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DESIGN OF CLASS A SINGLE LANE ROAD BRIDGE AT 11.

675 KM of WAB CANAL


DESIGN OF SUPERSTRUCTURE

Canal Details at Structure Chainage: 11.675 Km


Variable Unit Value
Discharge cumec 66.681
Velocity m/s 0.901
FSL m 143.519
BL m 141.146
BW m 30.000 10.769 10.769 10.769
FSD m 2.373
FB upto FSL m 0.750
FB above FSL m 0.150 30.000 m
SS upto FSL - 1 in 1 34.746 m
SS bank - 1.5 in 1
Width of Water m 34.746
Surface at FSL
Width of Pier m 1.22
No. of Piers 2
No. of Vents 3
Intermediate
m 10.769
Dist.between Piers
FB below bottom
m 0.900
of Long. Girder
Necessary Informations of Bridge

Thickness of Pier [As per Cl. 710.8.5, IRC:78-2014] = 1.220 m


5.100
Thickness of Abutment [As per Cl. 710.8.5, IRC:78-2014] = 1.220 m
Thickness of Return Wall = 0.300 m 4.25
Expansion Gap = 0.020 m
Clear Span(Intermidiate Vent) = 10.769 m

1.25
Clear Span(End Vent) = 10.769 m

2.350
Considered Bearing Plate

1.1
Bearign Plate dimension Across T-Girder = 0.450 m
Bearign Plate dimension Along T-Girder = 0.400 m 1 3.100 1
Overhang of Girder beyond Bearing Plate = 0.100 m
C/C Dist between Of Bearings along T-Girder(End Vent) = 11.669 m
C/C dist bet. Of Bearings along T-Girder(Intermidiate vent), = 11.369 m
C/C dist bet. Of Bearings across T-Girder = 3.100 m
Width of Long Girder = 0.450 m
Clear distance between Girder = 2.650 m
Outer/Outer Distance of Cross Section = 5.100 m
Scour Depth Calculation for determining the depth of foundation from Canal Bed Level [As per Cl. 110.1.3, IRC:5-1998]
Discharge Q = 2353 cusecs
Overall Waterway W = 34.746 m
Number of Pier n = 2
Thickness of pier t = 1.220 m [As per Cl. 710.8.5, IRC:78-2014]
Clear Waterway w=W-(n*t) = 32.306 m
Discharge per unit width q=Q/w = 2.064 cumec/m
Silt factor (for Medium Silt Soil) f = 0.85 [As per Cl. 110.1.3, IRC:5-1998]
Normal Scour Depth from water level Dm = 2.293 m [As per Cl. 110.1.3, IRC:5-1998]
Full Supply Depth FSD = 2.373 m
Scour Depth from Bed Level = -0.080 m
Foundation Level (Top of Pile Cap ) = 140.696 m The Top of Pile Cap or the Bottom of Pier Kept 0.45 M below Bed

Fixation of T-Girder level

Overall Depth of the T-Girder = 1.100 m


Clear cover to the reinforcement of T-Girder = 0.040 m
Diameter of the main reinforcement of T-Girder = 0.028 m
Thickness of the cement concrete wearing coat = 0.075 m
[As per MORTH Standard]
Minimum Vertical Clearance btn FSL and T-Girder bottom = 0.900 m
[As per Table 12.1 of IRC-SP 13-2004]
Assume that the Existing Road level = RL at top of the bank.
RL at top of the bank = FSL+FB1+FB2 = = 144.419 m
RL of Bottom of the T Girder = 144.419 m
RL at the Top of T-Girder = = 145.519 m

DESIGN FOR DECK SLAB


LOAD CALCULATION
1. Considered Overall Depth of Deck Slab = 225 mm
2. Cantilever Slab at Support = 425 mm
2.Self Weight of Wearing Coat
Weight of Deck Slab = 0.563 t/sqm
Thickness of Wearing coat = 75 mm
Load Intensity = 0.165 t/sqm
Dead Load /M = 0.728 t/sqm
Live Load analysis
5.7 5.7
1.8m

3.1 m

As per Cl. 22.2 (b) (1) of IS 456 : 2000 the efeective Span of the Slab = Clear Span
Clear span = 2.650 m
Dispersion along span
x= 0.650 m
L'/L = 3.667 Hence K = 2.6

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 1 UPID


Dispersion of the Load across the span = 1.68 m
Dispersion of the Load along the span = 1.1 m < 1.8 m m hence no overlap.
Actual width of dispersion along span 0.975 m
1.80
3.489 T/sqm each side

0.975 m
0.20
2.65 m
Impact Factor 4.5/(6+L) = 0.259 b
= w
DLBM = = 0.639 t-m/m s s
Fixed End Moments WS/12L*(3L^2-3(b+S)^2 - S^2) L

1.225
L = 2.65 0.225
S = 0.975

0.225
b = 0.7
W = 3.402
FEM = 1.220
LLBM = 0.438 Tm/m
DLBM = = 0.511 Tm/m 80% considering fixity
LLBM including Impact = 0.552 tm/m
LL @ 500 Kg /sqm in rest part of deck beyond 2.3 m as per 204.3 of IRC 6 : 2014
500 kg/sqm

