B1.

1
Given: x=3.3 , y=7.44 , z = 0.436
Q= 200 KVA
f= 50 Hz
single phase core type transformer
cruciform core (other name is 2- stepped core)
D= 3.3 a ----------------- EQ(1)
Ddistance between core centres.
a  width of core lamination.
𝐸𝑡 = 7.44 V
BM = 0.436 Wb/m2
Kw =0.32
δ = 3 A / mm2
Sf = 0.9
Ai = 0.56 d2 ---------------EQ(2)
d = the diameter of the circumscribing circle
width of largest stamping is 0.85 d
as we know, Voltage per turn, defined as
𝐸𝑡 = 4.44𝑓𝜑𝑚 = 4.44𝑓𝐵𝑚 𝐴𝑖 ---------EQ(3)
By arranging eq (3) we will get for Net iron Area,
7.44
𝐴𝑖 = = 0.0768𝑚2
4.44 ∗ 50 ∗ 0.436
Hence net iron area is 0.0768𝑚2 .
Now, Diameter of circumscribing circle, Ai = 0.56 d2 from given eq(2)

𝑖𝐴
𝑑 = √0.56 − − − − 𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑒𝑞(2) 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑑

= √0.0768/0.56 = 0.370𝑚
Hence ,Diameter of circumscribing circle is 0.370 m.
For ,Width of largest stamping, d=0.370.
𝑎 = 0.85𝑑 = 0.85 ∗ 0.370 = 0.3145𝑚
For ,Distance between core centers(D), from eq(1)
𝐷 = 3.3 𝑎 = 3.3 ∗ 0.3145 = 1.03785𝑚
Width of the window,
 Fig(1.0)
Over all dimension of single phase core type transformer. From fig (1.0) we can define 𝑊𝑤 .
𝑊𝑤 = 𝐷 − 𝑑 --------------------- eq (3)
= 1.03785 − 0.370 = 0.66785𝑚
AS, we know the Output of a single phase transformer,
𝑄 = 2.22𝑓𝐵𝑚 𝐴𝑖 𝐾𝑤 𝐴𝑤 𝛿 ∗ 10−3 𝐾𝑉𝐴 ---------------EQ(4)
FROM above given and calculated value putting them 𝐴𝑤 calculate
200=2.22 × 50 × 0.436 × 0.0768 × 0.32 × 𝐴𝑤 × 3 ×106 × 10−3 𝐾𝑉𝐴
𝐴𝑤 = 0.0560𝑚2
Next dimension height of the window
AREA OF WINDOW = height of window . width of window
AW=HW . WW --------------eq(5)

0.0560
𝐻𝑤 = = 0.8385𝑚
0.66785
Hence height of the window = 0.8385 m.
Depth of the yoke, 𝐷𝑦 = 𝑎 in case of square or stepped core (using this ) ------eq(6)
 𝐷𝑦 = 𝑎 = 0.3145𝑚
Height of the yoke, is equal to a
𝐻𝑦 = 0.3145𝑚
FromFIG(1)
𝐻 = 𝐻𝑤 + 2𝐻𝑦 − −𝐸𝑄(7)
= 0.8385 + 2 ∗ 0.3145
𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒 = 1.4675𝑚
Overall Length of frame, from fig(1)
𝑊 =𝐷+𝑎 − −𝑒𝑞(8)
= 1.03785 + 0.3145 = 1.35235𝑚
Hence ,over all length of frame is 1.35235 m .
Next dimension of the tank
Tank height 𝐻𝑇 = [𝐻𝑤 + 2𝐻𝑦 or 2a + clearance (30 to 60 cm)] for single and three phase core, and
single phase shell type transformer.
𝐻𝑇 = [𝐻𝑤 + 2𝐻𝑦 or 2a + clearance (30 to 60 cm)] --------eq(9)
Putting eq(7) in eq(9)
Height of the tank,
𝐻𝑇 = 𝐻 + (30 𝑡𝑜 60 𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒) re-write eq(9) --------eq(9)’
Assuming a clearance of 0.54 m or 54 cm
= 1.4675 + 0.54
𝐻𝑇 = 2.0075𝑚
For width dimension of tank (𝑊𝑇 )
Tank Width 𝑊𝑇 = [𝐷 + 𝐷𝑒𝑥𝑡 + 𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 10 𝑡𝑜 20 𝑐 ] for single phase core type transformer
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑊 + (10 𝑡𝑜 20 𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒) -------------eq(10)
Assuming clearance value 0.15
𝑊𝑇 = 1.35235 + 0.15
𝑊𝑇 = 1.5023𝑚
Length of the tank 𝐿𝑇 = [𝐷𝑒𝑥𝑡 + 𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 10 𝑡𝑜 20 𝑐 ] for all types of transformers with circular coils
Length of the tank,
𝐿 𝑇 = 𝐿 + (10 𝑡𝑜 20 𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒) assumed (L VALUE 0.55m ) --eq(11)
- - assuming clearance 15 cm
 𝐿 𝑇 = 0.55 + 0.15
𝐿 𝑇 = 0.70𝑚
Surface area of the tank,
𝑆𝑇 = 2 ∗ 𝐻𝑇 (𝐿 𝑇 + 𝑊𝑇 ) ------------------eq (12)
Putting all value from above calculation
𝑆𝑇 = 8.8422𝑚2
Temperature rise in the tank,𝜃 = 35 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑐𝑖𝑢𝑠 (assumed)
Diameter of the cooling tube,
𝑑𝑡 = 0.05𝑚 assumed
Length of the cooling tube,
𝑙𝑡 = 0.9𝑆𝑇
𝑙𝑡 = 0.9 ∗ 8.8422 = 7.9579𝑚
Total core losses,
𝑇𝑐 = 𝑖𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 + 𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠
= 𝑃𝑖 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢 = 10 KW (assumed)
Number of cooling tubes,

1 𝑃𝑖 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢
𝑁𝑐 = [ − 12.5 ∗ 𝑆𝑇 ]
8.8 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ 𝑑𝑡 ∗ 𝑙𝑡 𝜃

1 10 𝑘𝑤
𝑁𝑐 = [ − 12.5 ∗ 8.8422]
8.8 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ 0.05 ∗ 7.9579 35

𝑁𝑐 = 15.92
= 16 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑠