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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Praise to Allah for 4 weeks I undergo my internship that begin on early March this year till
early of April, I finally successfully completed my industrial training report. For the remaining 4
weeks more than I have to continue my training in order to complete my course, I pray to Allah
hoping my journey is in His bliss. I also would like to extend my thankfulness to the most precious
persons in my life, my father and mother for all their moral support, financial support and also to
my friends for never ending reminding me to always be honest and trustworthy during my training
here. As for my supervisor from Univesiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Assoc. Prof. Ts.
Dr. Mohd Haziman Bin Wan Ibrahim. I thank you for all the reprimand and guidance as it is very
helpful for me in completing my report. Last but not least I would like to extend my appreciation to
my industrial supervisor, Fadzlee Nizam Bin Jaafar for their advices and patiently guiding me
through while I working here as a trainee. Not forget for all the staff working at ORICC. I very
much appreciate for their entire kindness helping and teaching me when I’m working here. I am
very lucky to have such a helpful colleagues and I never flat left out in any situation.

I am entrusted to undergo my industrial training at Pejabat Pengurusan, Penyelidikan,


Inovasi, Pengkomersilan, Perundingan dan Pusat Pengajian Siswazah for 4 weeks before I can
complete my subject course in order to graduate. For now I have completed half of the period
required for my training. During these 4 weeks working here I am exposed to many new things
which are very valuable for me to learn and carry out with devotion when I face the real world of
working in the future. Undergoing for industrial training has become one of the curricular that
college student compulsory to attend especially for those who studied at Mercubuana University.
The motive of this action is to expose students and let them experience the environment of the real
world of working before graduating. It is also to prepare students to face the real challenge and
learn gow to find solution when problem encountered besides completing the course. This exposure
not only will prepare the students but it also a great opportunity to gain knowledge at industry.
Besides that, it can prepare students on how to polish more their soft skill especially on how to
communicate with people around their ages but wjen working there are differences in ages and this
required communication skill. Their period for completing industrial training is different according

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to course. Most of the courses need to undergo 4 weeks training period in order to complete it as
for others 2-3 month but this period of time undergo this training is not the measurement to ensure
the student will get full benefit out of it. If the students itself doesn’t know how to grab the
opportunity given even undergoing training for 4 weeks would be useless. Therefore it is important
to make use of the chances give and make the best out of it as this experience is priceless and it
wouldn’t be the same when we are working later.

I have learn a lot of valuable things while working here.. I realize that learning theoretical is
never the same when it comes to practice. There are a lot more to master than just learning from
book. For example it is impossible to master the etiquette of commucating with others form the
book unless we put it in action. I also learned it is very important to know how to work as part of
the team especially when you are working in a big organization. In order to complete the task given
timing is also another crucial thing to take care of. As is it know, the world of working is a
completely different phase compared to the tome when we studying; therefore by going for an
industrial training it is in hope that the students are well prepared and have high confidence to serve
the community. Students have to carry a big responsibility when working at industry and carry it
with honestly and sincerity.

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ABSTRAK

Untuk menuju ke negara perindustrian, Indonesia dan Malaysia membutuhkan ahli dalam bidang
teknologi dan sains. Untuk mencapai visi tersebut, Universitas Mercu Buana dan Universitas Tun
Hussein Onn Malaysia bekerja sama membuat program pertukaran pelajar (international
internship). Program ini bertujuan agar mahasiswa Indonesia dapat mempelajari sesuatu yang
baru yang telah didadapatkan dan diterapkan di negara asal begitupun sbealiknya untuk
mahasiswa Malaysia.

Selama pelatihan industry berlangsung, mahasiwa harus membuat laporan. Laporan tersebut
berisi kegiatan yang telh dilakukan selama 4 minggu (masa internship) di proyek Pejabat
Pembangunan dan Penyenggaraan, yaitu Kantor Penelitian, Inovasi, Komersialisasi, dan
Konsultasi Manajemen Universitas Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (ORICC). Laporan ini terdiri dari
latar belakang perusahaan, struktur organisasi perusahaan, kegiatan yang telah dilakukan selama
periode pelatihan, komentar dan saran untuk perusahaan dan universitas itu sendiri. Semoga
informaasi yang dipaparkan dapat memuaskan dan memberi manfaat bagi pembaca, perusahaan,
dan terutma bagi saya sendiri.

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ABSTRACT

Toward be an industrial country, Indonesia and Malaysia need an expert specialized in science
and technology. In order to achieve the vision, Mercu Buana University and Tun Hussein Onn
Malaysia cooperate to create a program which is student exchange program (international
internship). This program for Indonesian student to learn something new that can be
implemented into the country and it is otherwise for Malaysian student.

