Professional Documents
Culture Documents
August 2009
Preface
Computer aided structural analysis and design has come a long way since its advent in
the early sixties. Personal computers have become dominant and have become powerful
enough to meet almost every requirement of a typical structural design office. Structural
analysis software have become sophisticated and simplify most of the tasks associated with
structural analysis. Steel design is well supported by most structural design software while the
same cannot be said of reinforced concrete design. However, many structural engineering
software offer design of structures in both steel and reinforced concrete as per a variety of
building codes. Nowadays, most CAD software are capable of linear static, linear dynamic and
nonlinear static and nonlinear dynamic analyses.
Amongst the CAD software available, STAAD.Pro has reached a level of recognition that it
is considered the de facto standard. It has a good GUI to simplify model creation, a variety of
elements to handle most problems in civil engineering, a variety of analysis capabilities and
supports design in steel and reinforced concrete as per building codes of most major countries,
including India. It also boasts of sophisticated features such as load generation for seismic
loads, moving loads on bridges, pushover analysis and comprehensive report generation.
The intent of this training program is to introduce STAAD.Pro to a first time user of CAD
software. While one aspect is to learn to use its features, the other is to teach how beat to
model a structure so it represents the real structure it intends to represent.
This training program takes the tutorial approach, where each tutorial focuses on a
single concept and attempts to convey a holistic learning when all tutorials are completed. It is
not the intent of this training program to turn a novice into an expert. It intends to get a
beginner started on a long journey to being an expert. It therefore limits itself to its most basic
capabilities, namely, the linear static analysis.
Enough emphasis is placed on the most common tasks performed during analysis and
design, such as, creating complex models using translational repeat, circular repeat and on
operations such as selecting members and assigning them properties.
This training program on STAAD.Pro should serve as a motivation to pursue further
exploration of its capabilities and use it to its full potential.
To Convert From To By
N/mm2 kN/m2 103
kN/m3 N/mm3 Multiply with 10
N/m3 N/mm3 10
Stiffness Method
Most structural analysis programs are based on the matrix stiffness method, usually in
the form of the Finite Element Method. The matrix stiffness method can be represented in the
form of the stiffness equation, which is as follows:
=
where [K] is the stiffness matrix of the structure of size × , {x} is the vector of unknown
displacements of size × 1 and {P} is the vector of known external loads corresponding to the
unknown displacements. Here, n is the number of unknown displacements. Of course, this is
only a simplistic representation, but is sufficient for a first introduction.
The stiffness equation is first solverd for the unknown displacements {x} and from the
unknown displacements, the forces in all the members of the structure can be determined. The
stiffness matrix depends on the stiffness contribution of individual members of the structure.
The stiffness matrix and load vector are expressed in global coordinate system and the
resulting displacements obtained are therefore in global coordinate system. To find the
member end forces, which are usually in local coordinate system, the displacements at the
nodes of the member are transformed from global to local coordinate system. From the
displacements at the nodes of a member, expressed in local coordinate system, the member
forces are calculated in local coordinate system.
Typical Load Calculations
In the examples we will analyse in subsequent tutorials, we will use loads whose detailed
calculations are not shown. In this section, we will describe the steps used in arriving at those
loads. The Dead Load calculations are based on densities of materials and are assumed to be
25 kN/m3 for reinforced concrete, 20 kN/m3 for brick masonry, 78.5 kN/m3 for structural steel,
Selection Toolbar
Mode Toolbar
Mode Toolbar
Labels Toolbar
Steel Design Toolbar
File Toolbar
Print Toolbar
Print Preview Current View
Modeling mode is used while building a model of the structure to be analysed. It consists
of the following main options in the form of tabs arranged vertically to the left of the graphics
window and consists of the following: Setup, Geometry, General, Analysis/Print,
Analysis/Pri Design.
Each option in turn has sub options, arranged as a secobd level of tabs which change
depending on the option chosen in the first level.
The important tabs that we will use often are:
• General tab consisting of Property, Load, Support and Material
Materia tabs
• Analysis/Print tab consisting of Analysis and Post-Print tab, and
• Design tab consisting of Steel and Concrete tabs.
STAAD.Pro GUI in Post Processing Mode
Selecting beams
The same applies to selection of nodes, except that to select nodes in the graphical
window, you must first choose the Nodes Cursor from the Selection toolbar
oolbar.
Selection can also be done by dragging the mouse to enclose the nodes or members
mem you
want to select. Only nodes or members fully enclosed within the dragged window are selected.
Selection Mode can be changed by right clicking the mouse to bring up the context menu
and clicking on Selection Mode Drag Line (Ctrl+Shift+F3). Now you can select a member by
dragging the mouse to draw a line to intersect the member you want to select.
You will now see the new material M20 in the list of materials. To edit any material, first
click on the name of the material in the Material – Whole Structure form and highlight it and
then click on the Edit button.
button Alternatively, click on the respective item in the Materials table
and change the value and press enter. Note: Ensure that the units are correct. Material
properties for steel and reinforced concrete (as per IS:456-2000)
IS:456 2000) were discussed in Tutorial 1.
Once the material property is defined, it must be assigned to the members. In this
problem, all members are made of the same material. Hence we can click on the material that
we wish to assign in the Material – Whole Structure form (M20 in our case), choose choos the
Assign to View option and click on the Assign button. STAAD.Pro will ask for confirmation,
and when confirmed, all members visible in the view are highlighted indicating the members to
whom the material property is assigned. It will also label the members
members with the name of the
material.
In case different members are of different materials, the assignment can be done by Use
Cursor to Assign option and choose the members one by one. Alternately, after highlighting
the material to be assigned, you can choose
choose the members, choose the Assign to Selected
Beams option and press on the Assign button.
The material property assigned to a member can be changed any time. When you click on
the name of a material in the Material – Whole Structure form, all members to whom the
property is assigned are immediately highlighted. To assign a different material, first deselect
the selected members by clicking on a vacant area of the graphics window, choose the
Structural Analysis and Design using STAAD.Pro 15
Tutorial 4 –Material Properties and Section Properties
members whose material property is to be changed, choose the Assign to Selected Beams
option and press on the Assign button. Immediately, the material property label will be
changed.
Define and Assign Section Properties
Mode: Modeling General Property
Toolbar: Structure Tools Property Page
Create a Section
When in Modeling mode, click on General tab and then click on Property tab. This will
bring up the Beams table on the right side along with the Properties – Whole Structure
form. You can see that in the Beams table, Property Refn and Material columns are empty,
indicating that they have not yet been defined. The Properties – Whole Structure box
currently does not list any Sections. We will now create a section and assign it to the beams.
To create a section, click on Define button in the Properties dialog box. This brings up
the Property dialog box. In the list of shapes on the left, click on Rectangle and on the right
side enter the required values. Dimension ZD is measured parallel to the local Z axis of the
member, which is the stronger axis, and is the smaller dimension of the section with that
dimension parallel to the horizontal plane. Dimension YD is measured parallel to the local Y
axis, which is the weaker axis and is the longer side of the section with that dimension
perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
Note that section dimensions are defined in local coordinate system, which consists of
the local X-axis coinciding with the length of the member, going from the start node to the end
node. That is why it is important to note which of the ends of the beam is the start node. This is
required again when we want to interpret the nature of the member end forces after analysis is
complete. The local Y-axis is the minor axis of the section and the local Z-axis is the major axis
of the section. By default, it is assumed that the local Y-axis (the minor axis) is parallel to the
global Y-axis. If this is not the case, we must specify an additional parameter for the member,
called the Beta Angle (β β), which is defined as follows:
1. When the local X_axis is parallel to the vertical axis (usually the global Y-axis), β angle is
the angle through which the local Z-axis must be rotated about the local X-axis to bring
it parallel and in the same positive direction as the global Z-axis.
2. When the local X-axis is not parallel to the global vertical axis (usually the Y-axis), it is
the angle through which the local coordinate system has been rotated about the local
X-axis to starting from a position of having the local Z-axis parallel to the global X-Z
plane (horizontal plane) and the local Y-axis in the same positive direction as the global
vertical axis.
In our case, ZD is 0.23 mm (0.23 m) and YD is 400 mm (0.40 m). At the same time, the
Material must be chosen for the section, which must be changed to M20. Note that STAAD.Pro
allows you to do unit conversion without having to explicitly change the units by pressing the
F2 key and entering the units along with the value and STAAD.Pro will convert it to the current
units. Click on Add button to add the section to the list of available sections. Note that the
section is assigned a Ref (reference number) by which it will be referred. You can create as
many sections as required for the entire structure at once. Click on the Close button when you
have created all the sections required to define the members in the structure.
Assign Section Properties
Note that there is a question mark symbol before the names of the sections. This
indicates that the section has been defined but has not yet been assigned to any members. The
next step is to assign this property to all the members of the structure. This can be done in a
variety of ways. The best way is to Use Cursor to Assign. But when the structure has more
number of beams, other methods may prove to be faster – Assign to View after selecting a set
of members and choosing to view only the selected members (View -> View Selected Objects
Only from the Main Menu). Another option is to use Assign to Selected Beams after selecting
It may not be necessary to define all properties for all types of members and structures.
The required properties which must be specified for members in different structure types are
listed in the table below:
Section Database
STAAD.Pro has a database of standard steel sections used in many countries. Names and
properties of standard sections are available in the database and only the name of the section
need be selected and STADD.Pro will automatically assign the required section properties. This
is available in the Properties – Whole Structure dialog box by clicking on the Section
Database button.
The sections are arranged in increasing order of their AX values. Clicking on the View
Table button below the Select Beam list box shows the detailed section properties and allows
selection of multiple sections to be included into the list of sections to be used in the structure.
Some Tips
Save the structure as often as possible by pressing Ctrl+S key on the keyboard or from
the main menu File Save.
Find help on any topic by going to main menu Help Contents... or pressing F1 key on
the keyboard. Study the Technical Reference section in the help file.
Use the Rotate Toolbar to view the model from different sides, zooming in and zooming
out. You can see an isometric view to visualize in 3D.
The Enforced But tab on the Create Support dialog box allows the user to release only
selected degrees of freedom. The Fixed But tab is similar to the Enforced But tab but can also
specify additional spring stiffness at the support which is useful in representing stiffness of
foundation soil. The other options are (i) Foundation, which allows the user to choose the
type of foundation and subgrade modulus (ii) Inclined, which is allows the user to define a
roller support with rollers resting on an inclined plane not parallel to any of the global axes.
Loads and Load Combinations
Mode: Modeling General Load
Toolbar: Structure Tools Load Page
Create Primary Load Cases
In Modeling mode, Click on General tab and then on
the Load tab. This brings up the Loads page where you can
see Load Cases Details along with Definitions and Load
Envelopes. Click on the Load Cases Details and see it turn
white letters on a blue background) and then click on the
Add... button at the bottom.
This brings up the Add New : Load cases dialog box,
with Primary option selected in the list on the left (indicated
by an yellow page icon). For each Primary Load case, specify
its Number, Loading Type and Title.
Numbering is usually done sequentially starting
with 1, but user can choose any unique number instead of
sequential numbers.
Loading Type can be None, Dead, Live, Wind, Seismic
etc. It is usually left as None, but can be changed to other
types when using certain building codes such as ACI
(American Concrete Institute), AISC (American Institute of
Steel Construction, UBC (Uniform Building Code, USA) or IBC
(International Building Code).
Title is useful because it is used to identify the load in result output. Choose brief but
meaningful title for each load, such as, DL for dead load, LL for live load, WL for wind load, EQ
for earthquake load etc.
Create two Primary Load Cases, namely (i) Number: 1, Type: None, Title: DL and
(ii) Number: 2, Type: None, Title: LL. Click on Close button to close the Add New : Load cases
dialog box. Now you will see the two Primary Load cases in the Loads page.
Create Load Items for Primary Load cases
Click on the DL Primary load case and click on Add button. This brings up the Add
New - Load Items dialog box. On the left, you will see a list of load items that can be added. At
this point of time, it is necessary to think only of the types of loads that are to be applied on the
structure without worrying about the members on whom they are applied, this assignment will
Note the question mark in yellow colour to the left of the newly added PRINT MEMBER
FORCES command in the Post Analysis Print – Whole Structure page. The question mark
indicates that the print command is not yet assigned to any member. To get the results printed
for all members, click on the PRINT MEMBER FORCES command to select it, then choose the
Assign to View option and click on the Assign button. After the assignment, the yellow
question mark disappears.
