Professional Documents
Culture Documents
We Muhammad Ahsan Masood, Hafiz Awais Azeem and Ali Mutal Raza have made
this project. Every information given in this project is true and complete to the best
of our knowledge. We have made the circuit with a software called PSpice. In this
circuit we are able to find current, voltage and potential difference.
Sign:
Sign:
Sign:
Submitted To:
Sir. Sayed Awais Haider
Sign:
Acknowledgement
Resistors can be connected such that they branch out from a single point (known as
a node), and join up again somewhere else in the circuit. This is known as
a parallel connection. Each of the three resistors in Figure 1 is another path for
current to travel between points A and B. [A]
Note that the node does not have to physically be a single point; as long as the
current has several alternate paths to follow, then that part of the circuit is
considered to be parallel. Figures 1 and 2 are identical circuits, but with different
appearances.
At A the potential must be the same for each resistor. Similarly, at B the
potential must also be the same for each resistor. So, between points A and B, the
potential difference is the same. That is, each of the three resistors in the parallel
circuit must have the same voltage. [B]
[1]
Also, the current splits as it travels from A to B. So, the sum of the currents
through the three branches is the same as the current at A and at B (where the
currents from the branch reunite).
[2]
[3]
By equation [1], we see that all the voltages are equal. So the V's cancel out, and
we are left with
[4]
[5]
[6]
System Model
Circuit Diagram:
Working/Experiment
9. This will be our required circuit diagram for measuring current and
voltage.
For current:
For Voltage:
Output:
Finding Voltage in the circuit:
Output:
Conclusions
Purpose of this project is to become familiar with the use of the software
PSpice and able to draw and stimulate circuits on PSpice. The second
purpose is to know how to find current and voltages manually (by hand).
References
a. [A] From
Google
b. [B] From
Wikipedia
c. [C] From
https://www.physics.uoguelph.ca/tutorials/ohm/o
hm.intro.parallel.html