During the industrial training, student has to make a report. The report contains the activities that
has been done for 4 weeks on Pejabat Pembangunan dan Penyenggaraan’s project, which is
Research, Innovation, Commercialization and Consultancy Management Office of Univesity Tun
Hussein Onn Malaysia (ORICC). The report consist of the background of the company,
organization structure of the company, activities that has been done during training period, the
comments and suggestions for the company or university itself. Hopefully any information
disclosed will satisfy the readers and give benefits for myself and the company.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................................ i
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................................................. iii
ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................................ iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................. v
LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................... vii
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................... viii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL TRAINING .................................................................................... 1
1.1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2. Industrial Training Objective ....................................................................................................... 1
1.3. Report Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.4. Importance of Industrial Training................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 2
BACKGROUND OF ORGANIZATION .................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Introduction of Organization ........................................................................................................ 4
2.2 History of PPH ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.3 Objectives Of Development And Maintenance Office ................................................................. 5
2.4 Quality Objectives Of Development And Maintenance Office .................................................... 5
2.5 Organization Chart ....................................................................................................................... 7
2.6 Work Process .............................................................................................................................. 15
2.7 Flow Chart .................................................................................................................................. 17
2.8 CARTA ALIR KERJA BAGI SETIAP AKTIVITI ................................................................... 18
CHAPTER 3
SUMMARY OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ACTIVITIES ..................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 4
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................ 21
4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 21
4.2 Types of Bricks........................................................................................................................... 21

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4.3 Strength and Weakness of Clay Brick ........................................................................................ 33
4.4 Description of The Problem ....................................................................................................... 34
4.5 Solution for The Problem ........................................................................................................... 36
4.6 Procedure of Implemention for The Solution ............................................................................. 37
CHAPTER 5
RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................................... 39
5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 39
5.2 Recommedantions ...................................................................................................................... 39
CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSIONS........................................................................................................................................ 41

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Change the name of the current and new sections .......................................................................... 4
Table 2. Organization Chart .......................................................................................................................... 7
Table 3. Function Chart ................................................................................................................................ 9
Table 4. Activities for Functions................................................................................................................. 12
Table 5. Work Process ................................................................................................................................ 16
Table 6. Flow Chart .................................................................................................................................... 17

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Burnt Clay Brick ......................................................................................................................... 23


Figure 2. Fly Ash Brick ............................................................................................................................... 23
Figure 3. Concrete Brick ............................................................................................................................ 24
Figure 4. Sand-lime Brick ........................................................................................................................... 24
Figure 5. Firebrick...................................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 6. Bullnose Brick ............................................................................................................................. 26
Figure 7. Airbricks ...................................................................................................................................... 27
Figure 8. Channel Bricks ............................................................................................................................ 27
Figure 9. Cow Nose Brick ........................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 10. Coping Brick ............................................................................................................................. 28
Figure 11. Capping Brick ........................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 12. Brick Veneers ............................................................................................................................ 29
Figure 13. Curved Sector Bricks................................................................................................................. 30
Figure 14. Hollow Bricks ............................................................................................................................ 30
Figure 15. Paving Bricks ............................................................................................................................ 31
Figure 16. Perforated Bricks ...................................................................................................................... 31
Figure 17. Installtion Brick......................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 18. Installtion Brick in 3D Model ................................................................................................... 34
Figure 19. A gap between mortar and brick ............................................................................................... 35
Figure 20. The brick is not parallel to the column ..................................................................................... 35

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

1.1. Introduction

Industrial Training is a major component of the undergraduate curriculum offered at Universiti


Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). Students are required to undergo industrial training and
must pass training before being certified for the award of the bachelor of Universiti Tun
Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). In industrial training, student will be placed at the
government or private firm for 4 week to expose student to a real workinh environment and
different from the atmosphere of the university. During the 4 weeks of students undergo this
industrial training, students will face several of challenges and problems that have not been
met. Therefore, students need to prepare physically and mentally to continue undergoing this
infustrial training untul the expiry of the period set by university.

1.2. Industrial Training Objective

1.1.1. To expose the students to the real life working experience and expanding the
knowledge in the specific field

Students will further learn about their real life profession. They will also learn what they
need to do in order to finish their works. This will prepare the students so that they will
easily fit in and fulfill the demands of their profession after they finish the course.

1.1.2. To make use of the theory and learned in the university

Tudents are only exposed to the basic theory and needed in the fields of their own.
These theory and were mainly according to the books. With the industrial training in
place, students will experience real life situation in the field. This will make the students
use their knowledge in order to get their work done.

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1.1.3. To produce trustworthy workers with high responsibility and able to cooperate
with other staff.

All tasks given by the supervisor must be completed ith the sense of trustworthy and ful
responsibility. This attitude very important to ensure all business entrusted to students
were carried out flawlessly. Also, it trains the students to be honest not only to
themselves but others as well.

1.1.4. Enchance student’s confidence at the end of training.

When the industrial training students are exposed to a variety of problems and had to
face it. With the experience learned through industrial training, the students will be
more confidence both in learning and working. High pirit and skill to overcome the
problems faced certainy create a strong confidence in the students

1.1.5. Learn to interact with superior officers

In this training, students get the opportunity to interact with upper management such as
engineer, director, consultant, and others. With this opportunity, students will be able to
associate and discuss with them in a closer way. This opportunity will not come without
the implication of industrial training. This opportunity should be used well by the
student to learn more

1.1.6. Increase the interest and curiosity

there will be many few things that students wil face during the period of the industrial
training. These events wil enchance the curiosity in the students. Other than that, the
real life exposure given to the students will also increase the interest of students towards
their fields of studies

1.3. Report Objectives


The objective of the report enable the students:
i. to provide a work document effectively
ii. to produce students that are responsible for their work by providing enough evidential
documents that related to work

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iii. to expose the students on how to provide a proper document
iv. to build self confidence in the students while providing the document
v. to complete the prerequisite for the students to pass industrial training university

1.4. Importance of Industrial Training


Industrial training are important to the students in many aspects. This is because this module
was created to give benefit to students, especially students who take up studies in UTHM.
Among the importance is:
i. To produce employee that are full disciplined after they have graduated from the
university. This can be seen through the students who take a part in the industrial
training,they are not only bound to the rules set by the university but also rules fixed by
the organization that students take their industrial training at
ii. To produce employee that students take their industria training at the organization given
to them, students will be more skillful in carrying out a job after they were explained on
how to do the job by a more experienced coworker
iii. Student who went through industrial training will be more mature in conducting the
works given to them
iv. Students will also be more knowledge and understanding about matters related to their
field of study
v. To form a personality and skills of the students towards a more positive for them more
confident when working soon
vi. To appreciate the importance of good communication and interpersonal skills, and to
develop these skills

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CHAPTER 2

BACKGROUND OF ORGANIZATION

2.1 Introduction of Organization


Background of the office of development and maintenance PPH founded in 2001 in line with
the establishment of Kolej Universiti Tun Hussein Onn (KUiTTHO) on 27 September 2000 and
is headed by the Director.

2.2 History of PPH


The Restructuring of Building and Management Office (PPHB) was implemented and
approved by the Executive Committee No. 3/2014 convened on 9 February 2014. From 1
January 2014, PPH is known as the Development Division, Facilities Strengthening Division
and the Office of Hartabina Administration under the supervision of the Assistant Vice-
Chancellor (Development, Facilities and ICT).

On 24 August 2015 The Executive Committee meeting of 12.12 / 2015 has agreed with the
restructuring and restructuring of the office / division at the Assistant Vice-Chancellor Office
(Development, Facilities Management and ICT) The Structure with effect from 1 September
2015.

No Previous Name Name After


1 Bahagian Pembangunan Bahagian Pembangunan
2 Bahagian Pengurusan Fasiliti Bahagian Pengurusan Fasiliti
3 Pejabat Pentadbiran Hartabina Pejabat Pentadbiran Hartabina
4 Tiada Bahagian Pengurusan Kontrak
5 Pusat Teknologi Maklumat Pusat Teknologi Maklumat
6 Tiada Unit Pembangunan Kampus Pagoh
7 Bahagian Persekitaran, keselamatan dan Bahagian Persekitaran, keselamatan dan
Kesihatan Pekerjaan (OSHE) Kesihatan Pekerjaan (OSHE)
Table 1. Change the name of the current and new sections

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In August 2017, University Board Meeting No.3 Year 2017 on 18 July 2017 agreed with the
restructuring and restructuring of UTHM Organization Chart. This restructuring involves the
restructuring of the Office of Assistant Vice Conselor (Facilities Management and ICT) which
is now known as the Development and Maintenance Office effective from 1 August 2017 led
by Director of Development and Maintenance and assisted by Deputy Director and
Development, Deputy Director of Development, Deputy Director of Maintenance, Deputy
Director of Contract and Quantity Surveying and Deputy Registrar

2.3 Objectives Of Development And Maintenance Office


a. Ensuring the development, design and environments of campuses planned and designed
can be implemented by following the rules and quality set by the University
b. Planning, managing and maintaining a conducive campus to support the process of
teaching and learning of a prudent and systematic university
c. Implementing the procurement process and administration of an organized contract for the
development and maintenance of infrastructure and university facilities
d. Ensure administrative, financial, vehicle services and complaints of PPP damage are
implemented efficiently, effectively and prudently following the rules set by the university
e. Ensure the implementation of concession agreements are followed and enforced by
concessionaire

2.4 Quality Objectives Of Development And Maintenance Office


Ensure that at least 90% of the approved projects are implemented according to the schedule of
execution
a. Ensuring that at least 80% of the damage complaint system can be given feedback within
the stipulated time.
b. Provide at least 25% of the contract and contract documents within 4 months.
c. Provides at least 25% of payment certificates within 21 days from the date of receipt of
complete documents.
d. Ensure that at least 90% of the letter of acceptance of the tender / letter of notification of
receipt of quotation is issued within one week from the acceptance of the decision of the
committee of the approving.

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e. Ensuring that at least 90% of the manageable allocation is spent on the current year's year.
f. Ensuring that at least 90% of the performance index (KPI) of the concession agreement is
achieved by the concessionaire

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2.5 Organization Chart

Table 2. Organization Chart

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2.5.1 Organization chart public division

8
2.5.1.1 Function Chart

Table 3. Function Chart

2.5.1.2 Activities for functions


Development Section
PUBLIC UNIT

UNIT THE MAIN FUNCTION

1. Planning/designing/building and infrastructure.


2. Management and monitoring of DE and
DEVELOPMENT UNIT renovation or Upgrading public.
3. Management and monitoring of DE and
renovation or Upgrading public.
4. The submission of the completed project.
5. Manage the defect liability period (DLP).

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DEVELOPMENT UNIT

FUNGSI THE MAIN FUNCTION ACTIVITIES

1. The 1. Receive Command 1. Receive document command implementation.


beginning of Implementation 2. Open the project file.
the Project 3. General information project.

1. Determination of project team.


2. The appointment of the
2. Exit the appointment letter of the project team.
project team
3. Terms of reference

3. Analysis and Verification


1. Visiting and making feasibility studies the proposed
Site
project site.
2. Confirmation of the project site.
3. Verification of the site based on the Masterplan.