0.175 0.175

2.3
( But in above Condition it is not coming into the picture )
DESIGN OF DECK SLAB-at Central Span
Moment along Shorter Direction due to Dead Load = 0.511 T-m
Moment along Shorter Direction due to Live Load = 0.438 T-m
Impact Factor = 0.259
Moment along Shorter Direction,M = 1.062 T-m
Grade of Concrete = M35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe-500
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Diameter of Reinforcement = 16 mm
scbc = 11.670 N/mm2
sst = 240 N/mm2
Modulur ratio,m=280/3scbc = 8.00
K = scbc/(scbc+sst/m) = 0.280
J,lever arm factor = 0.907
R,resisting Moment Factor = 1.481 N/mm2
Effective Depth required = 84.691 mm
Over all Depth required = 132.691 mm
Effective Depth calculated = 177 mm
Calculation of Reinforcement(Primary Bar)
Area of Steel Required,M/(j x d x sst) = 275.860 mm2
Spacing Required of 16 Tor Dia = 728.854 mm C/C
16mm Tor Spacing Provided = 200 mm C/C
Steel Provided = 1004.800 sqmm
Percentage of steel provided = 0.568
Calculation of Reinforcement(Secondary bar)
Diameter of Reinforcement(Secondary) = 12 mm
Moment along Longer Direction according to clause 305.19-IRC-21 = 0.234 T-m
Area of Steel Required,M/(j x d x sst) = 60.653 mm2
Spacing Required of 12 Tor Dia = 1865 mm C/C
12mm Tor Spacing Provided = 250 mm C/C

Design of Deck Slab at Cantilever Portion


= 0.2m
Weight of Railing and Kerb per Meter = 0.739 t/m 1m
Weight of Deck Slab
a) Triangular Part = 0.194 t/m
b) Rect. Part = 0.436 t/m 0.075m
Wearing course = 0.053 t/m m W.C.
DL Moment due to Rail and Kerb = 0.425 0.225
0.225
DL SF from Parapet and railing = 0.739 0.225m
0.425
Dead LoadShear Force = 1.421
DLBM = 0.653 tm/m 0.775
X = 0.325 m 1m
0.2 m
width of dispersion 1.2X +W 0.64m
across span = 5.7t 0.45
Along span = 1.1m 1m
Distributed load = 8 t/sqm 0.075 m W.C.
0.50m
0.225
Live load acting at cantilever Support = 4.656t/m
0.225
LL with 500 kg.sqm LL = 288 kg 0.225 0.425
Hence vehicular Load is predominant 0.775m
LL BM 1.338tm/m
LLBM with Impact = 1.685tm/m 1m
Total Moment = 2.338tm/m
0.45
Moment along Shorter Direction both DL and LL = 2.338 T-m/m
Overall Depth provided = 425 mm
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Diameter of Reinforcement = 16 mm
Effective Depth = 377 mm
Grade of Concrete = M35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe-500
Clear Cover = 40 mm
Diameter of Reinforcement = 16 mm

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 2 UPID


scbc = 11.670 N/mm2
sst = 240 N/mm2
Modulur ratio,m=280/3scbc = 8
K = scbc/(scbc+sst/m) = 0.280
J,lever arm factor = 0.907
R,resisting Moment Factor = 1.481 N/mm2
Effective depth required = 125.642 mm
effective depth provided = 377 hence O.K.
Reinforcement requrid = = 285.045 sqmm/m
16 mm Rod = 200 mm C/C
12 mm Rod = 200 mmc/c
Steel Provided = = 1570 sqmm/m
Percentage of steel = = 0.416
Check For Shear
Shear Force due to Dead Load = 1.421
Shear Force due to Live Load = 4.656 t/m
Total Shear = = 6.077 t/m Fe-500
Shear Stress = = 0.161 N/sqmm
permissible shear stress = 0.294 N/sqmm hence O.K.
( Table 23 of IS 456 )

DESIGN OF GIRDER
Over all Depth of Girder provided = 1.100 m
Clear Cover = 0.040 m
Centroid Dist. of Reinforcement Layer from Bottom of Web = 0.115 m
( considering 25 mm rod and spacer
Effective Depth of the T-girder = 0.986 m (1.1-0.1145)

225 mm

1.10 m

450 mm

Effective span of the Girder will be least of the following:


Clear span + Effective Depth of girder (+0.9855) = 11.754 m Reference Clause 305.4.2-IRC:21
Bearing to Bearing Distance along Girder = 11.669 m
Hence the Effective Length of the Girder, Le = 11.669 m
Calculation For Dead Load Bending Moment and S.F.
Sectional area of the Deck and Girder .
Railing = 0.2 sqm
Kerb = 0.045
Cantilever Slab = 0.252
Slab = 0.298
Haunch = 0.000
Girder = 0.495
Total = 1.290
Weight = 3.225 t/m
Weight from W.C. = 0.367 t/m
Dead Load Carried by the Girder per M = 3.592 t.m
DL BM = 61.132 t-m
DLSF = 20.956 t
LIVE LOAD ANALYSIS
Class A Single Lane Train of Vehicles that can be accomodated
11.40t
2.70 2.70 t 11.40t 6.80 t 6.80 t 6.80 t 6.8 t
1.1m 3.20 m 1.20m 4.30 m 3.0m 3.0 m 3.0 m

11.669 m
Since the span is 11.669 m effective and since the absolutely maximum BM occurs near the center of the Girder we find that the loads 2.7t,2.7t, 11.4t, 11.4t and 6.8 t alone will be on the
Reaction Factor
W = half of axle load 1.80 m
W W
Ra = W+W*1.3/1.8
3.1/1.8 W =1.722W
Rb = 0.278W
A B
3.10m
Hence actual loads on Girder A = 2.3247 t from 2.7 t
9.8154 t from 11.4 t
5.8548 t from 6.8 t
CG of the actual load system and RHS heavier Load are arranged equidistant to causes maximum moment in the Girder
below the maximum load on the right. - one consideration
To find the CG of the above five loads x from 5.855 t load
2.325 t 2.325 9.816 9.816 5.855

1.1 3.2 1.2


4.3 m
X= 4.619 m from 5.855 t load.
The Center of the girder is equisdistant from the RHS heavier load and the CG of the load system.
Distance between the heavier load on RHS from CG = 0.319 m
The Heavier load 9,816T on RHS shall be away from center of girder on RHS = 0.160 m

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 3 UPID


2.325 2.325 0.16 m
9.816 t 9.816 t 5.855 t

1.10 m 3.20 m 4.30 m


center of girder
A 0.49 m 1.2 m 1.37 B
11.669 m

Rb = 14.659 t
Ra = 15.478 t
LLBM = 57.943 tm
CASE -1
CASE - II
Placing the center of Two Heavier Loads equidistant from center of Girder.

2.33 t 9.816 t 9.816 t 5.855 t


2.325 3.2 m 1.2 m 4.3 m
0.934
0.934 m
center of Girder B
A 11.669 m

Rb = 15.794 t
Moment at point below the heaviest load on RHS = = 57.493 t-m
Hence Case -I Prevails.
Impact Factor = = 0.255
Hence LLBM = = 72.700 tm
Live Load Shear Force

9.816 t 9.816 t 5.855 t 5.855 t 5.855 t


1.2 m 4.3m 3.0m 3. m
0.169m

A 11.669 B

Ra = 23.392 t
Considering I.F. the LL SF = 29.350 t
Total Bending Moment = 133.832 T-m
Total Shear Force = 50.306 T
Design of L-Beam
Basic Input
Grade of Concrete = M35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe500
Clear cover = 40 mm Ref Cl 304.3.1-IRC-21:2000
Design parameter
2
scbc = 11.670 N/mm Ref IRC 21:2000,Table 9
2
sst = 240 N/mm Ref IRC 21:2000,Table 10
Modulur ratio,m=280/3scbc = 8
K,scbc/(scbc+sst/m) = 0.280
Balanced Depth = 0.276 m
SECTION PROPERTIES
Over All Depth of Girder,D = 1.100 m
Length of Girder,Leff = 11.669 m
Thickness of Deck Slab,Df = 0.225 m
Width of Web,bw = 0.450 m
Depth of Web,Dw = 0.875 m
Width of Flange;Leff/10+bw = 1.617 m
C/C distance of Girder = 3.100 m
beff = 1.617 m
Effective Depth,deff = 986 mm
Reinforcent Provided in Web(Tension layer)
Reinforcent in 1st layer,tgr1 5 nos 25 mm Dia Tor = 2454 mm2
Reinforcent in 2nd layer,tgr2 5 nos 25 mm Dia Tor = 2454 mm2
Reinforcent in 3rd layer,tgr3 5 nos 25 mm Dia Tor = 2454 mm2
Total area of reinforcement = 7363 mm2
Reinforcent Provided in Flange(Compression layer)
2
Reinforcement in Top layer,tgr4 5 nos 20 mm Dia Tor = 1571 mm beff
Distance from Top compression Flange to Neutral Axis assumed "n"
ds
Case-1: Neutral Axis is assumed within Flange NA within flange
Taking Moments of the areas about the Neutral Axis n
NA below flange
beff .n2/2 +(1.5m-1)Asc.(n-40) = mAst.(d-n)
d
beff = 1617 mm
m = 8
Asc = 1571 mm2
bw
Ast = 7363 mm2
deff =d = 986 mm
ds = 225 mm
bw = 450 mm
say n = 226.450 mm
LHS = 44676761
RHS = 44698965
Equating we get the value of Neutral axis,n = 226.500 mm > 225 mm

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 4 UPID


Trial For Case-II,Wherein Neutral axis below Flange
beff .ds.(n-ds/2)+bw.(n-ds)^2/2+(1.5m-1)Asc.(n-40) = m . Ast . (d-n)
n = 226.500
Equating we get the value of Neutral axis,n = 226.500 < than 275.940
Calculated NA is less than Critical NA hence the Section is Under Reinforced.
Calculated NA is less than Critical NA hence the Section is Under Reinforced.
Hence, mm the critical NA
Tensile Stress at Steel (t) = 240.00 N/mm2
Comp. stress at top fiber of Concrete
2
c = 8.955 N/mm
2
c' = 6.405 N/mm
2
c" = 0.059 N/mm

scbc c
64.5 mm c'
226.5 mm 225mm
c"
985.5 mm
759.0 mm

sst/m
2
Average stress acting on the Concrete in Deck Slab = (c+c')/2 = 4.507 N/mm
CG of the Trapezoidal Section x = ds/2 - ds2/6(2n - ds) X
Here, Line of CG
n = 226.5 mm n ds
ds = 225 mm NA
Hence CG lies at X from the Top line = 75.493 mm
Moment of Resistance of the Balanced Section of T- Beam in Flange Part = 149.214 t-m
Moment of Resistance of the L Beam in Web part = 0.000 Negligible
Moment vof Resistance Imparts by the Compression Steel = (m-1).Ac. Lever Arm
Ac = 1571 mm2
Lever Arm = 921 mm
Moment of Resistance Imparts by the Compression Steel M2 = 6.484 tm
Hence Total Moment of Resistance = = 155.698 tm > > 133.832 tm, hence O.K.
Tensile Steel
2
Ast 1 = 6309 mm
Ast 2 = 293 mm2
Ast = 6602 mm2
Area Provided = 7363 mm2 O.K.
CHECK for SHEAR FORCE
SF = 50.306 t
Shear Stress = 1.134 N/mm2
Percentage of Tensile Steel = 1.660 %
Permissible stress = 0.510 N/mm2
Additional Shear Reinforcement shall be necessary.
Shear reinforcement shall carry a shear equal to Vs
Vs -= SF - permissible shear stress * bd = 27.689 t
Providing 12 mm dia 4 legged Vertical Stirrups,
Vs = Sst *Asv*d / Sv Asv = Total Cross sectional area in vertcal stirrups
Sv = Spacing of the Stirrups
Sst = Permissible tensile stress in steel
Sv = = 386.237 mm
Spacing Provided 200 C/C
Hence 4 legged 12 mm dia rod 200 C/C to 300 C/C

CROSS GIRDER
1.80

A 3.10 B
Assumed
D = 400 mm
B = 300 mm
Clear cover = 40 mm
Dia of Main rod = 16 mm
Stirrups = 8 mm
effective Depth = 344 mm
Scbc = 11.670 N/mm2
Sst = 240 N/mm2
m = 8
k = 0.280 mm
kd = 96.320 mm
j = 0.907 mm
R = 1.481 N/mm2
Dead Load = 0.3 t/m
DLBM = 0.360 t-m
DLSF = 0.465 t
Live Load Analysis
Wheels of the heaviest loads 11.4 /2 t are kept on it.
Ra = 5.7 t
LL Mumax = 3.705 tm
LLmax including Impact = 4.665 t-m
LL SF including impact = 7.177 t
Total Moment = 5.025 t -m
Total SF = 7.642 t
Though it will behave as an L beam and more strength than a Rectangular Beam
but we check its efficiency as a Rectangular Beam.
Required effective depth = 336.277
Overall Depth required = 392.277 < than 400 mm , O.K.
Effective depth provided = 344 mm > than 336.277 mm , O.K.
2
Requirement of Steel for Tension = 671.342 mm
Provide 4 nos 16 mmØ T rod both Top and Bottom.

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 5 UPID


2
Steel provided = 803.840 mm > than 671.342 O.K.
% of Steel Provided = 0.779
Shear Stress developed = 0.740 N/mm2
Permissible Shear stress = 0.370 N/mm2
( IRC 21 : 2000 Table 12B ) =
Residual Shear Force Vs = 3.823 t
Shear Reinforcement to provide Aw
2
Aw Vs*s/(Sst*d) = 92.621 mm
Providing 2 legged 8 mm dia rod at 200 C/C Area of steel = 100.480 < than 92.62 O.K.
Suggested 8 mm dia rod at 150 to 200 C/C

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 6 UPID


DESIGN OF PIER for Bridge at 11.675 Km of WAB I
DESIGN OF SUBSTRUCTURE
Canal Bed Level = 141.146 m
FSL = 143.519 m
Bearing Thickness = 0.024 m
Bearign Plate dimension Along T-Girder = 400 mm
Bearign Plate dimension Across T-Girder = 450 mm
Free Board = 0.900 m
Level of Top of Pier = 144.395 m
Depth of Pile Cap Top of Pier from Canal Bed = 450 mm
RL of Top of Pile Cap = 140.696 m
Height of Pier = 3699 mm
Thickness of Pier = 1220 mm
Width of Pier beneath Super Structure = = 3550 mm
Extension of Pier straight, beyond Super Structure = 300 mm
Extension of Pier SemiCirculur beyond Super Structure = 610 mm
Width of Pier extended beyond Super Structure = 910 mm
Total Length of Pier = 5370 mm

20 0.61

610
0.3
0.45m
100
300 450
T-Girder
3.55m
T-Girder

Plate Bearing
400

4150
Pier T-Girder

0.3
0.61
300 450
Detail of Pier with Support Details in ELEVATION
1.22m

610
Top of Pier 144.395
Top of Pier 144.395 Canal Flow
FSL 143.519
FSL 143.519m

1.22
2210

3699

X
141.146
CBL
CBL 141.146m
750
Top of Pile Cap 140.696 m
450

1220
Bridge

5.10

Top of Pile Cap 140.696 Y Y

Pier in ELEVATION Top View of Slab Arrangement

Load Analysis
DEAD LOAD

DLSF of Girder = 83.824 t

2.7t 2.7t 20 mm
1.1m 11.4t 11.4t 6.8t 6.8t

3.2m 1.2 m 4.3 m 3m 3m


2.58m
11.369m 11.369m

CASE -1

2.7t 2.7t 20mm 11.4t 6.8t 6.8t 6.8t


11.4t 0.58m

2.869m
1.1m 3.2m 1.2m 4.3 3m 3m ###########

2.58 0.58 0.489m


11.369m
CASE -2

Case -2
Load on Pier from Right = 14.992 t
Load on Pier from left = 15.019 t
Total Load = 30.011 t
Live Load Impact Factor 4.5/(6+L) = = 0.259 t
Total Live Load in Case -2 considering Impact = 37.786 t
=
Unmbalanced Load about Minor Axis ( Perpendicular to Flow ) of Pier = 0.027 t

Case - 1
Load on Pier from Right side = 26.823 t
Load on Pier from Left side = 3.913 t

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 7 UPID


=
Unbalanced Load = 22.910 t
=
Distance of Point of application of Load from center of Pier = = 0.300 m
Moment acting on Pier due to Un-Balanced Live Load = 8.654 T-m
0.20
0.10 0.02

C.L. of Plate Bearings


1.22
S/W of Pier
Dead Load for Self-Weight of Pier = 57.625t ((3.55+2*0.3)*1.22 +
Longitudinal Force Calculation: 0.785*1.22^2)*3.699*2.5

Braking Force (20% of LL on Span = 7.280t acting 1.2 m above Deck


Moment will be = 17.290 tm lever arm = 1.2 + W.C. thickness + Depth of Girder
Vertical Load transferred to Bearing Level due to the Couple = = 1.521 t
Horizontal Forces acting on Bearing Level ( Fh) = = 3.640 t
But in this case both ends are resting on Free Plate Bearings and the Resultant Longitdinal Force being transferred from bearing to Pier can not be more than the Frictional Force and this will
be refelected from Cl. 211.5.1.1 and 211.5.1.2 of IRC 6 : 2014

FRICTIONAL FORCE
Co-efficient of Friction, µ = 0.4 (IRC 6:2010, CL. 211.5.1.)
As per Cl. 211.5.1.2, the span becoming less than
Cl. 10 m andofno
211.5.1 bearing
IRC is to exist except bituminous Kraft paper then the horizontal force will be
^-2010
greater of,
µRq = µ x Unbalanced Dead Load transferred to Bearing level.
But µRq will be equal for both side of equal span and hence it will be zero.
µRg = µ x Unbalanced Live Load transferred to Bearing level.
µ x LL Reaction Un balanced = 9.164 T CL. 211.5.1.1 ,IRC-6 :2010

Frictional Resistance offered to the movement of Free Bearings due to change of Temparature
or anyother case.
Hence the Applied horizontal load 9.164 t

Water Current Force:


As per IRC 6 : 2010, CL. 210.2,
The Intensity of Pressure, P = 52KV2
The bed is erodible and hence triangular distribution of square of velocity shall be applicable. But from point of
becoming on safer side the distribution is being considered rectangular i.e. same velocity all through and distribution of
pressure intensity due to water current also rectangular.

Flow Parallel to Pier-


Mean velocity of flow Below Bridge 2.064 m/s
Maximum mean velocity of flow 2.919 m/s 1.41x2.064 Cl. 210.3 of IRC 6 :2010
For piers with semi-circular ends, K 0.660 (As per IRC 6 : 2010, CL. 210.2)
Hence, pressure intensity, P 292.425 kg/m2 52x0.66x(2.919)^2
143.519 m (FSL) 292.425 kg/m2

2.373 m

141.146 m (CBL)
292.425 kg/m2

Total Force on Pier along the flow 846.589 kg 292.425x2.37x0.61


Point of Application from Bed Level 1.187 m 2.373/2

With an angle of 20° with axis of flow-


Velocity component perpendicular to flow V Sinα
Maximum Velocity = 0.995 m/s
Water current pressure intensity 34 kg/Sqm

143.519 m (FSL) 34.004 kg/m2

2.373 m
141.146 m (CBL)

Total force perpendicular to the flow (Perp. To Major Axis Y-Y) 433 kg
As per Cl. 210.6, this should be compared with the static force created due to generation of a differential head
of 250 mm between two sides of pier.
143.519 m (FSL)
250 mm
2.373 m
141.146 m (CBL) 2.123 m

Total static force on the left = 15120 kg


Total static force on the right = 12102 kg
Difference between the forces = 3018 kg > than 433kg
Hence the differential static force shall be taken into account instead of cross current effect.
Total force on Pier perpendicular to the flow = 3018 kg
Point of Application from Bed Level ( Axis Y-Y) = 1.187 m

Wind Force:
Considering No Water Condition-
11.969 m

1.225 m

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 8 UPID


5.10

1.2
2.3

1.1
0.45

0.45 0.45

C/S of Deck Structure


WL on Superstructure-
Total Length of a Sinlge span end to end 11.969 m
Height above bearing including parapet 2.325 m
Area of superstructure subject to WL ( neglecting Perforation) 27.828 sqm

Transverse Wind force acting at centroid of the area, FT = Pz x AT x G x CD


Pz = Wind pressure in N/mm2 463.700 N/m2 (As per Table 4, IRC:6-2010)
AT = Solid area subject to wind 27.828 sqm
(b/d) for composite section ( as no prosity in Parapet Walls considered ) 10.881 > 6
Hence, drag co-efficient, CD 1.950 (As per Clause 209.3.3, IRC:6-2010)
Hence, Transverse wind force, FT 5032 kg
Point of Application, from Top of Pile Cap ( Cause bending X-X ) 3.699 m

Due to this Horizontal Force there will be a Push Pull Effect to cause Pressure and equal amount of Tension in Pier
The quantum of this force will be = C.G. of Force *Distance from Bearing / center to center distance of girders
Hence te quantum of Push & Pull = 943.5 kg in each pier.

WL on LL Component-
As per previous, tranverse WL, FT Pz x A T x G x C D
Gust Factor, G 2
Drag co-efficient, CD 1.2 (As per Clause 209.3.6, IRC:6-2010)
Transverse wind force acting at Bearing Level X-X 3696 kg 463.7x33.214x2x1.2)/10
Point of Application from Top of Pile Cap 3.699 m -++m+0+1.5
Longitudinal wind force acting at Bearing Level 924 kg working 1.5 m from road level
Point of Application from Top of Pile Cap 3.699 m

WL on Pier- 144.395 m
4.150 m
No Water Condition (PIER TOP)
1.22 m
Direction of Wind
For above wind direction, b= 1.22 m (CBL)
d= 4.15 m

Ratio of length & width, d/b = 3.402 < 4


Ratio of height & width, h/b = 2.663
Therefore, drag co-efficient, CD = 0.8 (As per Table 5, IRC:6-2010)
But as per Notes under Table 5, in case of Rectangular Pier with rounded corners above value of Cd shall be multiplied by
factor, greater of (1-1.5r/b) = 0.250 1-(1.5X(1.22/2)/1.22)
& 0.500
Therefore, revised darg co-efficient, CD = 0.400 Max of (0.25 & 0.5) x 0.8
Hence, Wind force acting on pier = 147 kg 463.7x(3.249x1.22)x2x0.4)/10
Point of Application from Top of Pile Cap = 1.625 m 3.249/2

Considering Full Water Condition:

Transverse wind force in this condition, FT Pz*At*G*Cd = 5032 kg (will be same as previous condition)
Point of Application from Top of Pile Cap = 3.699 m

WL on LL Component-
Transverse wind force on LL, FT = 3696 kg (will be same as previous condition)
Point of Application from Bed Level = 3.699 m
Point of Application from Top of Pile Cap = 3.699 m

WL on Pier- 144.395 m
d= 4.150 m
(PIER TOP)
Direction b= 1.22 m
(FSL)
Ratio of length & width, d/b = 3.402 < 4
Ratio of height & width, h/b = 0.700
Therefore, drag co-efficient, CD = 0.800 (As per Table 5, IRC:6-2010)
But as per Notes under Table 5, in case of Rectangular Pier with rounded corners above value of Cd shall be multiplied
by factor, greater of (1-1.5r/b) = 0.250
Actual Drag Coefficient = & 0.500
Therefore,revised darg co-efficient, CD = 0.400
Hence,wind force acting on pier Ft = = 40 kg
Point of Application from Top of Pile Cap = 3.261 m

Vertical Wind Force:


Vertical Wind Force acting on the deck = Pz x A 3 x G x C L
Pz = Wind pressure in N/mm2 = 463.700 N/m2
CL= Lift Co-efficient = 0.75 (As per Clause 209.3.5, IRC:6-2010)
A3= Plan area of Slab = 61.042 sqm 0x11.969
Hence, the vertical wind force = 4246 kg 463.7x2x0.75x61.042/10

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 9 UPID


Y
Summary Table for Forces:-
X X

Flow Y Longitudinal to Bridge Axis to cause Moment about X-X


Summary Table for Forces:-
Table-I
Force Description Vertical Force Horizontal Load Horizontal Lever Arm Lever Arm about Y-Y m Moment about X- Moment about
(T) Longitudinal m Load Tranverse T about X-X m X axis t-m Y-Y axis t-m

Canal Dry Condition:


Dead Load 141.45 - -
Live Load 38.70 -
UnbalancedLL 28.845 0.300 8.654
Longitudinal Force
- 9.16 3.699 -
(Frictional critical) 33.897
Braking Force 1.521t
Wind Force (Horizontal) - - -
On LL 0.924 3.696 3.699 3.699 3.418 13.672
On superstructure 5.032 3.70 18.613
On Pier 0.040 3.261 0.130
Wind Force (VertIcal) -4.246 - -
Total= 177.42 10.09 8.77 45.969 32.415

Canal FSL Condition:


Table-II
Dead Load 141.45 - -
Live Load ( unbalanced ) 28.85 0.30 - 8.654
Longitudinal Force
- 9.164 3.699 -
(Frictional critical) 33.897
Braking Force 1.521t
Water Current - 3.018 0.847 1.187 1.187 3.581 1.004
Wind Force (Horizontal) -
On Live Load 0.924 3.696 3.699 3.699 3.418 13.672
Super structure 5.032 3.699 18.613
Pier 0.040 3.261 0.130
Wind Force (Vertical) -4.246 - -
Buoyancy -2.218
Total= 175.205 13.106 9.615 49.550 33.420
Design of Pier Section:
Vertical Load,Fy = 175.205 T
Moment about X-X,Mx-x = 49.550 T-m
Dimension of Pier Straight along X-X = 4.150 m
Dimension of Pier along X-X,Semi Cir. = 0.610 m
Total Dimension along X-X = 5.370 m
Dimension along Y-Y = 1.220 m
Area of Section = 6231394 mm2
Dia of rod Provided = 16 mm
Area of Reinforced Bar 16 mm Dia = 201.062 mm2
Spacing Provided = 200 mm C/C
Peremeter Length of Pier = 11634.560 mm
Area of Reinforced Provided, Asc = 11696.335 mm2 (11634.56/200)x201.1
Section ,required to take Vert. Force, A1 = 200235 mm2 175.205x10^4/8.75
Ref Cl 26.5.3.1.b-IS-456
Minimum Steel Required(0.8% of A1) = 1601.9 mm2 < 11696.3 mm2
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe500
Grade of Concrete = M35
Clear cover = 50 mm
Modulur Ratio = 8.00 Ref IRC-21
Height of Pier = 3.699 m
Slenderness about X-X = 3.032 M < 12,Hence not Slender
Slenderness about Y-Y = 0.689 M < 12,Hence not Slender
Permissible direct
compressive stress in concrete, scc = 8.750 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Permissible Bending Compressive
stress in concrete, scbc = 11.670 Mpa
Permissible Bending Compressive
stress in steel, sst = 240 Mpa [Table 10 of IRC: 21-2000]
Thickness of Pier, D = 1.220 m
Length of Pier b = 5.370 m
X

1220

610
16 Ø 200 C/C

4150
Y

610

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 10 UPID


Area of Reinforcement Provided , Asc = 11696 mm2
2
Ae, (Ac+1.5xmAsc) = 6371710 mm
4
Equivalent Moment of Inertia about X-X,IeX-X = 736725747588 mm 1/12x4150x1220^3+PI()/64x1
Ignoring the MI of steel 220^4
C = 351 mm

Equivalent Moment of Inertia about Y-Y = 13661124347958 mm4

scc' = 0.262 N/mm2 175.2X10^4/(6691715.935)


scbc' x-x = 0.410 N/mm2 49.55X10^7/736725747588
2
scbc' y-y = 0.066 N/mm 33.42X10^7/13661124347958
scc'/scc+scbc/scbc' = 0.071 < 1 ,Hence O.K. Cl. B-4.1 , IS 456 :2000
Maximum Stress = 0.738 N/mm2 0.262+0.41+0.066
Minimum Stress = -0.214 N/mm2
Maximum Compressive Stress = = 0.738 N/mm2
Maximum Tensile Stress = = 0.214 N/mm2 Hence O.K.
=
2
The Resultant Tension is less than 35% of 0.735 N/mm2 = = 0.258 N/mm > 2.141.E-01 hence O.K.
( AS per Cl. B4.1 ( b) of IS 456 : 2000 ) = IS 456: 2000, Cl B-4.1
2
Permissible Tensile stress in M35 4.00 N/mm Hence O.K.
C/C distance of Pile along Y-Y = 3.600 m
C/C distance of Pile along X-X = 3.600 m
Length of Pile Cap along Y-Y = 5.500 m
Length of Pile Cap along X-X = 9.100 m

X(+)
0.95 3.600 0.95

0.95
4 1

3.6

Y(-) Y(+)
5 2
3.6

3.6

6 3

0.95

5.500

X(-)

