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INTERNSHIP REPORT
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Axis Micro.
Mfrs : High precision machine tool spindles
and accessories.
SPM products and machineries.
#31,balaji nagar, 14th cross, thigalarapalya
main road, peenya 2nd stage,bengaluru-
560058

Internship supervisor
Mr . Sivakumar
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The internship opportunity I had with Axis Micro was a great chance for learning and
professional development. Therefore, I consider myself as a very lucky individual as I was
provided with an opportunity to be a part of it. I am also grateful for having a chance to
meet so many wonderful people and professionals who led me though this internship
period.

Bearing in mind previous I am using this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude and
special thanks to the MD of Axis Micro who in spite of being extraordinarily busy with
her/his duties, took time out to hear, guide and keep me on the correct path and allowing
me to carry out my project at their esteemed organization and extending during the
training.

I express my deepest thanks to New Horizon College of engineering, Mechanical engineering

for letting me take part in internship & giving necessary advices and guidance and arranged
all facilities to make process easier. I choose this moment to acknowledge their contribution
gratefully.
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Contents PAGE. no

1. Introduction..........................5
2. Description of organization............................................6
3. Description of work.........................7-18
 Turning (cnc and manual)
 Milling (cnc)
 Drilling
 Grinding(cnc)

4. Manufactured components...........19-22
 Shaft
 Spindle

5. Responsibilities of intern................23

6. Interns implementations...........24

7. Professional and tech take away..............................25-27

8. Conclusion........................28
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Introduction
 A practical knowledge of basic principles learnt on study towards the BE in industrial
and manufacturing engineering.
 Applying knowledge of technology design and innovation in context of engineering in
industrial and manufacturing.
 Being able to make self-assessment of practical knowledge acquired and identify
areas of improvement.
 Learning the various roles of technologies in a machine shop.
 To get acquainted with the basic technological equipments, manufacturing process
and production in a industrial environment.
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Description of organization
Axis Micro employs the latest Swiss-made CNC High Precision grinders and German vision
inspection equipment. With manpower extensively trained in Europe, production processes
reflect a deeply entrenched Swiss heritage.

Customers enjoy the benefits of Indian talent forged in Swiss production environment. The
mission is to provide innovative and value-for-money tooling solutions to customer’s world-
wide. We continue to strive to achieve our goal in a transparent, honest and committed
manner.

AXIS has extensive experience, technological expertise to craft wide range of high precision
micro tools with unique geometries, designs and close tolerances to machine emerging
challenging job materials and which demand extremely close tolerances.
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Description of work
Operations that are performed:
• Turning (cnc and manual).
• Milling (cnc).
• Drilling (manual).
• Grinding (cnc).
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Turning
Turning is a form of machining, a material removal process, which is used to create
rotational parts by cutting away unwanted material. The turning process requires a turning
machine or lathe, work piece, fixture, and cutting tool. The work piece is a piece of pre-
shaped material that is secured to the fixture, which itself is attached to the turning
machine, and allowed to rotate at high speeds. The cutter is typically a single-point cutting
tool that is also secured in the machine, although some operations make use of multi-point
tools. The cutting tool feeds into the rotating work piece and cuts away material in the form
of small chips to create the desired shape.

 Load/Unload time
- The time required to load the work piece into the turning machine and secure it to the
fixture, as well as the time to unload the finished part. The load time can depend on the
size, weight, and complexity of the work piece, as well as the type of fixture.

 Cut time
- The time required for the cutting tool to make all the necessary cuts in the work piece for
each operation. The cut time for any given operation is calculated by dividing the total cut
length for that operation by the feed rate, which is the speed of the tool relative to the work
piece.

 Idle time
- Also referred to as non-productive time, this is the time required for any tasks that
occur during the process cycle that do not engage the work piece and therefore remove
material. This idle time includes the tool approaching and retracting from the work piece,
tool movements between features, adjusting machine settings, and changing tools.
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Tool replacement time

- The time required to replace a tool that has exceeded its lifetime and therefore become to
worn to cut effectively. This time is typically not performed in every cycle, but rather only
after the lifetime of the tool has been reached. In determining the cycle time, the tool
replacement time is adjusted for the production of a single part by multiplying by the
frequency of a tool replacement, which is the cut time divided by the tool lifetime.