4. The preparation of the 1. Provide a summary of project proposals to be


summary of the project. implemented by holding meetings with the customer.
2. Provide schedule job desk.

5. Provide project scope


1. Provide space requirements (SOA) from users
work with customers
according to the norms set by the EPU.
and project teams.
2. Cost Estimate.
3. Suggest a method implementation:
a. Konvesional (Interior).
b. Konvesional (Consultant)
c. Design and build.

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6. Review of SOA and
1. Get a confirmation from the customer.
Data preparation room
2. The preparation and verification of the Room Data.
and value Management
3. Convene a meeting/workshop on value Management
(VM).
(VM) for projects exceeding RM50 million.

7. Estimated Poject Cost 1. Prepare an initial project cost Estimates in accordance


(PDA) with the provisions set out
2. If the initial estimates in excess of the original
provisions, changes in the scope of work to be done
and presented in meetings with customers.

8. Preparation of Drawing 1. Prepare Drawing concept for client-side authentication.


Concepts

9. Accept appointment of a 1. Receive document execution of project construction


contractor for the impelemtation.
2. Project
implementation of the 2. Enter the site.
Construction
project construction

10. Control in construction 1. Scope review, plan and specifications are in line with
project contract document.
2. Monitor project progress
3. Monitoring the performance of consultants.
4. Perform site and technical meetings.
5. Ensure work is carried out according to work procedures
and specifications.

11. Submission of project 1. Make a revision of the overall work and verification by a
completion consultant and a client.
2. Check and verify the as-built drawing by contractors
certified by a consultant.
3. List the construction defect and confirmed by all parties.

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12. Acceptance list of damage. 1. Prepare a list of defects that have been verified to
13. Repair defects consultants and contractors to be checked and
3. Within
repaired.
dependent defect.
2. Check and confirm the repair work carried out by
the contractor.

4 Submission 14. To receive the list of defects 1. Check all the damage and the repairs that were done by
expired defect and repair. contractors is perfect as well as confirmed by startup
15. Submission of the building consultant.
as a whole. 2. Receive an expired building defects.

Table 4. Activities for Functions

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POSITION: ASSISTANT ENGINEER (CIVIL)
GENERAL INFORMATION

ASSISTANT CIVIL
ENGINEER,
THE TITLE OF THE POST HEAD OF SERVICE NAIB CANSELOR
DEVELOPMENT UNIT
AND MODIFY
POSITION IN
ASSISTANT CIVIL DETAILS OF THE WARRANTS
SUMMARY OF POSITION WARRANTY OF
ENGINEER IN SKP
WELFARE

POSITION GRADE JA29 MAIN FIELD


CIVIL ENGINEERING

CONSTRUCTION
GRED JD JA29 SUB-FIELD MANAGEMENT

PERMANENT AND FADZLEE NIZAM BIN


DIRECTORSHIP PROVIDED BY
PENSIONABLE JAAFAR
MOHAMAD ZAKI BIN
HIERARCHICAL 1 (PART) PUBLIC DIVISION REQUIRED BY LOKEMAN

Ts. Hj. ROSZAIDI BIN ALI


HIERARCHICAL 2 (BRANCH/SECTOR/UNIT) PPP APPROVED BY

SCHEME OF SERVICE ENGINEERING (AC) DOCUMENT DATE

THE PURPOSE OF THE CREATION OF THE POSITION OF

Ensure that the management and coordination of development projects and renovation Projects undertaken on provisions and follow the standards set.

ACCOUNTABILITY MAIN TASK

 Assist engineers in ensuring the design structure


is conform the specifications of the buildings and
other infrastructure.
1. Monitor and supervise development projects
 Ensure and coordinate work – related
effectively in support of a conducive teaching
construction work at the site in accordance with
and learning with minimal cost.
the correct design specifications.
 Assist Engineers in making the papers by
2. Monitor and oversee the renovation or upgrading
directors including check quotation and tender
project undertaken in accordance with circular or
for work – work structures and public.
on the set.
 Update project status, meeting coordinating
every month for public division.
 Assist project coordinator handles meeting sites
and technical coordination meeting.
 Memastikan ujian – ujian kerja kejuruteraan

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Awam di lakukan mengikut spesifikasi yang di
tetapkan.
 Make sure tests civil engineering works done
according to the specifications in the set.
 Check site daily report for a project being run.
 Monitors the performance of the contractor each
month.

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2.6 Work Process
No

RESPONSIBILITY WORK PROCESS

Pen. Engineer/draftsman  Site Inspection


1  Preparation of planes and schematic drawing.
 Preparation of quotation

Pen. Engineer/draftsman  Revised drawings plan and schematic.


2
 Review of the preparation of quotation

Engineer/draftsman  Final revies of quotation and public drawing

3 documents.
 Purchase application.
 Procurement process

4 Engineer/Pen. Engineers  Evaluating the quotation.


 Appointment Process contractors.

Contractor  Submission of sample materials and equipment


5 specifications.
 Public works project planning Schedule

6
 Approval of materials and specifications.

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No

RESPONSIBILITY WORK PROCESS

Engineer/Pen. Engineers  Truth starts work contractor

7
Contractor  Start working on site

8 Pen. Engineer  Monitoring work at the site.


 Progress Diary

Contractor  Completed work.


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 Testing and Commissioning of public installations
 Report of completed works.

