3.

0 CASE STUDY 1:

Penang 2nd Bridge Collapse on 6th June 2013

Figure (2): Second Penang Bridge collapsed.

1.1 Chronology

This accident was happened when a 30-meter length of a section connecting the bridge

from Batu Kawan on the mainland to Batu Maung on the island which was under construction

had collapsed at around 6.50 pm on 6th June 2013 [1]. The authorities received the first reports

of the insidents at 7.15pm on the same day [1]. A few hours later, the authorities confirm that

there was a car has been buried under the rubble [2]. The number of trapped victims was still

unacertained. The authorities activated the SAR (Search and Rescue) involving 110 rescues to

find if there is any victims that still alive. At 9.30 pm, it was understood that two females in a

Perodua Myvi nearly became one of the victims but manage to escape with minor injuries. A

crane as heavy as 300 ton was used in this operation. Around 11.35 pm, a fire and

rescue department confirm that one body was sighted and 5 minutes later, police has confirmed

that three victims were injured including the 2 victims in Perodua Myvi. An operation to cut

the heavy concrete slab begins to reach the victim(s). After almost 10 hours of the incidents,
the authorities still unable to remove the trapped body. At 8.00 am on 7th June 2013, after 12

hours of the incidents, Jambatan Kedua Sdn Bhd (JKSB) who had the authority to manage the

Penang 2nd Bridge agreed to pay RM10,000 to each person who were victims of the collapse

incidents. JKSB explains that the metal supports for the bridge is believed to be the cause of

the collapse. At 9.00 pm on 7th June 2013, the body was successfully removed from the rubble

after more than 24 hours of rescue operations.

1.2 Possible Causes

Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) on the 6th July 2013 had

confirmed that there procedural and technical negligence by the contractor that had led to the

incident. Datuk Ir. Dr. Johari Basri said they have more or less completed the investigation and

identified the shortcomings related to the contractors’ negligence. The contractor of the

collapsed the Second Penang Bridge ramp in Batu maung did not register it workers with the

Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) [3]. Initial investigation revealed that some

of the workers at the construction site of Package 3A of the bridge were not registered with the

board. Based on CIDB Malaysia Act 1994, (Act 520), workers at construction sites must have

Industrial Personnel Registration Cards or ‘Green Cards’ to prove that they were registered

with the CIDB [3].

 Figure (3): Location of the construction for Second Penang Bridge.

Some early investigation by Penang DOSH Director, Mohd Anuar, his team found that

failure of the formwork support was the cause collapse of the ramp [4]. Formwork is a term for

a temporary or permanent mould in which concrete or similar materials are poured. He also

added that the formwork is supposed to be done in good engineering practices and this collapse

could also be due to design failure or maintenance failure [4]. This incident shows a sign of

weak risk management. The risk management of a project must be well managed to prevent

incidents like this. Some of worker also reported that the scaffolding was seen to be unstable

before the incident happened [5]. Furthermore, another journalist also list weather and soil

condition factor is also another cause that has led to this incident. Land filling works have

raised the height of the surroundings areas by about two to three meters while the land where

the collapse occurred is still at its earlier level. This has created a water-retention pond of about

one acre in size. Rain had turned the low ground into water retention pond as there is no

drainage to quickly remove rainwater from the area. This make the scaffolding become

unstable to carry hundred tonnes of weight. Therefore, any soil movement can cause the

scaffolding to collapse [4].

 Figure (4): Poor water drainage system at construction site.

1.3 Impact

The family of the Second Penang Bridge collapse victim plans to take legal action again

project developer Jambatan Kedua Sdn Bhd (JKSB) and contractor Cergas Murni Sdn Bhd [6].

The family of the victim said that RM10,000 initial compensation from JKSB was not justified

to cover the loss of life [6]. Cergas Murni Sdn Bhd can be charged under Section 17(1) of the

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994 [7]. Under Section 17(1) it says that ‘’It

shall be the duty of every employer and every self-employed person to conduct his undertaking

in such a manner as to ensure, so far as is practicable, that he and other persons, not being his

employees, who may be affected thereby are not thereby exposed to risks to their safety or

health.’’[8]

Meanwhile, Giga Engineering & Construction was accused of failing to ensure the safety

of its workers during the construction of the bridge at the same time and place. The collapse

also resulted in the injury of two foreign workers for which Giga Engineering & Construction

was charged under Section 15(1) of the OSHA. Under Section 15(1) it says that ‘‘It shall be

the duty of every employer and every self-employed person to ensure, so far as is practicable,

the safety, health and welfare at work of all his employees.’’[8]

 After a year of incident, Sharifah Ramli, a wife to Penang Second Bridge collapse victim,

each time she looked the second bridge, she would be reminded of the painful loss on that

fateful day and since the tragedy, she would try to avoid using the section of the road which

took the life of her husband. She said more it was too painful for her to drive past the area and

would instead use the slip road albeit a longer route to get home[9].

1.4 Conclusion

In conclusion, the incident is caused by several major causes. These causes are identified

as procedural and technical negligence by the contractor, the workers at the construction site

are not registered to CIDB, failure of the formwork support of the bridge, weakness in risk

management and poor drainage system at the construction site resulting in pools of stagnant

water that weaken the soil structure [10].

This incident also had negative consequences. Those consequence are a person was killed,

four victims were injured, JKSB, Cergas Murni Sdn Bhd and Giga Engineering & Construction

may face legal action by victim’s family and also by DOSH.

Without any doubt, safety is one important thing that we should keep in our mind wherever

we go. Lack of ability to identify the surrounding dangers can cause harm to us or others, which

eventually to fatality. Incidents do not happen without why and wherefores. The safety of the

construction place needs to be upgraded to ensure the safety of all workers and the people

surrounding the area. The governments also needs to play their in this situations. They should

monitor and investigate the companies before giving them the tender for construction. Last but

not least, the government should monitor closely the progress of the construction and ensure

all the workplace is safe and all of the workers do not expose to any danger. This is where

Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) department will play their main role, to awareness the
workers. In order to do that, full cooperation from all levels of society is desired. The loss of

life and damages in assets can be avoided from taking place if all parties follows the safety.

3.0 CASE STUDY 2

Fatal Crane Accident at Jalan Raja Chulan, Kuala Lumpur.

Figure (5): A crane crushed a car with driver in it at Jalan Raja Chulan causing death. [15]
2.1 Chronologies of how the crane crushed onto the car with the driver.

The accident happened at rush hour in evening at Jalan Raja Chulan. The victim was Chin

Khoon Sing, 24 from Penang. Accident occurred at 7.20p.m. then few minutes later, firemen

were arrived at the accident place to remove the crane hook and taking out the victim.

The victim was killed instantly due to the impact of the crane hook onto her car. The hook

that attached to the crane was believe somehow detached and then fall onto to the victim.

Before the accident, the car was at stationary in the traffic jams.

It is believed that victim was on her way home during the accident. The crane hook that

was detached weighs about 300kg. Her body was sent to Hospital Kuala Lumpur for a post-

mortem for further investigation.

2.2 Faulty on Hook Crane at the accident’s place.

The investigation on the accident has been completed by The Department of Occupational

Safety and Health (DOSH) and the caused for the incident has been determined. The case could

not be disclosed to the public yet said by the deputy director-general (Occupational Safety)

Omar Mat Piah as it would be used in court.

The factor was because of one of the safety switches of the crane might have been tampered

with, allowing the crane to move outside construction hoarding

[https://www.thesundaily.my/archive/1987487-FSARCH398017]. Actually, the crane should

not be operated outside the hoarding that lead to the crane hook fell onto public road.

After the incident happened, the driver of the crane from Indonesia fled from the scene

and the authorities were unable to locate him [17]. The company for crane operator was found
guilty for violating the rules according to the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, the

crane drivers have to be Malaysian [8]

After the accident, a stop-work order has been issued by the City Hall building control

department director, Alias Marjoh to the developer, Beijing Urban Construction Group S/B

Malaysia.

2.3 The impact from the accident.

The main contractor for the project, Beijing Urban Construction Group S/B Malaysia

(BUCG) Sdn Bhd. will be charged in court said the Department of Occupational Safety and

Health (DOSH) and the contractor is expected to be charged under Section 17 of the

Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, because the victim was a member of the public.

Under this section, the contractor are liable to fine of up to RM50000 or imprisonment for a

term not exceeding two years or both [8].

The family of Chin Khoon Sing confirmed will not pursue any legal actions against the

main contractor, Beijing Urban Construction Group S/B Malaysia (BUCG) Sdn Bhd. The

lawyer represent the victim’s family, Jason Ng Kau stated that the issues have been resolved

between the company and the family [14].