In turning, the speed and motion of the cutting tool is specified through several parameters.
These parameters are selected for each operation based upon the work piece material, tool
material, tool size, and more.
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Milling
CNC milling, or computer numerical control milling, is a machining process which employs
computerized controls and rotating multi-point cutting tools to progressively remove
material from the work piece and produce a custom-designed part or product. This process
is suitable for machining a wide range of materials, such as metal, plastic, glass, and wood,
and producing a variety of custom-designed parts and products.

Several capabilities are offered under the umbrella of precision CNC machining services,
including mechanical, chemical, electrical, and thermal processes. CNC milling is a
mechanical machining process along with drilling, turning, and a variety of other machining
processes, meaning that material is removed from the work piece via mechanical means,
such as the actions of the mill machine’s cutting tools.
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The CNC milling machine Working Process

CNC, or Computer Numerical Control, places tools under the direct guidance of a
computerized operating system.

Successful, high-quality milling is a combination of three elements:

1. A cutter with many teeth and ideal sharpness for a material

2. Spinning a tool at high enough speed to process a material correctly
3. An appropriate feed rate for advancing the chosen material through the process

CNC allows for extremely close control of these elements. The computerized systems read
design information directly from an engineer’s drawings or models, eliminating possibilities
for error between design and production.
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Drilling
Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid
materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multi-point. ... Instead, the hole
is usually made by hammering a drill bit into the hole with quickly repeated short
movements.

A drill is a tool primarily used for making round holes or driving fasteners. It is fitted with a
bit, either a drill or driver, depending on application, secured by a chuck. ... Drills are
commonly used in woodworking, metalworking, machine tool fabrication, and construction
and utility projects.

Reaming
The size of hole made by drilling may not be accurate and the internal surface will not be
smooth. Reaming is an accurate way of sizing and finishing a hole which has been previously
drilled by a multi point cutting tool known as reamer. The surface obtained by reaming will
be smoother and the size accurate. The speed of the spindle is made half that of drilling.
Reaming removes very small amount of metal (approx 0.375 mm). In order to finish a hole
and bring it to the accurate size, the hole is drilled slightly undersize.
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Boring
Boring is the operation enlarging the diameter of the previously made hole. It is done for the
following reasons.

 To enlarge a hole by means of an adjustable cutting this is done when a suitable

sized drill is not available or the hole diameter is so large that is cannot be ordinarily
drilled.
 To finish a hole accurately and bring it to the required size.
 To machine the internal surface of the hole already produced in casting.
 To correct out of roundness of the hole.
 To correct the location of the hole as the boring tool follows independent path with
respect to the hole.

Counter boring
Counter the boring is operation of enlarging the end of the hole cylindrically. The enlarged
hole forms a square shoulder with the original hole. This is necessary in some cases to
accommodate the heads of bolts, studs and pins. The tool used for counter boring is known
as counter bore.

The counter bores are made with cutting edges which may be straight or spiral. The cutting
speed for counter boring is at least 25% lesser than that of drilling.

Spot Facing
Spot facing is the operation of smoothing and squaring the surface around a hole. It is done
to provide proper seating for a nut or the head of a screw. A counter bore or a special
spot facing tool may be employed for this purpose.

Tapping
Tapping is the operation of cutting internal threads by means of a cutting tool called ‘tap’.
Tapping in a drilling machine may be performed by hand or by power. When the tap is
screwed into the hole, it removes metal and cuts internal threads which will fit into external
threads of the same size.
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Trepanning
Trepanning is the operation of producing a hole in sheet metal by removing metal along the
circumference of a hollow cutting tool. Trepanning operation is performed for producing
large holes. Fewer chips are removed and much of the material is saved while the hole is
produced. The tool may be operated at higher speeds. The speed depends upon the
diameter of the hole to be made. The tool resembles a hollow tube having cutting edges at
one end and a solid shank at the other to fit into the drill spindle.
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Grinding
Surface grinding. Surface grinding is used to produce a smooth finish on flat surfaces. It is a
widely used abrasive machining process in which a spinning wheel covered in rough
particles (grinding wheel) cuts chips of metallic or non-metallic substance from a work
piece, making a face of it flat or smooth.