Pen. Engineers  Inspection of the completed work at the site.


10
 Check the report completed by contractors

Engineers  Verification and approval of completed work.


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 Final Check and verification of the document claim
payment.

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Deputy Director  Invoice Verification

Table 5. Work Process

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2.7 Flow Chart
Activity 1: Modify/Upgrade

RESPONSIBILITY WORK PROCESS

Pen. Jurutera Pemeriksaan Tapak

Pen. Jurutera Penyediaan lukisan

Pen. Jurutera Penyediaan sebutharga

Jurutera Proses Perolehan

Jurutera/ Pen. Jurutera Lulus? KIV sekiranya tidak lulus

Jurutera/ Pen. Jurutera Lantikan Kontraktor

Kelulusan Bahan
Jurutera/ Pen. Jurutera

Kerja Di Tapak
Kontraktor

Kelulusan Siap Kerja


Jurutera/ Pen. Jurutera

Lulus? Persiapan kerja di tapak


Jurutera sekiranya tidak lulus

Pengesahan dokumen tuntutan


Timbalan Pengarah/ Jurutera bayaran & hantar ke Pejabat
Bendahari

Table 6. Flow Chart

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2.8 CARTA ALIR KERJA BAGI SETIAP AKTIVITI

MULA

Lukisan Konsep Awalan

Tidak
Pengesahan Lukisan Konsep Baik dan Semak

LULUS

Anggaran Kos Akhir

Tidak Permohonan
Pengesahan Peruntukan
Semula
LULUS

Penyediaan Rekabentuk

Tidak
Pengesahan Rekabentuk Baik/Semak

LULUS

Penyediaan Lukisan Tender & Senarai


Kualiti

SELESAI 18
CHAPTER 3

SUMMARY OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ACTIVITIES

3.1 Industrial Training Scheme


Log book used by students to reprt on the activities or the work performed and the new
knowledge acquired during the industrial training programmed. Daily report should be brought
every day to the organization and filled in details about daily activities carried out on a daily
basis. The purpose of the daily reports prepared to serve as a reference in the preparation of the
final report of industrial training. The daily report will help and facilitate the task of monitoring
by lecturer during the supervision and evaluation session of final report for industrial training.
Workdays : Sunday – Thursday
Working Time : 8.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. (Sun – Wed)
: 8.00 a.m. – 3.30 p.m. (Thu)
Break Time : 1.00 p.m. – 2.00 p.m.
Training Period : 4 weeks (11 March – 7 April 2019)

3.2 Summary of Activities


Week One (11 March 2019 – 14 March 2019)
 Get briefing and explanation about the rules of industrial training
 Visit the main site and get explained about rules on site
 In main site, organize some files
 Attend the recitation on Thursday

Week Two (17 March 2019 – 21 March 2019)


 See installation for plumbing, concrete job, wire, and steel truss in zone B
 Join tool box in the morning (tool box is reminder for always being safety on site)
 Check the result what worker did on site
 Attend the recitation on Thursday at PPP
 Join the meeting between consultant, contractor, and owner

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Week Three (24 March 2019 – 28 March 2019)
 See truss and scaffolding installation in zone B
 See bending process and connection process for steel truss with welding
 Attend the recitation on Thursday at PPP
 Seeing connection process for steel truss with welding
 Seeing unstallation process of framework
 See how steel truss being lifted and got installed as a roof in zone B
 Seeing the installation of “I” beam in zone B

Week Four (31 March 2019 – 1 April 2019)


 See how bending machine works
 Join the tool box in the morning
 Attend the recitation on Thursday at PPP
 Go to FKAAS for the last agenda that is collect the report and closing ceremony
 See attachment clay brickwall

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CHAPTER 4

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ACTIVITIES

4.1 Introduction

A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements and other elements in masonry
construction. Traditionally, the term brick referred to a unit composed of clay, but it is now
used to denote any rectangular units laid in mortar. A brick can be composed of clay-bearing
soil, sand, and lime, or concrete materials. Bricks are produced in numerous classes, types,
materials, and sizes which vary with region and time period, and are produced in bulk
quantities. Two basic categories of bricks are fired and non-fired bricks.

Brick is the oldest manufactured building material. The earliest brick, made from mud
(sometimes with added straw), was invented almost 10,000 years ago. Clay brick started to
appear about 5,000 years ago, when builders borrowed pottery manufacturing techniques to
improve its strength and durability. From some of the oldest known structures to modern
buildings, clay brick has a history of providing shelter that is durable, comfortable, safe, and
attractive.

4.2 Types of Bricks


Classification of Bricks Based on Quality
On the basis of quality, Bricks are of the following kinds:
 First Class Brick: The size is standard. The color of these bricks is uniform yellow or
red. It is well burnt, regular texture, uniform shape. The absorption capacity is less than
10%, crushing strength is, 280kg/cm2 (mean) where it is 245 kg/cm2 (minimum). It
doesn’t have efflorescence. It emits a metallic sound when struck by another similar brick
or struck by a hammer. It is hard enough to resist any fingernail expression on the brick
surface if one tries to do with a thumbnail. It is free from pebbles, gravels or organic
matters. It is generally used-
 in a building of long durability, say 100 years

21
 for building exposes to a corrosive environment;
 for making coarse aggregates of concrete.

