DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

STEEL DESIGN

STEEL SECTION PROPERTIES only. The beam is laterally supported only at the supports. The
1992 National Structural Code of the Philippines states that the
1. The section modulus Sx of a channel with a web depth of h and allowable tensile stress for laterally unsupported members subject
thickness tw, and flange width b and thickness tf is: to bending is 0.60Fy while the allowable compressive stress for
a. h2 (6 b tf + h tw) / 12 c. 2 b tf + h tw laterally unsupported members subject to bending is given by the
b. h (6 b tf + h tw) / 6d. (2 b tf + h tw3) / 3 equation:

2. A BW 775 x 287 steel I beam has the following dimensions: Steel is A36 with yield strength Fy = 248 MPa. Which of the
Total beam depth, H = 775 mm following most nearly gives the most economical (lightest) section
Web thickness, tw = 19 mm that will limit the flexural stress to the allowable value?
Flange width, B = 360 mm
Flange thickness, tf = 32 mm a. W18x76; beam weight = 1108 N/m, rt = 75 mm,
The moment of inertia Ix about the principal axis is: Sx = 0.00239 m3
a. 375,086 cm4 c. 375,086 mm4 b. W21x62; beam weight = 911 N/m, rt = 53 mm,
6
b. 375,086 mm d. none in the list Sx = 0.0023 m3
c. W24x68; beam weight = 1000 N/m, rt = 57 mm,
BENDING IN BEAMS Sx = 0.00253 m3
d. W27x84; beam weight = 1234 N/m, rt = 63 mm,
3. A 10 m steel wide flange beam is laterally supported. The depth of Sx = 0.0035 m3
the beam is 700 mm and the web thickness is 10 mm. If Fy is equal
to 250 MPa, the allowable bending stress is: Situation: A simply supported beam with span of 8 meters is
a. 180 MPa c. 165 MPa subjected to a uniform vertical downward load equal to
b. 150 MPa d. 200 MPa 50 kN/m acting on the plane of the minor axis of the beam
section, which includes the beam weight. The beam is
4. The structural I-beam supporting a floor carries a floor load of 4.6 restrained against lateral buckling on the top and bottom
kN/m2. The beams span 6.0 m and are simply supported at their flanges for the entire span. The material is A36 steel with
ends. Determine the centerline spacing if the allowable stress in the Fy = 248 MPa and modulus of elasticity = 200 GPa. The
beam is 120 MPa and the section modulus is 534 x 103 mm3. allowable flexural stress for laterally braced compact
a. 3.75 m c. 4.0 m sections is 0.66Fy. The allowable deflection is 1/360 of the
b. 3.45 m d. 3.0 m span. Three compact sections are being considered, as
follows, with their respective properties relevant of this
5. A simple beam has a span of 5.0 m. The maximum moment in the problem (length units are in meters):
beam is 69.0 kN-m. The allowable bending stress is 138 MPa. The
required section modulus is: Section Moment of Inertia (Ix) Beam depth (d)
a. 2.0 x 103 mm3 c. 250 x 103 mm3 W24x55 0.000558 0.598
6 3
b. 9.522 x 10 mm d. 500 x 103 mm3 W21x62 0.000554 0.533
W21x68 0.000616 0.537
6. A simply supported steel beam has a span of 6 m and is subjected
to a vertical concentrated load of 150 kN acting at midspan. An
allowance of 100% for impact is made for the concentrated load

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STEEL DESIGN

7. Which of the following most nearly gives the minimum section a. 160 c. 210
modulus (Sx), in m3, such that the maximum flexural stress will not b. 140 d. 120
be exceeded?
a. 0.0018 c. 0.0024 Situation: A simply supported beam with span of 10 m is subjected
b. 0.0015 d. 0.0021 to a uniform vertical downward load equal to 50 kN/m
acting on the plane of the minor axis of the beam section,
8. Which of the following most nearly gives the minimum moment of which includes the beam weight. The beam is restrained
inertia (Ix), in m4, such that maximum deflection will not be against lateral buckling on the top and bottom flanges for
exceeded? the entire span. The material is A36 steel with Fy = 248
a. 0.00065 c. 0.00060 MPa and modulus of elasticity = 200 GPa. The allowable
b. 0.00050 d. 0.00055 flexural stress for laterally braced compact sections is
9. Assuming that shear stress is not critical, which of the sections 0.66Fy. The allowable deflection is 1/360 of the span. Three
being considered is the most economic section that is adequate for compact sections are being considered, as follows, with
the given load? their respective properties relevant of this problem (length
a. W21x62 units are in meters):
b. W24x55 Section Moment of Inertia (Ix) Beam depth (d)
c. W21x68 W26x66 0.00124 0.654
d. none of the sections are adequate W30x74 0.00146 0.772
W24x62 0.00119 0.618
Situation: A floor is made up of a 150 mm thick concrete slab and a
50 mm thick floor finish both of which has a unit weight 13. Which of the following most nearly gives the minimum section
of 24 kN/m3. The floor also carries a ceiling whose weight modulus Sx, in m3, such that the maximum flexural stress will not
is 720 Pa and a live load of 2400 Pa. The floor is be exceeded?
supported by simply supported steel beams with a span of a. 0.00382 c. 0.00523
6 m spaced at 3 m on centers. The beam is W14x30, with b. 0.00376 d. 0.00315
weight of 440 N/m, depth of 352 mm, and moment of
inertia I = 0.000121 m4. 14. Which of the following most nearly gives the minimum moment of
inertia Ix, in m4, such that the maximum deflection will not be
10. Which of the following most nearly gives the uniform pressure exceeded?
carried by the floor in Pa? a. 0.00128 c. 0.00104
a. 8200 c. 7840 b. 0.00098 d. 0.00117
b. 7200 d. 7920
15. Assuming that shear stress is not critical, which of the sections
11. Which of the following most nearly gives the uniform weight being considered is the most economic section that is adequate for
carried by the beam in kN/m? the given load?
a. 32 c. 18 a. W30x74
b. 24 d. 28 b. W24x62
c. W26x66
12. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum flexural b. none of the sections are adequate
stress in the beam in MPa?

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 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
STEEL DESIGN

Situation: A simply supported beam has the cross-section shown in

the figure. The section is W21x147 A36 steel, compact 18. Which of the following statements is true for the given section?
section with Fy = 248 MPa and reinforced with 12 mm x a. The section is adequate for flexure only.
360 mm A36 steel plate at the top and bottom. The beam b. The section is adequate for shear and deflection only.
is laterally supported over the entire span of 6 m and c. The section is adequate for deflection only.
carries a uniformly distributed load of 360 kN/m including d. The section is not adequate for flexure, shear, and
its own weight. The allowable bending stress for laterally deflection.
supported compact section is 0.66Fy and allowable
shearing stress is 0.4Fy. Allowable deflection is 1/360 of the Situation: W21x62 steel is used as a beam simply supported over a
span. span of 8 m. The beam is laterally unsupported over the
entire span. Fy = 250 MPa.
The properties of W21x147 are as follows:
d = 560 mm The properties of the section are as follows:
tw = 18 mm Depth, d = 533 mm
Ix = 1,511 x 106 mm4 Flange width, bf = 210 mm
Flange thickness, tf = 15.6 mm
Web thickness, tw = 10.2 mm
Radius of gyration, rT = 53.34 mm
Section modulus, Sx = 2,077 x 103 mm3
560 mm

12 mm x 360 mm
19. Which of the following gives the value of the ratio L/rT?
Y a. 130 c. 170
b. 150 d. 160

20. Which of the following gives the allowable bending stress in MPa
in accordance with the provisions of the National Structural Code
of the Philippines?
X a. 150 c. 52.01
b. 78.21 d. 63.77

21. Which of the following gives the safe uniformly distributed load
16. Which of the following gives the section modulus of the section in that the beam can carry in kN/m?
m3? a. 19.98 c. 16.56
a. 0.0076 c. 0.0054 b. 15.21 d. 18.32
b. 0.0095 d. 0.0058

17. Which of the following gives the maximum deflection of the beam Situation: A simply supported beam with span of 8 m is subjected to
in mm? a counterclockwise moment at the left support and a
a. 12.1 c. 15.9 clockwise moment at the right equal to 25% of the
b. 13.7 d. 14.8 moment at the left support, both acting in the plane of the

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 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
STEEL DESIGN

minor axis of the beam. The beam is not restrained against bf = 0.210 m
lateral buckling. The beam is A36 steel with yield strength tf = 0.016 m
Fy = 248 MPa. The provisions of the 1992 National S = 0.002077 m3
Structural Code of the Philippines relevant to this problem
are given below. The beam is a W21x62 steel shape, 25. Which of the following most nearly gives the slenderness ratio,
whose relevant properties for this problem are: below which the beam is short with respect to lateral buckling?
a. 65.8 c. 86.3
rT = 0.053 m b. 75.9 d. 95.7
d = 0.533 m
bf = 0.210 m 26. Which of the following most nearly gives the allowable flexural
tf = 0.016 m stress in the compression flange according to equation 4.5-6a or
S = 0.002077 m3 equation 4.5-6b, as applicable?
a. 99.9 MPa c. 68.7 MPa
b. 86.3 MPa d. 75.4 MPa
22. Which of the following most nearly gives the slenderness ratio,
above which the beam is long with respect to lateral buckling? 27. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum value of
a. 146 c. 86 the moment at the left support, in kN-m?
b. 221 d. 373 a. 254.7 c. 302.1
b. 275.8 d. 287.4
23. Which of the following most nearly gives the allowable flexural
stress in the compression flange, in MPa? BOLTED AND RIVETED CONNECTIONS
a. 71.5 c. 98.5
b. 64.9 d. 83.1 28. A steel plate is 360 mm wide and 20 mm thick with four bolt holes
cut into a plate as shown in the figure. The general expression for
24. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum value of the specification method for computing the net area is:
the moment at the left support, in kN-m? An = T [ B – summation (H) + summation (S2/4g) ]
a. 82 c. 205 where T = thickness of the plate, B is the width, H = diameter of
b. 193 d. 378 the holes, S = pitch, and g = gage.
Which of the following most nearly gives the critical net area (An)
Situation: A simply supported beam with span of 8 m is subjected to of the section in accordance with the 1992 National Structural
a counterclockwise moment at the left support and a Code of the Philippines?
counterclockwise moment at the right support equal to 45 mm 45 mm
25% of the moment at the left support, both acting in the
plane of the minor axis of the beam. The beam is not
restrained against lateral buckling. The beam is A36 steel
with Fy = 248 MPa. The provisions of the 1992 NSCP is
given below. The beam is a W21x62 whose relevant 25 mm hole typ.
properties are: 3 @ 90 mm
rT = 0.053 m
d = 0.533 m
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60 mm
 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
STEEL DESIGN

31. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum load, in
kN, that can be applied to the connection without exceeding the
a. An = 4,125 mm2 c. An = 4,625 mm2 allowable bearing stress between the plate and the rivets?
b. An = 5,625 mm2 d. An = 5,125 mm2 a. 670 c. 620
b. 650 d. 700
Situation: A plate with width of 300 mm and thickness of 20 mm is Situation: A plate with width of 400 mm and thickness of 12 mm is
to be connected to two plates of the same width with half to be connected to a plate of the same width and thickness
the thickness by 25 mm diameter rivets, as shown. The by 34 mm diameter bolts, as shown in the figure. The
rivet holes have a diameter 2 mm larger than the rivet holes are 2 mm larger than the bolt diameter. The plate is
diameter. The plate is A36 steel with yield strength Fy = A36 steel with yield strength Fy = 248 MPa. Allowable
248 MPa, allowable tensile stress of 0.60Fy, and tensile stress is 0.60Fy. It is required to determine the
allowable bearing stress of 1.35Fy. The rivets are A502, value of b so that the net width along bolts 1-2-3-4 is
Grade 2, hot-driven rivets with allowable shear stress of equal to the net width along bolts 1-2-4.
150 MPa.

400 mm
60 mm b

300 mm
1
100 mm
2
P 100 mm P
3
4 100 mm
t
t /2 P
/2
P
P
150 mm
/2
29. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum load, in t = 12 mm
P t = 12 mm
kN, that can be applied to the connection without exceeding the P
allowable tensile stress in the plates? 32. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of b in
a. 750 c. 700 millimeters?
b. 780 d. 730 a. 28.6 c. 52.1
b. 37.4 d. 19.7
30. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum load, in 33. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of the net area
kN, that can be applied to the connection without exceeding the for tension in plates in square millimeters?
allowable shear stress in the rivets? a. 3,624 c. 3,867
a. 640 c. 550 b. 3,214 d. 4,178
b. 590 d. 700 34. Which of the following most nearly gives the value of P so that the
allowable tensile stress on net area will not be exceeded?

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STEEL DESIGN

a. 575 kN c. 539 kN b. 160 d. 130

b. 687 kN d. 424 kN
Situation: An eccentrically loaded connection shown in the figure
ECCENTRICALLY LOADED CONNECTIONS has an eccentric load of 180 kN. A 325 bolts is used with
threads excluded from shear planes. Using elastic method
Situation: In the connection shown in the figure, a load transmits
200 kN load acting at e = 200 mm. Use a = b = 250 mm.
The load is transmitted to the column by the plates and 8
22 mm ϕ rivets. The plates are adequate to transmit the
load to the rivets. The connection can be analysed by
replacing the given load with an equivalent loading
composed of a vertical force alone acting through the
centroid of the rivets and a moment.

38. Compute the resultant load on the most stressed bolt in the
eccentrically loaded connection.
a. 118.67 c. 312.15
b. 234.79 d. 121.49
39. Compute the diameter of the A 325 bolts for a bearing type
35. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum shear connection having an allowable shear stress of 207 MPa.
stress in the rivets in MPa for equivalent vertical force alone acting a. 22 c. 20
on the centroid? b. 16 d. 28
a. 90 c. 70 40. Compute the shearing stress of bolt A.
b. 140 d. 120 a. 137.80 c. 167.40
b. 151.25 d. 160.88
36. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum shear
stress in the rivets in MPa for the equivalent moment alone?

a. 700 c. 760
b. 740 d. 720
37. Which of the following most nearly gives the maximum shear
stress in the rivets in MPa?

a. 170 c. 110

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