Grinding is an abrasive machining process that uses a grinding wheel as the cutting tool. A
wide variety of machines are used for grinding: Hand-cranked knife-sharpening stones
(grindstones) Handheld power tools such as angle grinders and die grinders.

Cylindrical Grinding
Cylindrical grinding is performed by mounting and rotating the work between centres in a
cylindrical grinding machine. The work is fed longitudinally against the rotating grinding
wheel to perform grinding. The upper table of the grinding machine is set at 0° during the
operation.

Taper grinding
Taper grinding on long be work pieces can done by swivelling the upper table. If the work
piece is short, the wheel head may be swivelled to the taper angle. Another method of
grinding external taper is to true the face of the grinding wheel by a diamond tool dresser to
the required angle. In this case, the table and the wheel head are not swivelled.

Thread Grinding
Thread grinding machines are used to grind threads accurately. The grinding wheel itself is
shaped to the thread profile. These formed grinding wheels have one or multi threads on
them.

Wet Grinding
The method of spreading a good quantity of coolant over the work surface and wheel faces
during grinding is known as ‘wet grinding’. Soda water is used as a coolant. The process of
grinding generates high amount of heat generally about 2000°C. Various properties of the
work material change due to the heat. In order to reduce the heat generated during
grinding, coolant is used. Wet grinding promotes long wheel life and better look of the
ground surface. Coolant is pumped from the tank through pipelines.

Dry Grinding
Dry grinding is the method of doing grinding operation without applying coolant. Dry
grinding produces undesirable effects on work surfaces. It leads to burring & discoloration.
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Manufactured components
 Shafts
 Spindles

Shafts
A shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section, which is used to
transmit power from one part to another, or from a machine which produces power to a
machine which absorbs power. The various members such as pulleys and gears are mounted
on it.

A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, propeller shaft (prop shaft), or Cardin shaft is a
mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation, usually used to connect other
components of a drive train that cannot be connected directly because of distance or the
need to allow for relative movement between them.

Materials. The material used for ordinary shafts is mild steel. When high strength is
required, alloy steel such as nickel, nickel-chromium or chromium-vanadium steel is used.

There are two types of shaft: Transmission Shaft. Machine Shaft.

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Spindles
Spindle in machine tools, a spindle is a rotating axis of the machine, which often has a shaft
at its heart. ... A machine tool may have several spindles, such as the headstock and tailstock
spindles on a bench lathe.

A spindle is a straight spike usually made from wood used for spinning, twisting fibers such
as wool, flax, hemp, cotton into yarn.
In an automobile, the spindle is a part of the suspension system that carries the hub for the
wheel and attaches to the upper and lower control arms. The spindle is referred to as an
upright in UK-built vehicles and in areas dominated by cars designed for the UK, like
Australia, New Zealand etc.
 Lathe headstock: H4 - Spindle.
 Lathe tailstock: T5 - Spindle.
 Multi spindle lathe.
 Vertical milling machine

Machine spindles can be created to include automatic-balancing or air-purging options. We

can also implement high-frequency drives, which use liquid-cooling to regulate heat
functionally, or you can select spindles that use coolant feeds.
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Responsibilities of the intern