 Second Class Brick: The size is standard, color is uniform yellow or red. It is well burnt,
slightly over burnt is acceptable. It has regular shape; efflorescence is not appreciable.
The absorption capacity is more than 10% but less than 15%. Crushing strength is
175kg/cm2(mean) where the minimum is 154 kg/cm2. It emits a metallic sound when
struck by another similar brick or struck by a hammer. It is hard enough to resist any
fingernail expression on the brick surface if one tries to do with a thumbnail. It is used for
the construction of one-storied buildings, temporary shed when intended durability is not
more than 15 years.

 Third Class Brick: The shape and size are not regular. The color is soft and light red
colored. It is under burnt, slightly over burnt is acceptable. It has extensive efflorescence.
The texture is non-uniform. The absorption capacity is more than 15% but less than 20%.
The crushing strength is 140kg/cm2(mean) where the minimum crushing strength is
105kg/cm2. It emits a dull or blunt sound when struck by another similar brick or struck
by a hammer. It leaves fingernail expression when one tries to do with the thumbnail.

Classification of Bricks Based on Building Process

On the basis of the building process Bricks are of following kinds:

1. Unburnt Bricks: These are half burnt bricks. The color is yellow. The strength is low.
They are used as surki in lime terracing. They are used as soiling under RCC footing or
basement. Such bricks should not be exposed to rainwater.
2. Burnt Bricks: Burnt bricks are made by burning them in the kiln. First class, Second
Class, Third Class bricks are burnt bricks.
3. Over Burnt or Jhama Brick: It is often known as the vitrified brick as it is fired at high
temperature and for a longer period of time than conventional bricks. As a result, the
shape is distorted. The absorption capacity is high. The strength is higher or equivalent to

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first class bricks. It is used as lime concrete for the foundation. It is also used as coarse
aggregate in the concrete of slab and beam which will not come in contact with water.

Classification of Bricks Based on Raw Materials

On the basis of raw materials bricks are of following kinds:

1. Burnt Clay Brick: It is obtained by pressing clay in molds and fried and dried in kilns. It
is the most used bricks. It requires plastering when used in construction works.

Figure 1. Burnt Clay Brick

Source : google.com

2. Fly ash clay Brick: It is manufactured when fly ash and clay are molded in 1000 degree
Celsius. It contains a high volume of calcium oxide in fly ash. That is why usually
described as self-cementing. It usually expands when coming into contact with moisture.
It is less porous than clay bricks. It proved smooth surface so it doesn’t need plastering.

Figure 2. Fly Ash Brick

Source : google.com

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3. Concrete Brick: It is made of concrete. It is the least used bricks. It has low compression
strength and is of low quality. These bricks are used above and below the damp proof
course. These bricks are used can be used for facades, fences and internal brickworks
because of their sound reductions and heat resistance qualities. It is also called mortar
brick. It can be of different colors if the pigment is added during manufacturing. It should
not be used below ground.

Figure 3. Concrete Brick

Source : google.com

4. Sand-lime Brick: Sand, fly ash and lime are mixed and molded under pressure. During
wet mixing, a chemical reaction takes place to bond the mixtures. Then they are placed in
the molds. The color is greyish as it offers something of an aesthetic view. It offers a
smoother finish and uniform appearance than the clay bricks. As a result, it also doesn’t
require plastering. It is used as load bearing members as it is immensely strong.

Figure 4. Sand-lime Brick

Source : google.com

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5. Firebrick: It is also known as refractory bricks. It is manufactured from special designed
earth. After burning, it can withstand very high temperature without affecting its shape,
size, and strength. It is used for the lining of chimney and furnaces where the usual
temperature is expected to be very high.

Figure 5. Firebrick

Source : google.com

Classification of Bricks Based on Using Location

On the basis of using location bricks are of following kinds:

1. Facing Brick: The façade material of any building is known as facing brick. Facings
bricks are standard in size, are stronger than other bricks and also have better durability.
The color is red or brown shades to provide a more aesthetic look to the building. There
are many types of facing bricks which use different techniques and technology. Facing
bricks should be weather resistant as they are most generally used on the exterior wall of
buildings.
2. Backing Brick: These types of brick don’t have any special features. They are just used
behind the facing bricks to provide support.

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Classification of Bricks Based on Their Using

There are many uses of bricks. On the basis of the purpose of their using bricks are of
following kinds:

1. Common Bricks: These bricks are the most common bricks used. They don’t have any
special features or requirements. They have low resistance, low quality, low compressive
strength. They are usually used on the interior walls.
2. Engineering Bricks: These bricks are known for many reasons. They have a high
compressive strength and low absorption capacity. They are very strong and dense. They
have good load bearing capacity, damp proof, and chemical resistance properties. They
have uniform red color. They are classified as Class A, class B, class C. Class A is the
strongest but Class B is most used. They are used for mainly civil engineering works like
sewers, manholes, ground works, retaining walls, damp proof courses etc.

Classification of Bricks Based on Shape

On the basis of shape bricks are of following kinds:

1. Bullnose Brick: These bricks are molded into round angles. They are used for rounded
quoin.

Figure 6. Bullnose Brick

Source : google.com

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2. Airbricks: These bricks contain holes to circulate air. They are used in suspended floors
and cavity walls.

