamic State crossing over the
borders of Syria and Iraq. If they
achieve, the new state would be a
caliphate and ruled by a caliph.
 Christians- minority in Asia
 Assyrians have lived in Monsul
(Nineveh) for over 6,000 years
converting to Christianity over 2,000
years ago
 Last Christians reportedly have left
Iraq’s second largest city of Mosul at
12:00 pm on Saturday
 3 CHOICES OF THE I.S.I.S.
1) Convert to Islam
2) Dhimma-contract involving payment
of tax
3) Die