It is also confirmed that Beijing Urban Construction Group S/B Malaysia (BUCG) Sdn

Bhd has already reached out the victim’s family since the incident. The contractor also has

offered to help including financial assistance to the victim’s family to resolve the issue but

refused by the victim’s family. Khoon Ying who is victim’s brother stated that the matter has

passed and they did not want to continue to go around it since it will make them feel depressed.
CONCLUSION

This incident has been one of the tragic cases for Malaysian. Who would have known that

someone will be dead in a standstill traffics jammed. The accident should not be happened

because the victim was outside the hoarding of the construction.

This accident showed that safety precautions and regulations is vital to avoid from

accidents happened does not matter either among the workers or publics. The contractor for

the crane operator has violating the rules which the driver of the crane should be Malaysian

instead of foreigner.

Furthermore, before starting the project, some inspections on the machines and tools

should be practise frequently to check for any damages or error to avoid accidents. This case

is one of the examples where the safety limit switch, which limits the movement of crane booms

within the stipulated hoarding, had been tampered with, or it would have been stopped from

operating outside the compound.

4.0 SUSTAINABILITY.

How does health and safety issues can be related to sustainability? This can be seen from

the meaning of the sustainability itself which means a systemic concept, relating to the

continuity of economics, social institutional and environmental aspects of human society.

In order to maintain sustainability, every worker needs to be concerned about

occupational health and safety at workplace. From economics view, when there are accidents

happened, there will be economic costs either direct or indirect. Cost can accomplice with the

time lost from works, human pain and sufferings, moral breakdown and reduction in worker

efficiency and productivity.

In Malaysia, Department of Occupation Health and Safety is established to take care

workers welfare and provide workers a safe environment at workplace. When there is no

accident happened, there will be growth in economy hence sustainability can be maintain.

Figure (6): A statistics about accidents by sector happened in Malaysia. [11]

 From the statistics above, we can conclude that accidents happened the most is in

manufacturing sector. This is due to many factors that leads to accident happen. One of the

factors is due to misconduct by the worker itself at workplace or less inspection by supervisor

at the workers. From official website of Department of Occupational Health and Safety

(DOSH), there are a lot of cases recorded happened at manufacturing sector such as died due

to explosion, died caught in a machine and many more.

Even there have been a lot of standard operation implemented by Department of

Occupational Health and Safety (DOSH) to reduce accidents and diseases between workers,

there are still some workers or employers that might not obey or follow the standard operation

then lead to accident. What can we say is that this is due to lack of awareness among people at

workplace and they do not care much about their health.

5.0 HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES IN MALAYSIA.

Figure (7): Statistics of Occupational Diseases in Malaysia by Department of Occupational

Safety and Health (DOSH). [12]

Figure (7) shows a statistics of occupational diseases recorded in Malaysia until end of

September 2018. From above figure, the highest cases recorded was 1775 for Occupational

Noise Related Hearing Disorders (HD).

This case happened due to many factors and it is usually happened in manufacturing

and construction sector. One of the factors that lead to this case is because worker always

exposed to direct noise created by machinery tools. Machines that are not maintained well

usually tend to create loud noise to user compared to machines that usually maintained.

Health and safety issues has become significant in order to maintain sustainability.

Safety culture plays a vital role in deciding the organization’s success or failure. In Malaysia,
some acts and regulations are implemented so that workers and employers can avoid

unnecessary things to happen.

Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations 1989 is one of the regulations

to cater to the noise controls needs of all occupations. This guideline is hoped to be effective

in the long term to reduce incidence related to noise between workers through the application

of noise control principle.

Another cases that highly anticipated is Occupational Muscular-Skeletal Disorders

(OMSD) which 85 cases involved up until end of September 2018. This may cause when

workers keep lifting heavy materials or tools during working. This disease is a long term

diseases that sometime worker does not aware. Lack of awareness and exercise can lead to this

disease. This disease can happened in any sector if worker does not pay much attention to their

own health when he or she is working.

6.0 CHALLENGES FACED BY DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH MALAYSIA
New era brings forth new circumstances and challenges as DOSH also faces new digital era

challenges. According to Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye, NIOSH chairman, the rapid advancement of

technology in the new digital era was undoubtedly a major challenge for OSH aspects, as

employers and employees are expected to deal with new working environments. He revealed

that, in cooperation between the Ministry of Human Resources and the Ministry of Education,

more than 50 schools have already taken part in the OSH program in schools since 2015.

In preparation, Niosh also organized the' OSH for Media ' programme, which was launched

last year in cooperation with the Institute and the Ministry of Communications and Multimedia.

He said that it was an initiative to help raise media awareness of health and safety issues while

doing their job. Lee emphasized that all parties must play their part in helping Niosh and the

Ministry of Human Resources create a safe working environment in which zero accidents can

be achieved.

Figure (8): Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye

Lee also noted that at the 21st Conference and Exhibition on Occupational Safety and Health

(COSH 2018) organized by NIOSH, participants learned how state- of- the- art technology can

help protect employees more effectively. He noted that wireless technology combined with the
latest software and gadgets, such as drones and remote sensing equipment, could enable

security managers to monitor each worker and machine, apart from evaluating the real- time

condition on the ground via their laptop or smartphone.

7.0 ACHIEVEMENTS AFTER OSHA ACT HAS TAKEN PLACE.

To improve the awareness of occupational safety and health among employees, employers

and customers, the Department disseminated information and provided guidance on safety and

health law. This was to ensure that all occupational safety and health legislation was complied

with. Among the DOSH advertising and promotional activities including:

• Provide talks and explanations as well as professional safety and health training

• Organizing workplace safety and health campaigns and exhibitions

• Providing expertise in occupational safety and health to public bodies, the private

sector, employers' and employees ' associations and professional institutions

• Collection and provision of information materials for reference, lending and

dissemination on occupational safety and health

Apart from their main activities, they also conducted few activities to spread awareness of

the occupational safety and health such as acting as the secretariat and contributing to the

NCOSH and carrying out technical analysis and identifying measures to control workplace

safety and health hazards. Not only that, the department also responsible in preparing the

syllabii for evaluation and examination and conducting examinations for the certification of

qualified persons and in identifying and review safety and emergency response plans and carry

out inspections and audits of large and small hazardous facilities.

These points could be considered as their achievements as the true purpose of this

department which is to exercise safety and health at workplace and also to spread awareness

on the importance of the safety and health in workplace to all working places and working

people were succeeded. This is because the rate of accidents in workplace is declining each

passing year, which can be taken as a positive sign.

8.0 SURVEY ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

8.1 INTRODUCTION

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a major issue in the realm of work as it

provides a harmony and effective work place. The survey is conducted to get the thoughts of

people who have experience in this topic of Safety and Health. The targeted people are the

workers of different expertise in Malaysia especially in engineering as most of professional

engineering bodies point out that OSH is an issue with the upmost importance in engineering

practice. A total of 12 questions are included in this survey to get the most understanding

regarding the OSH. The survey is conducted via online and can be answered through this link:

https://goo.gl/forms/Dcd7tBD2E1HXSizE3

Thus, a gratitude to the help from a total of 30 respondents, their answers to the survey

questions have been gathered and analysed. Each of the respondent has provided the answers

needed to help us understand the OSH issue in the working realm.

 Figure (9): Respondent Answers

8.2 SURVEY ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

The respondents for the surveys have been converted into charts to ease the process of

analysis and discussion. These figures below are the responds for each of the survey questions.

General Questions:

Figure (10)

The gender showed that 18 males and 12 females answered this survey. This indicated

that in the realm of work, although there are more male workers compared to female workers,

the gap between male and female labour has become closer when it compared to the gap several

years ago where in 1995 is 38.9% while in 2017, the gap has narrowed to 24.2% [22].
 Figure (11)

The survey is conducted specifically to the interns and early employments and thus the

respondents are in the age of below 27. This is because to focus about the work place whether

they prioritise the OSH and giving guidance to their fresh employees as they should follow the

Occupational Safety And Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994).

Figure (12)

The majority of the field of occupation is engineering. This survey is also directed

specifically for the engineers as most of professional engineering bodies point out that OSH is
an issue with the upmost importance in engineering practice. This has been mentioned in Board

of Engineers Malaysia (BOM)’s code of professional conduct.

Survey Questions:

Figure (13)

86.7% (26) respondents answered YES while 13.3% (4) answered NO. This is a good

number of percentages but every work place should have countermeasures for accidents as

safety should have been the number one priority for the workers. It may be not as relatable for

the finance and business services as their work are more to engaging with people but one of

the respondents that answered NO is from engineering and that is a concern because the risks

of having accidents without the countermeasure is high. Thus, the work place needed to

implement countermeasure to satisfy the OSHA 1994.