Figure 7. Airbricks

Source : google.com

3. Channel Bricks: They are molded into the shape of a gutter or channel. They are used in
drains.

Figure 8. Channel Bricks

Source : google.com

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4. Cow Nose Bricks: Bricks having double bullnose known as Cow Nose Bricks.

Figure 9. Cow Nose Brick

Source : google.com

5. Coping Bricks: They can be half round, chamfered, Saddleback, angled varied according
to the thickness of the wall.

Figure 10. Coping Brick

Source : google.com

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6. Capping Bricks: These bricks are used to cap the tops of parapets or freestanding walls.

Figure 11. Capping Brick

Source : google.com

7. Brick Veneers: These bricks are thin and used for cladding.

Figure 12. Brick Veneers

Source : google.com

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8. Curved Sector Bricks: These are curved in shape. They are used in arcs, pavements etc.

Figure 13. Curved Sector Bricks

Source : google.com

9. Hollow Bricks: These bricks are around one-third of the weight of the normal bricks.
They are also called cellular or cavity bricks. Their thickness is from 20-25mm. These
bricks pave the way to quicker construction as they can be laid quickly compared to the
normal bricks. They are used in partitioning.

Figure 14. Hollow Bricks

Source : google.com

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10. Paving Bricks: These bricks contain a good amount of iron. Iron vitrifies bricks at low
temperature. They are used in garden park floors, pavements. These bricks withstand the
abrasive action of traffic thus making the floor less slippery.

Figure 15. Paving Bricks

Source : google.com

11. Perforated Bricks: These bricks contain cylindrical holes. They are very light in weight.
Their preparation method is also easy. They consume less clay than the other bricks.
They can be of different shapes like round, square, rectangular. They are used in the
construction of the panels for lightweight, structures, and multistoried frame structures.

Figure 16. Perforated Bricks

Source : google.com

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12. Purpose Made Bricks: For specific purposes, these bricks are made. Splay and can’t
bricks are made for doors and window jambs. Engineering bricks are made for civil
engineering constructions such as sewers, manholes, retaining walls. Fire bricks are made
for chimneys and fireworks. Ornamental bricks are made to use for cornices, corbels.
Arch bricks are used in arcs.

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4.3 Strength and Weakness of Clay Brick

Disadvantages of Bricks
 Time consuming construction
 Cannot be used in high seismic zones
 Since bricks absorb water easily, therefore, it causes fluorescence when not exposed to air
 Very Less tensile strength
 Rough surfaces of bricks may cause mold growth if not properly cleaned
 Cleaning brick surfaces is a hard job
 Color of low quality brick changes when exposed to sun for a long period of time

Advantages of Bricks
 Economical (Raw material is easily available)
 Hard and durable
 Compressive strength is good enough for ordinary construction
 Different orientations and sizes give different surface textures
 Very low maintenance cost is required
 Demolishing of brick structures is very easy, less time consuming and hence economic
 Reusable and Recyclable
 Highly fire resistant
 Produces less environmental pollution during manufacturing process

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4.4 Description of The Problem

On any construction project is generally inseparable from the problems of associated structural
and non structural employment Pejabat Pengurusan, Penyelidikan, Inovasi, Pengkomersilan
Perundingan Dan Pusat Pengkajian Siswazah any of various errors, one of which occurred on
the brick job. The problem that we come up with is the installation for brick.

The problem that occur in Pejabat Pengurusan, Penyelidikan, Inovasi, Pengkomersilan


Perundingan Dan Pusat Pengkajian Siswazah (ORICC) are:
 Why should the installation of bricks not be parallel to each other?

Figure 17. Installtion Brick

Source : on site

Figure 18. Installtion Brick in 3D Model

Source : google.com

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 There was gap between mortar and brick

Figure 19. A gap between mortar and brick

Source : on site

 The installation of bricks is not parallel to the column (the more downward, the more it
sticks in)

Figure 20. The brick is not parallel to the column

Source : on site

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4.5 Solution for The Problem
 Solution 1 (Installation brick not be parallel)
Bricks are not arranged in parallel because if the arrangement was parallel, the structure
will fall easily and the arrangement by turns.

Bricks are not arranged in parallel because each brick can support one to another, support
with push force and compressive force issued by each brick.

 Solution 2 (gap between mortar and brick)


To handle the gap between mortar and brick, use the grouting process. Grouting process is
a process in which liquid mixture and water injected with pressure into fissures in the
specified time will be solid in physics or chemistry.

 Solution 3 (installation of bricks is not parallel to the column)


To arrange bricks neatly and regularly can use marking or using a water pass. which is
easier to use marking, marking only requires a thread or rope drawn from the beginning to
the end of the brick stacking place

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4.6 Procedure of Implemention for The Solution
1. Grouting Method
a. Clean the gap that will be injected
b. Inject the grout liquid into the gap that will be closed
c. Clean excess grout liquid
d. Let it dry