Analyse the Structure
Main Menu: Analyze Run Analysis (Keyboard shortcut Ctrl+F5)
From the main menu, choose Analyze, then choose
STAAD Analysis option and then click on Run Analysis
button. This will start the analysis of the structure and shows
the progress, errors and warnings. If there are errors, they
must be debugged and remove before analysis can be
performed. Warnings are usually not critical and analysis will
be performed, but it is important to study the warning
Structural Analysis and Design using STAAD.Pro 23
Tutorial 6 – Analysis and Post-processing
messages to ensure that they are not critical. Additional information about time taken and
name of output file are also displayed. Click on the Close button to go back to STAAD.GUI. You
can choose the View Output File option before the clicking the Close button to directly open
the results output file.
Similarly, bending moments are positive when they follow the right hand rule. Thus, a
positive value for the bending moment about major axis Mz1 at the near end indicates hogging
while a negative value indicates sagging. Similarly, a positive value for the bending moment
about the major axis Mz2 at the far end indicates sagging while a negative value indicates
hogging. According to the right hand rule, if you hold any axis with your right hand with the
thumb pointing in the positive direction of that axis, the positive direction for the moments is
indicated by the remaining fingers of the right hand (it is the direction in which a right handed
screw advances when turned clockwise).
From the main menu, choose File Merge Model with STAAD.Pro model and confirm
Yes. Before merging the model created by the Structure wizard with the existing model in
STAAD.Pro (if any), you can specify the coordinates of the point at which the origin of the
model must be placed or alternately, you can specify a distance by which the model must be
moved based on the distance between any two nodes that you can choose in the existing
STAAD.Pro model. Usually, it is best to specify the coordinates of the point where the origin of
the created model must be inserted. Let us choose the point (0, 0, 0), which is the origin of the
STAAD.Pro model. Save the model as ex03 in the workshop folder.
Linear Grids
We have already used linear grid in Tutorial 3. The gridlines are parallel to two specified
directions (X-y< X-Z or Y-Z directions) and have a constant distance between the gridlines,
which may be different along the two directions. It is possible to choose the origin of the grid
and the skewness of the gridlines. This can be used when the distances between the nodes is a
multiple of the grid interval. If the distances are such that it is difficult to find the grid interval,
Radial Grids
Radial grid consists of radial lines and tangential lines. The start angle and sweep angle
can be specified. The start radius and end radius can be specified. The number of bays in the
radial direction and number of bays (sectors) of the central angle can be specified. The radial
Let there be 4 bays along the Z-axis with an equal spacing of 4 m, except for the second
bay, which is 3.5 m. Select all the members by dragging a window to enclose all the members
and then click on the Translational Repeat icon on the Generate toolbar. On the 3D Repeat
Create a new STAAD model with the following parameters: Filename: ex05 in the folder:
workshop, Type of Structure: Truss, Units: Millimeters and Newton. In the next dialog box,
select Add Beam option and click on Finish button. The span is 7600 mm and therefore half
the span is 3800 mm. Height to the bottom chord at the ridge is 1800 mm. Thus the length of
Irregular grid along X-Y axes Split the bottom chord into six equal parts
Translational repeat for one step Delete two members at top right
Circulr repeat by 25.3769 deg about origin Rotated and original members
Circular repeat once about node 17 Member after rotation by 180 deg
Generate Mirror
Step 7 in the above example could have also been done by Generate Mirror command.
The procedure to create groups is to first select the members to be included into a group,
then create the group using the main menu Tools Create New Group option. For each group,
1. DL Primary Load Case. Dead load consisting of the following load items:
1. Self weight of beams and columns.
2. Floor Load: Dead load on floor and roof slabs, distributed to
the adjoining beams. Dead load intensity is 6 kN/m2.
3. Wall load on external beams of all storeys except the roof
beams. UDL is 14 kN/m (0.23x1x3.0x20 = 13.8 kN/m. Note
height taken as 3 m instead of 3.2 m).
4. Wall load on external beams of roof. UDL is 3.7 kN/m
(0.23x1x0.8x20 = 3.68 kN/m. Note height taken as 0.8 m).
Note that dead and live loads on the balcony have not been listed above. We will
apply loads on the balcony later in this tutorial.
Create Load Cases
We have not described how the dead and live load on the balcony is transferred to the
adjoining beams. Execute the following steps.
• Change the current units to Metres and kilo Newtons if necessary.
• Create the Load Cases by clicking on Load Cases Details in the Load dialog box and
then clicking on Add button. All the three load cases, two primary and one load
combination can be defined together.