 Since most of the part was kept for observing and studying we helped them out with
gauges.
 Much preference was given to dress code and safety parameters such as wearing
goggles and safety shoes.
 Supervision at the Centre is designed so that interns have exposure to a number of
different staff members during the internship.
 Attending meetings were a great opportunity to obtain feedback and direction from
our supervisor.
 Taking the initiative if supervisor isn’t scheduling regular meetings.
 Approaching all tasks with enthusiasm and professionalism. Increased our ability to
successfully complete these menial tasks which was a stepping stone to more
 Finding a mentor within the organization was a major key to a successful internship.
 Taking advantage of the opportunities that was offered in the organization was a
good part.
 Some companies and organizations had trainings and provided guidance during our
orientation that covered most of the details about internship.
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Intern’s implementations
 Kaizen is a strategy where employees work together proactively to achieve regular,
incremental improvements in the manufacturing process. This strategy is effective
because it focuses the collective talents and resources of your company on creating
a culture continually on the lookout for ways to eliminate waste from manufacturing
processes and industrial purpose.
 The 5S approach emphasizes the organization of your work area. This strategy
involves sorting - eliminating that which is not needed. Once that’s done, the
remaining items are set in order. Then, you create a work area that shines. After
that, you standardize - writing standards for each of the above elements of the
process. Finally, you sustain the strategy by regularly applying the standards. The 5S
approach eliminates waste resulting from a poorly organized work area.
 Productivity inefficiency in virtually any manufacturing category can usually be
traced back to 6 universally occurring loss categories.
 They include breakdowns, setup/adjustments, small stops, reduced speed, start-up
rejects and production rejects.
 The Six Big Losses approach gives you a guideline for attacking the most common
causes of waste in manufacturing processes.
 OEE provides a framework for measuring productivity loss for a given manufacturing
process.
 Machine monitoring dovetails nicely with OEE. Machine monitoring software
automatically collects data from machines and uses this data to provide real-time
visualizations and notifications, as well as historical analytics to help operators and
management make faster and more informed decisions.

 In addition to providing you with at-a-glance performance on a machine-by-machine

basis, machine monitoring gives you a window onto your entire manufacturing
process.

 If you are utilizing secure, cloud-based manufacturing software, it also puts

information at your fingertips anywhere there’s an internet connection.
 Machine downtime, quality issues, and poor performance can be categorized
automatically or by the operator.
 The key to creating a truly lean manufacturing process is being open-minded. You
may find through experimentation that a combination of lean techniques delivers
the optimal result.
 Machine Metrics can serve as the backbone to any lean manufacturing program by
providing real-time manufacturing analytics and allowing you to track the positive
impact your lean implementations have on your productivity and efficiency over
time.
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Professional and tech take-away

 I have always believed that the real, practical knowledge lies outside the
confines of a classroom. If you want to learn something, you have to step
outside and see how things actually work. One way of learning something is
through an internship. An internship is something that gives a student the
opportunity to gain practical experience in a professional environment, and
to apply what they have learned in the classroom, in the real world.
Internships are the cherries on top of the resume sundae which can make any
student stand out in the eyes of the employers.
 A production manager typically works in a manufacturing or industrial
setting, directing internal processes and ensuring the successful completion
of a project. This professional might bring products to market or assemble
tools and machinery for industrial use. Whatever the project's goal, a
production manager takes responsibility for each resource and process.
 While working on the floor or in a production area, production managers
have to follow the same guidelines that their employees follow. For instance,
manufacturing plants often create somewhat dangerous conditions, so
management staff must wear hard hats, safety glasses.
 In most facilities, the production manager maintains an office next to the
plant or facility floor. This location can reduce transit time and allows the
manager to respond to emergency situations quickly. The work can prove
stressful, especially when working under tight deadlines, and production
managers must realize that they're responsible for their employees' safety.
 Depending on the facility, the work environment can prove hot, humid, and
dangerous. In chemical plants, for example, production managers must
protect themselves from exposure to harmful substances. Staying hydrated
and taking breaks can help managers and other staff members deal with hot
work environments.
 Most production managers work full-time, regular business hours. However,
during peak production periods or when facing deadlines, they might have to
work overtime or take administrative work home to complete. Additionally,
manufacturing facilities often stay open long after regular business hours, so
management team members occasionally must work swing shifts and
weekends to make sure they don't fall behind.
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 Additionally, if something goes wrong on the production floor, the manager