 Figure (14)

100% (30) respondents answered YES. This question might related to personal matter

but it is a relieved that every respondent still has good conscious. Everyone must be quick to

respond to accidents so they can put in practice to avoid any unnecessary events in the future.

Figure (15)

60% (18) respondents answered YES, 36.7% (11) respondents answered SOMETIMES

and 3.3% (1) answered NO. Daily inspection is necessary if the work place having risk of
accidents especially for the engineers. The one who answered NO is in IT department and

therefore, only taking their equipment such as laptops to maintenance.

Figure (16)

Some accidents is unavoidable and the responds from the survey indicate that most of

the accident came from their own lack of awareness to surrounding. Light injuries such as

slightly burnt because of touching something hot should also not be considered as small matter

because that light injury could cause to serious injury. Despite that, still many respondents did

not answer and assumed that there are no accidents happen in their work place and it should

stay that way until their retirement. An accident-free work place is a very serious matter

according to OSHA 1994.

 Figure (17)

96.7% (29) respondents answered YES while 3.3% (1) respondent answered NO.

Health is also a serious issue in OSHA 1994 as the workers should not have been burdened

with works that could degrade a worker’s health until it affects their performance. Overwork

should not be underestimated as there are cases where people died because of overwork.

Figure (18)

93.3% (28) respondents answered YES while 6.7% (2) respondents answered NO. This

indicate that some work place have their own clinics for their workers and medical leave is

provided to the one with health issues.

 Figure (19)

100% (30) respondents answered YES. Sexual harassment itself is a crime let alone to

be happened in a work place. Numerous reports had been made about sexual harassment and

there should be none to begin with. Sexual harassment usually included someone with higher

position in the workplace and victims are normally the one who recently joined the company

and there are too afraid to report as they could be fired from their job. It will lead to

psychosocial problem among the workers as they are working with fear in a non-ethic work

place. This is a serious violation as stated in the guidelines on gender issues in OSH that is

issued by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) [23].

 Figure (20)

96.7% (29) respondents answered YES while 3.3% (1) respondent answered NO. It

might not be much of the boost but majority of the respondents can work better under a safe

work place and having a perfect health. This is why OSH is important because the greater the

performance of a worker, the greater the result can be produced.

Figure (21)

73.3% (22) respondents answered YES while 26.7% (8) respondents answered NO. As

people have entered the work realm, they are responsible to know the OSHA and the lack of
knowledge must be filled. Yet, there are still many people have never heard of OSHA and

every work place must take action to notify their workers about OSHA.

Figure (22)

83.3% (25) respondents answered AGREE, 13.3% (4) respondents answered

NEUTRAL and 3.4% (1) answered DISAGREE. Due to the lack of knowledge about OSHA,

this briefing is a must but for the one respondent that answered NO, once a month must be too

much but reminder must be done as people are easily forgettable about these things.

Figure (23)
 80% (24) respondents answered AGREE while 20% (6) respondents answered

NEUTRAL. Nobody disagree indicates that most of the workers are unaware that their

activities could be against the OSHA especially the small matter and thus, supporting the

question above to have briefing on OSHA regularly.

Figure (24)

The most important issue that many workers are unaware regarding the OSH issue and

things should have been done so every worker will have the knowledge about OSH. When

having the knowledge, workers will know their rights when involving safety and health issues.

Briefing, campaigns, law enforcements and exhibitions are the examples of providing the

unaware workers the knowledge about OSH. Therefore, an effective condition can be achieved

in a work place resulting a positive vibes between the workers in their work place.
9.0 DISCUSSION

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) highlighted the two important factors, safety

and health in workplace. Safety typically is worried about circumstances that reason damage

and manages risks that lead to extreme and sudden results. Health for the most part is worried

about circumstances that reason sickness or ailment and manages unfavourable responses to

presentation over delayed periods to risks that are typically less extreme, yet risky. OSH is

related to identify, evaluate and control hazards that are associated in a workplace. Its principles

are to reduce any occupational injuries and illness.