• Create load items for the 1 DL primary load case. Click on 1 DL load case and click on
Add button.
Create Load Items for DL Load Case
• Add New – Load Items dialog box Self Weight Direction: Y, Factor: -1 Add
• Add New – Load Items dialog box Floor Load YRANGE, Pressure: –6, Direction:
Global Y, Range: Define Y Range Minimum: 5 m Maximum: 5 m Add
• Add New – Load Items dialog box Floor Load YRANGE, Pressure: -6, Direction:
Global Y, Range: Define Y Range Minimum: 8.2 m Maximum: 8.2 m Add
• Add New – Load Items dialog box Member Load Uniform Force, Pressure:
-3.7 kN/m, Direction: Global Y, Range: Define Y Range Minimum: 11.4 m Maximum:
11.4 m Add
• Add New – Load Items dialog box Member Load Uniform Force, Force
W1: -14 kN/m, Direction: GY, d1, d2, d3: 0 Add
• Add New – Load Items dialog box Member Load Uniform Force, Force
W1: -3.7 kN/m, Direction: GY, d1, d2, d3: 0 Add
Assign Wall Loads to Beams
The UNI GY load items must now be assigned to the beams. Click on the first UNI GY
-14 kN/m load item and select the external beams of the Ground and First floor. This can be
made a little easier with the following steps:
• Select the groups G2 _SEC_BM and G3 MAIN_BM and turning off other members. Main
menu Select By Group Name... G2 and G3 Close.
• Hide all beams except beams. Main menu View View Only Selected Objects.
• Click on a vacant area to deselect beams. Select all beams of a particular floor / roof
using Select By Range XZ Y Minimum (5 m, 8.2 m and 11.4 m for ground floor
slab, first floor slab and roof slab respectively) and Y Maximum (5 m, 8.2 m and 11.4 m
for ground floor slab, first floor slab and roof slab respectively).
• Use View View Only Selected Objects twice so that only beams of one floor/roof are
visible. Click on a vacant area and select only the external beams.
• Assign loads using Assign to Selected Beams.
10 m
Modelling
Let us complete the two columns by going into the
Snap Node/Beam linear grid.
• Click on the View From +Z icon on the View
toolbar.
• Click on Snap Node/Beam icon on the Geometry
toolbar.
• Customize the grid with the following parameters:
Grid Origin: (0, 0, 0), Construction Lines: X – Left 0, Right
1, Spacing 10 m, Y – Left 0, Right 1, Spacing 5m.
• Click on Snap Node/Beam button and draw the
column on the left from (0, 0) to (0, 5) and press Esc button on the keyboard.
• Click on Snap Node/Beam button and draw the column on the right from (10, 0) to
(10, 5) and press Esc button on the keyboard.
Define Supports
• Click on Support Page icon on the Structure Tools toolbar.
• Create a new support type: Click on Create button Fixed tab Add. This creates a
new support type S2 Support 2, which is fixed.
• Click on S2 Support 2 Use Cursor to Assign radio button Assign button Click on
bottom of left column Click on bottom of right column Click Assigning pressed
button Click on Close button.
Materials
We need two materials in this structure, steel for the truss and concrete for the columns.
The properties are as follows:
Material Label E Poisson’s Ratio Density
Steel ST250 2x105 N/mm2 0.2 78.5x10-6 N/mm3
2x108 kN/m2 78.5 kN/m3
Concrete M20 22360 N/mm2 0.2 25x10-6 N/mm3
2.236x107 kN/m2 25 kN/m3
• Take note of the current units and change the units if needed.
• Modeling tab General Material.
• Create ST250 with above properties OK. Take care about the units.
• Create M20 with above properties OK. Take care about the units.
Generated Report
Supports
Click on Support Page
icon on Structure Tools
toolbar. Create a new support
of type Fixed. Assign
S2 Support 2 to all the support
nodes at the bottom of the
columns.
Material
Click on Modeling
General tab Material tab.
Create a new material with the
name M20 having the
properties of M20 concrete as
per IS:456-2000, namely, E = 22360 N/mm2, Poisson’s ratio = 0.2 and density = 25 kN/m2.
Section Properties
Create four types of sections, two rectangular
sections and one circular section, as given in the
previous page. All sections are made of the same
material, namely, M20. Assign the sections to the
appropriate beams. Selection of the beams for assigning
section properties can be made easier by selecting
beams parallel to the global coordinate axes.
