DR.

MOHAMED TAHIR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
COLLEGE OF SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF SHARJAH

INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY & STATISTICS – SECTIONS 12 & 51

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (SET #2)

SPRING SEMESTER OF 2013-2014

PROBLEM #1
25 days were randomly selected in the period from 1/6/2013 to 31/8/2013. The peak power
load or maximum amount of power (in megawatts) generated on each of these days was as
follows:
96.5 100.7 101.6 103.6 105.2 114.8 116.5 118.5 120.0
128.2 128.2 131.7 132.0 136.0 140.5 143.6 148.0 150.1
151.9 153.4 160.0 165.2 175.6 178.4 189.2.
a) What does the population consist of ?
All the days in the period from 1/6/2013 to 31/8/2013.
b) Construct an absolute frequency table for the above data using 18 megawatts as the
width of each class and starting at the smallest peak power load.

Peak power load (in megawatts) Number of selected days

96.5 – less than (96.5 + 18 = 114.5) 5
114.5 – less than (114.5 + 18 = 132.5) 8
132.5 – less than 150.5 5
150.5 – less than 168.5 4
168.5 – less than 186.5 2
186.5 – less than 204.5 1

c) Find the inter-quartile range for the above given data.

r1 = (n + 1)/4 = (25 + 1)/4 = 6.5  Q1 = (114.8 + 116.5)/2 = 115.65
r3 = 3(n + 1)/4 = 3(25 + 1)/4 = 19.5  Q3 = (151.9 + 153.4)/2 = 152.65

IQR = Q3 – Q1 = 152.65 – 115.65 = 37 megawatts

d) Use the table from part a) to draw a frequency histogram (show the labels)

9
8
8

Number of selected days 7

6
5 5
5
4
4

3
2
2
1
1

0
96.5 114.5 132.5 150.5 168.5 186.5 204.5
Peak power load (in megawatts)

d) Find the standard deviation for the above given data. Use the following table:

xi (Peak power load) xi

2

96.5 9312.3
100.7 10140.5
101.6 10322.6
103.6 10733.0
105.2 11067.0
114.8 13179.0
116.5 13572.3
118.5 14042.3
120.0 14400.0
128.2 16435.2
128.2 16435.2
131.7 17344.9
132.0 17424.0
136.0 18496.0
140.5 19740.3
143.6 20621.0
148.0 21904.0
150.1 22530.0
151.9 23073.6
153.4 23531.6
160.0 25600.0
165.8 27489.6
175.6 30835.4
178.4 31826.6
189.2 35796.6
TOTAL 3390 475853
 3390 2
475853 
s2 
25  1
25  16169  673.708333
24
 standard deviation = s  673.70833  25.95589

e) Give the values of three measures of central location for the above given data
(complete the table below).
Mean = 3390/25 = 135.6
Rank of median = (n + 1)/2 = 26/2 = 13  Median = 132
Mode = 128.2 (appears more than the other numbers)

Name of the measure Mean Median Mode

Value of the measure 135.6 132 128.2

f) Find the 33rd percentile for the above given data

R33 = 33(n + 1)/100 = 33(25 + 1)/100 = 8.58  P33 = (118.5 + 120)/2 = 119.25

PROBLEM #2:
The data represent which the breakdown voltage of randomly selected electrically stressed
circuits are summarized in the following table:

Breakdown voltage Number of selected electrically stressed circuits

1750 – less than 1930 2
1930 – less than 2110 3
2110 – less than 2290 6
2290 – less than 2470 8
2470 – less than 2650 12
2650 – less than 2830 4

a) Complete the above given table and construct the relative frequency (to 2 decimal
places) table.

Breakdown voltage Proportion of selected electrically stressed circuits

1750 – less than 1930 2/35 = 0.06

1930 – less than 2110 3/35 = 0.09
2110 – less than 2290 6/35 = 0.17
2290 – less than 2470 8/35 = 0.23
2470 – less than 2650 12/35 = 0.34
2650 – less than 2830 4/35 = 0.11
PROBLEM #3:
a) The responses of randomly selected industries to a question concerning their energy
consumption in 2013 compared to 2012 were as follows:

RESPONSE TO THE QUESTION NUMBER OF SELECTED INDUSTRIES

Slight increase 18
Same as 2012 63
Slight reduction 7

This table shows that 28.41% of the selected industries had change in their energy
consumption …………………………………………………  TRUE  FALSE
b) The number of twists that were required to break each of 14 forged alloy bars were as
follows: 27 18 32 27 32 36 31 40 20 23 23 32 45 30. These data have
 no mode  one mode  two modes  three modes
c) The day on which the emission of sulfur oxides was the highest was recorded for each of
20 industrial plants for the year 2013. Which of the following can be used to summarize
the recorded data?
 The mean
 A frequency histogram
 A bar chart
 None of the above
d) If the strengths of randomly selected 2×4 pieces of lumber have a mean of 1981.7 ppsi
and a median of 1842 ppsi, then the deviation of the strength of each selected piece of
lumber from 1981.7 is equal to 0 …………………………………  True  False