must respond, especially during overnight hours. Setbacks such as machinery
breakdowns and emergencies, including worker injuries, need immediate
attention. In some cases, however, companies hire production managers and
production assistants, in which case the manager can sometimes delegate
after-hours tasks.
 The education requirements for production managers vary from one
company to another. Smaller manufacturers and industrial companies might
hire managers with bachelor's degrees or significant industry experience,
while bigger companies often look for professionals with master's degrees
and more work experience. Most companies don't specify a specific type of
degree, but you might get a job faster if you focus on specific concentrations.
 Few production managers start their careers with a management title. They
often work as assistants, buyers, materials clerks, or production area
specialists before they get promoted. Advanced education can speed up this
process and earn you a management job after graduation, but you might
have to start with a smaller company, fewer employees, and less autonomy.
 What does a production manager do to get hired quickly? You can broaden
your job search to include companies in niche markets and use your online
network to find out about opportunities that haven't been advertised
publicly. If you've recently graduated from school, consider using your alma
mater's career services office to help you look for job openings.
 When it comes to CNC machines, they are milling machines that are
automated digitally. The main reason for CNC machine popularity is due to
the fact that they reduce manpower, reduce time, and increase the quality of
the product being produced. However, these machines do require machinist
oversight in the event of failure.
 A CNC Machinist should be able to identify and interpret the 2D engineering
blueprints/illustrations of the engineering machines or components. In
addition to this, the CNC machinist must economically complete and plan the
manufacturing of all components when utilizing the available equipment and
time.
 Paying careful attention to errors found in current manufactured equipment
or components. If faults or errors are found, the machinist must correct them
so the equipment or components can be used properly.
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 Maintaining a high level of craftsmanship. This is the most important quality a

CNC Machinist can possess. They should have no problem finding safe,
effective, and economical ways to improve productivity within a company or
production.

 Aside from the technical aspects of the machine, the machinist must also
know how to formulate procedures, set priorities, set schedules, and create
a 3D image of the product mentally before it is created. This is a common
quality found in expert machinists. Other important qualities include.

 The first CNC machines were developed in the 1940s and 50s and relied on a
common telecommunication data storage technology known as “punched
tape” or “perforated paper tape.” Punched tape technology is long obsolete
as the data medium quickly transitioned to analogue and then digital
computer processing in the 1950s and 1960s.
 Precision Machinists use many machine tools, such as lathes, milling
machines, grinders, and drill presses, to produce precision metal / non-metal
parts. These parts must be made to exacting standards, and the machinist
uses precision measuring instruments to ensure accuracy and that the parts
meet quality guidelines.
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Conclusion
 Interns are usually undergraduates or students, and most internships last
between a month and three months. Internships are usually part-time if
offered during a university semester and full-time if offered during the
vacation periods.
 Joining a company as an intern gives you the opportunity to work hands on in
a professional environment. As an intern you're not just there to get coffee or
run errands but you're there to gain actual work experience. Internships help
by teaching you more about the career path you are pursuing. Think of it like
this – internships are a way to test drive possible jobs and explore different
career options.
 Internships often give you the opportunity to attend meetings and events. By
interacting with professionals you gain new connections and learn how to
communicate in a professional environment. Personally, my internships have
introduced me to a lot of useful resources and have given me the opportunity
to meet a variety of professionals in my field. Networking has helped me
acquire reference and find new job opportunities. Internships can even
provide you with a professional mentor.
 As a college student I know the importance of a strong resume. Without a
solid resume it can be tougher to be considered for a position. And how can
you have a strong resume without any experience? Internships are key to
building experience as a student or recent graduate. Employers are much
more likely to hire someone with internships and work experience rather
than someone with a generic resume, lacking experience.
 As an intern you'll become a master of time management. When you're
working in a fast paced professional environment you need to know every
minute counts. Time management is vital in every circumstance
whether you're attending meetings, finishing tasks on deadlines, making
phone calls, picking up your boss' dry cleaning or walking their dog (just
kidding about those last two).
 Internships provide you with the building blocks you need for your future.
Many internship opportunities help set the foundation for your career. It is
important that you choose you internships based on your interests and
career prospects. As an intern you have the opportunity to get your foot in
the door with a company. Keep in mind, employers often use internships as a
recruitment tool to test out future employees and in many cases, companies
hire interns after graduation.