However, major accidents still happened in Malaysia as a result from disobeying the

Occupational Safety and Health. One of the cases is the collapse of the second Penang Bridge

on 6th June 2013. This incident resulting the death of one person and leaving another four

injured. The responsible sides, which are JKSB, Cergas Murni Sdn Bhd and Giga Engineering

& Construction will face legal action from the victim’s family and the Department of Safety

and Health (DOSH). The causes that resulting this terrible incident are identified as procedural

and technical negligence by the contractor, the workers at the construction site are not

registered to Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), failure of the formwork

support of the bridge, weakness in risk management and poor drainage system at the

construction site resulting in pools of stagnant water that weaken the soil structure.

Another major incident that happened in Malaysia is the fatal crane accident at Jalan

Raja Chulan, Kuala Lumpur. This incident resulting an instant death towards the driver, Chin

Khoon Sing, who was stuck in a traffic jam at that time. This is because of the hook that was

attached to the crane was somehow detached and fall onto the victim’s car. The Indonesian

crane operator who is responsible for the incident fled from the scene and the authorities were

unable to locate him. The company for the crane operator was found guilty for violating the
rules according to the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, the crane drivers must be

Malaysian and stop-work order has been issued by the City Hall Building control department

while the main contractor was charged in court according to DOSH. The cause for the hook to

fall was identified. One of the safety switches of the crane have been tampered, allowing the

crane to move outside the construction hoarding.

It is an obligation that safety comes first. Lack of ability to identify the surrounding

dangers can cause harm to anyone, which can lead towards death according to the fatality of

the incident. The safety of the workplace needs to be the number one priority to ensure the

safety of the workers and the surrounding people. Each and every one in the society needs to

follow the regulation that has been issued by the Department of Safety and Health (DOSH).

There are many violations towards the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) regulations.

Thus, DOSH issued the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994) and Factories

and Machinery Act 1967.

Challenges always come for DOSH as new era emerges in this country. As we entered

digital era, rapid advancement of technologies changes the working environments for the

workers. With cooperation from Ministry of Human Resources and Ministry of Education,

students has been given early exposure about OSH since 2015. Wireless technology combined

with the latest software and gadgets, such technology make it possible to monitor each workers

and machines from smartphones and laptops. Awareness of the OSH has been improved greatly

as DOSH has done advertising and promotional activities including providing expert in OSH

to public bodies, private sectors and institution.

Survey has been conducted to know whether the workers in Malaysia knew about the

OSH. While some of the respondents knew about it, they are still workers that are unaware of

this important thing and even there are someone heard about it for the first time. This is a
serious matter and need to be implemented immediately in all workplace. Enforcers of the law

need to inspect all workplace so they will follow the regulations stated in OSH. A safe and

effective workplace can be achieved when all of the workers followed the OSH regulations.
10.0 CONCLUSION

As the world advances to an increasingly practical and safe future, Malaysia has far to

go to catch up the speed of the best safe countries, for example, Japan particularly in the

countermeasure of incidents in the workplace, even against natural disaster. So as to

accomplish a feasible advancement, we need to think about the requirements of improvement

and force restrictions to the improvement so as to guarantee its manageability.

To make a workplace always in a safe surrounding, the urge is needed for everyone to

cooperate and follow the Occupational Safety and Health regulations. There should be more

than one approach as to embed this important matter into every workers. The one with higher

position or the chief in the workplace should first and foremost know the regulations so they

can tell their workers about the regulations. Annual safety briefing, posters, seminars and

campaigns are some of the approaches that can be implement in the workplace.

Government should also play their part as the one to enforce the law so every workplace

will be responsible to implement the regulations. Safety and health are very trivial and it cannot

be seen as small matter because people’s life depend on these two factors. Thus, every party

need to be responsible to follow the Occupational Safety and Health regulations to ensure a

safe workplace for the workers and the people surroundings.

11.0 REFERENCES

[1] “Chronology of the bridge collapse,” 08-Jun-2013. [Online]. Available:

http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/chronology-bridge-collapse-15885. [Accessed:

20-Dec-2018].

[2] Haider Yutim, “One confirmed dead in bridge collapse in Penang,” 07-Jun-2018. [Online].

Available: http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/one-confirmed-dead-bridge-

collapse-penang-15797. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[3] Syauqi, “Second Penang Bridge Ramp Collapse: Incident Report,” 12-Jun-2014. [Online].

Available: http://syauqisubri.blogspot.com/2014/06/second-penang-bridge-ramp-

collapse.html. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[4] “Penang Second Bridge interchange ramp collapse may be due to form work,” 07-Jun-2013.

