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Application of acoustic emission for structure diagnosis

Article · January 2010

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Kanji Ono
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APPLICATIONOFACOUSTICEl\但SSION
FORSTRUCTUREDIAGNOSIS

I
.INTRODUCTION
Acoustice mission(AE)t estin
go fs tr
uctur
esh asb eenu ti
lize
di nvariousa pplicati
ons
froma erospacetow elding.Curre ntstat
usofAEt echnol ogyisreviewedw ithe mphasison
AEdamagea ssessment.Weh avea c c
umulatedv astknowledgeonAEands uccessfulc a
ses
abound,a lthoug
hd etai
lsu su
allya redif
ficu
lttoa cces
s.Weexaminesomeo frecenta ppli
caｭ
tion
sa ndt rytop ointt h
ewayf ori mprovedAEd iagnosisofs仕uctural healtha ndd isc
uss
gapsino uru nde
r s
t a
n d
i n
gofAEa ndl i
mitsofstandardAEa pproach
.
Whenas t
ructur
ef ail
s,s oundso ru ltr
asoundsa reg enerateda ndthesea reknowna s
acous
tice mission( AE).M ec
ha nicalwavespropagate 仕om as ourcewheref ailureoccurred
tosensorsp lace
du suallyont hes urfac
eoft hes tr
uctur
e.Suchwavesa red etectedanda naｭ
lyzedtoe valuatethei nte
grit
yo ft hestruc
ture
.T hisi su seda samethodofn ondes
t ruc
tive
test
ingb ecauseAEi sv erysensitiv
ea ndc andetectfailureatm ic
rocrackings同ge.
Acoustice missiont e
chnologyiss imi
lartos eismologye x
ceptAEi si nthes cal
eo fe ng
iｭ
neeringstruct
ure
s.R esearchonAEs tart
edint he1 9
30s,b uti t
sapplica
tionsbeg an~ 50 ye
ars
agoi nthea erospacea ndg eo
technicalf i
eld
s.WhenAEo c c
ursi ngeologicstructu
res,itis
ofte
nr eferr
edto ぉ micro-seismic act
ivit
yo rAE/MS.R e searchandd evelopmente汀orts conｭ
tinu
edt othisdayandAE( andAE/MS)a pplica
tionsha vee xpandedtovariousfield
s.
Acoust i
ce missioni sadynamict echni
que.AEo c curswhenac rackp ropag
a tes,or
whenc rackfacesfretagains
te acho th
er.U sual
lyt hi
so cc urswhent hestructureiss t
resse
d.
AEa ctivi
tiesrisesharplywhenl ocalstr
essappro ach
e st hecrit
ica
lf a
ilur
ep oi
nt.I nc o
ntras
t,
i
tp roduce snoi ndica
tionwhent hereareo nlyb enig nd efec
ts,s uchasv o idsa ndn onｭ
growingc ra
cks.A coustice missioni salsoag lobali nspectiontechniqu
e,a naly
z ingthe
ul仕asonic wavescomingfromaf a
ultdetectedbym ultiples ens
ors;thatis
,u nlikeultrason
ic
pulse-echot ec
hniqueo rr a
diography,i ns
pectionpathi sn otpredefine
dbya pplieds timul
us
andnov olumetrics canningisn eeded.AEc anworkw ithoutknowingd ef
ectl ocationbeｭ
forehand.A single 同st eva
luatesa nentir
es tru
ctureq uicklya ndeffect
ivelywhena d
e q
uate
sensorp lacementsc overit
;itc anp roviei
d nsit
u,c onti nuousmonitori
ng.Whenas pecif
ic
arean eedsa tt
ention
,AEc ana lsom onitorl o
cally
,f ilterin
go ute x
ternalnoise.A co u
stic
emissionisa ls
oav i
s u
alt echniquethatcanidenti命， locate anddispla
yt hefaul飴 producing
AEs i
gnalsi nalmo s
tr ealtime.T hispartowesmucht ot headvancesofs ignalp r
o cessi
ng

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