2. Brick Installation Method


a. Check the position of the wall placement that will be done and check the condition of
the foundation placement of the wall if it is in good condition.
b. The condition of the foundation / Sloof must be clean and have a bonding groove
between Sloof to the masonry. If there is dirt or mud on the sloof, it must be cleaned
so that the wall is bonded with the sloof tied properly. Likewise, the column must be
ensured that anchors are used to bind to the wall (usually anchor using 10 mm iron
which is implanted into the column during casting and appears between 15 - 20 cm
long).
c. If the sloof and column conditions are good, then make a thread line on the part of the
wall to be paired. For horizontal straight lines, yarn is made on one side of the edge of
the brick to be installed, carried out by pulling the thread from end to end of the wall.
For firmness vertical perpendicular lines are made against horizontal threads that have
been made, making vertical lines can be made on existing columns or making
auxiliary malls in both ends of the wall to be paired.
d. If the horizontal thread on the initial installation is installed. Then start installing
bricks on the two ends of the wall to be paired, then proceed from one to another until
a connection is reached from beginning to the end. Perform leveling checks on the
bricks that have been installed and make sure all masonry are all flat. If it's flat, then
this is a guide to installing the next level. It must be ensured that the mortar thickness
must be the same and so the filling of mortar between bricks must be the same.
e. If there is a difference in the height of the brick during installation, then to get
evenness can be done by gently hitting the end of the brick until the brick stays flat,

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beating can be done with the condition that the mixture is still wet. If the mortar has
dried, the mortar must be taken and replaced with a new mortar.
f. If the brick has been installed in several series, sometimes there is excess mortar until
it comes out from the side of the pair, if that happens it should be immediately spread
using a cement spoon so that the surface remains flat, do not let it dry out because it
will greatly affects the neatness and flatness of the walls during plastering.
g. After obtaining several levels of the arranged masonry that has been connected from
the beginning to the end of the part of the wall that is paired, then it must draw a
horizontal line from the beginning to the vertical line made to get the wall firmness.
Horizontal thread installation can be done every 50 cm. Make sure to keep pairing in 1
straight line according to the paired thread so that good wall firmness is obtained and
the pair's condition remains neat until the top position.

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CHAPTER 5

RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Introduction

Engineerng is the professional art of applying science to the optimum conversion of the
resources of nature to benefit man. Civil Engineering students need to have internship program
to bridges the gap between theory and practice and provide students with practical, field based,
real world experience during year study.

5.2 Recommedantions

While undergoing a 4 weeks of industrial training at Pejabat Pembangunan Penyenggaraan


(PPP), there are a few of new knowledge that I have learnt, regardless of the knowledge which
related to our respective course or the knowledge for office management itself. Actually with 4
weeks of industrial training is not enough for student too gain knowledge and experience. And
also students can feel the work environment in their fields because each work has a different
atmosphere and environment. Moreover the experience and knowledge gained from industrial
training will complement the knowledge gained from the class. Apart from that, in
implementing industrial training, students can survive and be more critical in solving the
problems they face in the field. This can make students more mature in terms of thinking and
acting. It is hoped that what has been obtained from industrial training can help students in the
future when they are in the workforce.

Apart from that, there are also a few matters that need to be improvised by either the University
or the company itself. Among the improvements that can be suggested are:
1. Because we are the first to have cooperation with Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Univesity.
There are so much lack of preparation which are:
 The departure date is changed all the time and delayed. Because there is no definite
info, the student is hesitant to follow the program. The two campuses should have
been prepared for this and the first impression that students should get is excited.

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 Projects that will be used as industrial training sites are not clear before departure.
There should be complete info before leaving.
 Coordination between project staff and university staff is lacking so that they are not
ready to accept students for industrial training, at least university staff informs them in
advance that there will be student internships who will conduct industrial training on
their site.
2. The company should give the student more work on site and guide them how to do the
work correctly. This is because the staff on office site is busy and therea are a lot of
work to do.
3. And the worker on the site must prioritize the safety. Because the safety is the first aspec
that we need to work in this environment. So when staff on site held tool box in the
morning, all workers must attend and pay attention closely about safety. Tool box is like
morning ceremony before start the work and oll of worker on site and staff on site join
the ceremony.
4. There are so many defect on the result of work on site. This problem occurs because the
material is not good enough and the worker is unskilled to do the work. The company
must pay attention closely with the work and how workers work.

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CHAPTER 6

CONCLUSIONS

As an exchange internship student of Mercu Buana University, I would like to say that this training
program is an good opportunity for us to gain a few experience. I’m so grateful to the cooperation
between Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia University and Mercu Buana University for giving us this
opportunity, especially Pejabat Pembangunan Penyenggaraan (PPP) for guide us on site. The main
objective of industrial training is to provide an opportunity for undergraduates to identify, observe
and practice how information technology is applicable in the real industry. And also we got some
experience in managemenet practices and interact with fellow worker in office. The interact with
fellow worker make us learnt the way of work in an organization and the importance of teamwork.
With program like this, we have gained so many of knowledge and experience , not just work
experience but life experience too because we have a lot of different culture. We hope what we got
in here can be usefull in our future.

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REFERENCES

Personal Communication

Fadzlee Nizam Bin Jaafar, Assistant Engineer

Abd. Hamin Bin Hamdan, Contractor

Books

Site Memo, Liku’s Contractor

Shop Contraction Drawing, Hening Consultant

Achitect Drawing, Akrab Runding

Tender Books UTHM

Internet

https://khedanta.wordpress.com/2011/05/26/cara-pemasangan-dinding-bata/

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/359685117/Jenis-jenis-Ikatan-Bata-Untuk-Tembok-Bata

https://mahligaiidaman.com/jenis-ikatan-bata/

https://www.aboutcivil.org/bricks-advantages-disadvantages-uses.html

https://danahauses.blogspot.com/2016/11/panduan-cara-memasang-batu-bata.html

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