[Online]. Available: http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/06/07/penang-second-bridge-

interchange-ramp-collapse-may-be-due-to-form-work-new/. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[5] Aizat Sharif, “Unstable scaffolding to have been the cause of collapse,” 07-Jun-2013.

[Online]. Available: http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/unstable-scaffolding-have-

been-cause-collapse-15826. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[6] Lainey, “Family Of Penang Bridge Ramp Collapse Victim To Sue,” 2013. [Online].

Available: https://hype.my/2013/14146/family-of-penang-bridge-ramp-collapse-victim-to-

sue/. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[7] “DOSH to take action against contractor over 2nd Penang bridge ramp collapse,” Property

News, 10-Jun-2013. [Online]. Available:

http://www.starproperty.my/index.php/articles/property-news/dosh-to-take-action-against-

contractor-over-2nd-penang-bridge-ramp-collapse/. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[8] “OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT 1994 ,” LAWS OF MALAYSIA ,

Feb. 1994.

[9] “Woman says she can’t use second Penang Bridge as it’s a reminder of how hubby died,”06-

Jun-2014.[Online].Available: http://www.therakyatpost.com/news/2014/06/06/woman-says-

still-cant-use-2nd-penang-bridge-reminder-hubby-died/. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[10] “Contractor of Bridge may not have registered the workers,” 13-Jun-2013. [Online].

Available: https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2013/06/13/contractor-of-bridges-ramp-

may-not-have-registered-workers/. [Accessed: 20-Dec-2018].

[11] F. B. Idris, “Occupational Accidents Statistics by Sector Until October 2018,” Website

Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia - Main. [Online]. Available:

http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/occupational-accident-statistics/by-sector. [Accessed:

23-Dec-2018].

[12] F. B. Idris, “Occupational Diseases and Poisoning Investigation Until September

2018,” Website Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia - Main. [Online].

Available: http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/occupational-diseases-and-poisoning-

statistic/2038-occupational-diseases-and-poisoning-investigation-until-september-2018.

[Accessed: 23-Dec-2018].

[13] N. B. A. Wahab, “Fatal Accident Case,” Website Department of Occupational Safety and

Health Malaysia - Main. [Online]. Available: http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/fatal-

accident-case. [Accessed: 23-Dec-2018].

[14] “Falling crane hook kills woman in Bukit Bintang (Update Oct 2016),” Doppelganger!

Beware. [Online]. Available: http://dopplegangerbeware.blogspot.com/2016/08/falling-crane-

hook-kills-woman-in-bukit.html. [Accessed: 23-Dec-2018].

[15] “Investigation on freak crane accident completed, IP sent to AG,” theSundaily. [Online].

Available: https://www.thesundaily.my/archive/1987487-FSARCH398017. [Accessed: 23-

Dec-2018].

[16] F. S. Nokman, “Fatal crane accident: Stop work order issued on construction

site,” nst.com.my, 26-Aug-2016. [Online]. Available:

https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/08/168494/fatal-crane-accident-stop-work-order-issued-

construction-site. [Accessed: 23-Dec-2018].

[17] Malay Mail, “500kg crane hook seized | Malay Mail,” What You Think | Malay Mail, 27-

Aug-2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.malaymail.com/s/1192589/500kg-crane-hook-

seized. [Accessed: 23-Dec-2018].

[18] T. S. Online, “Crane driver in fatal accident fled the scene,” Business News | The Star

Online, 27-Aug-2016. [Online]. Available:

https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2016/08/27/crane-driver-in-fatal-accident-fled-the-

scene/. [Accessed: 23-Dec-2018].

[19] ”OSH facing challenges of new digital era” Website BorneoPost Online | Borneo ,

Malaysia, Sarawak Daily News [Online] Available :

http://www.theborneopost.com/2018/10/02/osh-facing-challenges-of-new-digital-era-lee/

[20] Sharifah Manaf “Website Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia -

Promotional Activities” [Online] Available - http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/main-

services/promotional-activities
[21] Sharifah Manaf “Website Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia - Other

Activities” [Online] Available - http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/main-services/other-

activities

[22] “More women at work narrows gender gap”, 2018. [Online]. Available:

https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/10/16/more-women-at-work-narrows-gender-

gap/

[23] “Guidelines on Gender Issues in Occupational Safety and Health”, 2003. [Online].

Available:

http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/legislation/guidelines/general/601-08-guidelines-on-

gender-issues-in-occupational-safety-health-2003/file