Beta Angle
Click Symbols and Labels icon on the Structure
toolbar and in the Structure tab 3D Sections choose
Sections Outline. This displays the orientation of the
beams.
By default, β angle is zero, and therefore for a
column (a member whose local X-axis is parallel to the
global Y-axis) the angle between the local Z-axis and
global Z-axis is zero (that is, they are parallel to each other). This makes the smaller dimension
parallel to the global Z-axis. But except for two columns along the centreline parallel to Z-axis,
others have their smaller dimension parallel to the global X-axis. Thus, for all columns with
smaller side parallel to the global X-axis, the β angle must be set to 90°.
To do this, select all columns, both above and below the plinth level, whose β angle is to
be changed to 90° and from the main menu choose Commands Geometric Constants Beta
Angle..., and in the dialog box that pops up, set the β angle to 90°. Verify from the 3D Sections
view that the columns are oriented correctly, by viewing from different directions. Then turn
off 3D Sections Outline in the Symbols and Labels icon on the Structure toolbar.
Loads
Dead Load consists of the self weight of beams and columns, self weight of the slab and
all the permanent loads on the slab, such as flooring, partition walls etc. For a slab with
125 mm thickness, the dead load is self weight of slab (1x1x0.125x25 = 3.125 kN/m2) + floor
finish (1 kN/m2) + weight of partition walls (1 kN/m2) = 5.125 kN/m2 ≈ 5.5 kN/m2. Live load
on a roof with access provided is 1.5 kN/m2. The load cases are therefore as follows:
1.5 m
The steel grid is
supported at four corners of
the bottom grid by pin
supports.
Self weight of the grid
system must be included in the
1.5 m
analysis. In addition, the nodes
of the top grid are subjected to
downward point loads due to
combined effect of dead and
live loads. The corner nodes
carry a load of 2.5 kN, the
1.5 m
4m
Let us quickly model this
30 kN/m structure as usual, initially ignoring
the hinge at the right end of the
ground floor beam.
Model the above structure using the Structure Wizard and add the fixed supports. Define
M20 concrete and the following section properties as 230x500 mm for columns (longer side
parallel to the 10 m span) and 230x450 for all beams. Take care to check the β angle of the
beams. Take slab thickness as 150 mm.
Take dead load of floor as 6 kN/m2 and of roof as 5 kN/m2. Take wall load of 15 kN/m for
beams of the ground floor and 4 kN/m for roof beams. Take live load on floor as 2 kN/m2 and
on roof as 1.5 kN/m2.
For earthquake analysis, assume that the structure is located in Zone III (Z = 0.16). The
frame is to be detailed as per requirements of IS:456-2000 and therefore will be classified as
an Ordinary Moment Resisting Frame (R = 3 for OMRF). Let the structure have an importance
factor of 1. Let the foundation strata be hard soil. Damping ratio for concrete structures is
taken to be 5% of critical damping. In this analysis we will be considering the mass of the infill
walls but not their stiffness. Hence the fundamental natural period of the structure is to be
calculated as = 0.075ℎ.
, where h is the height of the building in metres. Thus the natural
period of the building is = 0.075 × 8.5.
= 0.37 seconds = 2.5.
Estimate the seismic weight of the floors by considering full dead load of the floor and
half the storey above and below the floor/roof and 25% of the live load on the floor/roof. Live
load on the roof must not be included in the seismic weight. This is the requirement of
IS:1893 (Part 1)-2002. The seismic weight of the floors in kN are therefore as follows:
Storey Slab Beams Columns Wall Live Load Total
Roof 450.00 165.00 40.00 165.00 0.00 820.00
Ground Floor 450.00 165.00 100.0 650.00 60.00 1425.00
• Add load items to the seismic load definition as Joint Weights of 820 kN (meant for
roof) and 1425 kN (meant for ground floor). Assign them to the nodes of the respective
levels.
• Under Load Cases Details, define a new primary load case of type Seismic with name
EQ X
• To the primary load case add a load item of type Seismic Loads Factor & Direction.
Define Direction as X and Factor as 1, indicating that the full earthquake load must be
applied along the positive X-axis direction.
Add a Perform Analysis command and print member forces and support reactions in
Post-Print. Run analysis and study the results.