THERMODYNAMICS

AND
HEAT TRANSFER

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. MARVIN VALENTIN

SUBMITTED BY:
MILDRED M. PASIAN
 Laboratory Exercise
1.) The pressure gauge on a 3.5-m3 oxygen tank reads 400 kPa. Determine the
amount of oxygen in the tank if the temperature is 28⁰C and the atmospheric is
97 kPa.
Given:
V=2.5m3 Amount of Oxygen in a tank=?
Pgage=500kPa Sol: a.) Patm=Pabs-Pgage
T=28⁰C +273=301 K Pabs=Patm + Pgage
Patm=97 kPa Pabs= 97 kPa + 500 kPa
Pabs=597 kPa

b.) PV= mRT

PV
m= RT

(597 kPa x 2.5 m3 )

m = (0.2598 kj . kg . k x 301 k )

m=19.0857 kg
2.) A 200-L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25⁰C.Determine the reading on the
pressure gage if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.
Given:
V=400-L
m= 5 kg
Air
200 L T= 25⁰C
25 ° C
Patm=97 kPa
Assumptions: At specified conditions, air behaves as an ideal gas.
Properties: The gas constant of air is R = 0.287 kPa.m3/kg.K
Analysis: Treating air as an ideal gas, the absolute pressure in the tank is
determined from
mRT
Sol: P ¿
V
 3
m
(5 kg x 0.287 kPa . . k x 298 k )
P= kg
( 0.4 m3)
P = 1069.075 kPa
*Pressure gage =?
Pgage=P - Patm
Pgage=1067.075 kPa-97 kPa
Pgage=972.075 kPa

3.) A 1-m3 tank containing air at 25⁰C and 500 kPa is connected through a
valve to another tank containing 5 kg of air 35⁰C and 200 kPa, Now the valve is
opened, and the entire system is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium with the
surrounding, which are at 20⁰C. Determine the volume of the second tank and
the final equilibrium pressure of air.

Given:
Volume of the tank A, VA = 1 m3
Temperature of air in tank A, TA = 25⁰C + 273 = 298 K
Pressure of air in tank A, PA = 500 kPa
Mass of air in tank B, mB = 5 kg
Temperature of air in tank B, TB = 35⁰C + 273 = 308 K
Pressure of air in tank B, PB = 200 kPa
Surrounding temperature, Tsurr = 20⁰C + 273 = 293 K
Sol:
PV
a.) mtank-A=
RT
 ( 500 kPa ) (1 m3)
= KJ
( 0.2870
Kg . K ) ( 298.15 K )

=5.8432 Kg
KJ
(5 kg)(0.2870 )(308.15 K )
b.) Vtank-B= Kg. K
200 kPa
=2.211m3
c.) VTotal=Vtank-A+Vtank-B
=1 m3 +2.11m3
=3.211m3
d.) mtotal=mtank-A + mtank-B
=5.8432 kg + 5 kg
= 10.8432 kg
mRT
e.)PFinal eq.= ; Where T=Tsurr
V
KJ
(10.8432 kg)(0.2870 )(293.15 K )
= Kg . K
3.211 m3
=284.1116 kPa
4.) The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in
the tire. When the air temperature is 25⁰C, the pressure gage reads 210 kPa. If
the volume of the tire is 0.025 m3, determine the pressure rise in the tire when
the air temperature in the tire rises to 50⁰C. Also, determine the amount of air
that must be bled off to restore pressure to its original value at this
temperature. Assume the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa.
Given:
Initial air temperature, T1 =25⁰C + 273 =298 K
Initial gage pressure, Pgage = 210 kPa
3
V=0.025 m
Final temperature, T2= 50 ⁰C + 273 = 323 K
Patm = 100 kPa

Sol:
a.) Pabs1= Pgage1 + Patm1
Pabs1= 210 kPa + 100 kPa
Pabs1= 310 kPa
P 1V
m1=
RT1
3
(310 kPa x 0.025 m )
m1=
(0.287 kj . kg−k x 298 k )
m1= 0.09062 kg
mR T 2
b.) P2=
V
(0.09062 kg x 0.298 kj. kg−k x 323 k )
=
0.025 m3
P2=336.0 kPa
Pabs= Pabs2 – Pabs1
Pabs= 336 kPa – 310 kPa
Pabs= 26 kPa

c.) Thus T3= 323 K, P3=P1= 310 kPa

P3 V
m3=
R T3
3
(310 kPa x 0.025 m )
m3=
(0.287 kj . kg−k x 323 k )
m3= 0.08360 kg
mabs= m2 – m1
mabs= 0.09062 kg – 0.08360 kg
mabs= 0.007018 kg