Vertical Load acting on Pier = 175.2 T Refrence Table-II


Moment about X-X = 49.5 T-m Refrence Table-II
Moment about Y-Y = 33.4 T-m Refrence Table-II
Horizontal Load = 13.1 T Refrence Table-II Maximum Hor. Force

LOAD ON INDIVIDUAL PILE IN A PILE GROUP


Qm = Q/n (+/-) MyX/sigma X2 ( + /-) MxY/signma Y2
Q= Total vertical load acting at the centroid of the pile group.
n= number of piles in a group 6

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 11 UPID


Mx, My = Moment w.r.t. X and Y axes respectively.
x,y = distance of pile from Y & X respectively X Y
For P1, P3,P4,P6 3.6 1.8
P2 & P5 0 1.8
Load from Pier acting on,P1 = 37.966 T
Load from Pier acting on,P2 = 33.789 T P1,P2 &P3 Mx +
Load from Pier acting on,P3 = 31.468 T P4,P5 & P6 Mx -
Load from Pier acting on,P4 = 26.934 T P1&P4 My +
Load from Pier acting on,P5 = 24.613 T P2 & P5 My = 0
Load from Pier acting on,P6 = 23.066 T P3 & P6 My -

Pile Cut-off Level = 138.971 m -0.45-1.8+0.075


Pile Termination Level = 119.767 m Refer Soil Report,Page-Sheet-20
Dia of Pile = 1.200 m
Shaft Length of Pile = 19.204 m 138.971-119.767

Selfweight of Pile Cap


Length of Pile cap along X-X = 5.500 m
Length of Pile cap along Y-Y = 9.100 m
Thickness of Pile Cap = 1.800 m [Cl. 709.5.4 of IRC: 78-2000]
Self weight of Pile Cap = 225.225 T 5.5x9.1x1.8x2.5

Total Load acting on Pile,P1 = 75.504 T


Total Load acting on Pile,P2 = 71.326 T
Total Load acting on Pile,P3 = 69.006 T
Total Load acting on Pile,P4 = 64.471 T
Total Load acting on Pile,P5 = 62.150 T
Total Load acting on Pile,P6 = 60.603 T
< 140.000 T OK
Horizontal Load acting on each Pier = 2.184 T 13.106/6
< 36.000 T Hence SAFE

Design of Pile Cap


Grade of Concrete = M-35
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe-500
Clear Cover = 75 mm Reference Clause 6.12.6- IS-2911
Dia of Reinforcement = 25 mm
Effective Depth = 1712.500 mm 1800-25/2-75
scbc = 11.670 N/mm2 Ref IRC 21:2000,Table 9
2
sst = 240 N/mm Ref IRC 21:2000,Table 10
Modulur ratio,m=280/3scbc = 8.00 Ref IRC 21:2000
k = scbc/(scbc+sst/m) = 0.280 11.67/(11.67+240/7.998)
j,Lever arm factor = 0.907 1-0.28/3
R = 1.481 N/mm2 11.67/2X0.28X(1-0.28/3)
Effective Depth required = 504 mm SQRT(45.18x10^7/(1.481x1200)
Total Depth required = 592 mm 504.1+25/2+75
Provided Depth = 1800 mm SAFE [Cl.709.5.4 of IRC: 78-2000]
Effective Depth Provided = 1712.500 mm 1800-25/2-75

Area of Reinforcement Calculation


2
Reinforcement,Ast = 1212.428 mm 45.18x10^7/(0.907x1712.5x240)
Dia provided (primary) = 25 mm
Provided Spacing = 150 mm C/C Top & Bottom Both Way of Pile Cap

Punching Area

1.200 mm dia

Punching Shear Check


2
Punching Shear area = 6455973 mm PI()x1200x1712.5
2
Punching Shear stress = 0.117 N/mm 75.5x10000/6455973
2
Permissible Shear Stress = 0.947 N/mm 0.16xSQRT(35)
Hence Safe in Punching Shear -Reference Clause 307.2.5.5,IRC-21

Concrete Design of Pile

Pile Cut-off Level = 138.971 m


Termination Level = 119.767 m
Diameter of Pile Provide = 1200 mm
% of Steel Provided = 0.4 %
Area of Steel = 4523.893 mm2
Permissible stress in concrete in direct compression,scc = 8.750 MPa
Permissible compressive stress for Reinforcement,ssc = 240 MPa
Ac (1-0.4/100)x1130973 = 1126449 mm2
Asc 0.4/100x1130973 = 4523.893 mm2
Permissible Axial Load of Pier, = 1094.217 T (8.75x1126449.5+240x4523.9)/10^4
Reference Clause B.3.1,IRC-21 > OK
Axial Load acting on Pile = 75.504 T
Hence it is Safe in Axial Compression
Vertical Bar provided 16 nos 20 tor = 5027 mm2 SAFE
Stirrup Provided 8 Tor 150mm C/C

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 12 UPID


16 NOS 20mm DIA TOR

Tie 8mm Tor 150mm C/C

Sketches of Pile Reinforcement

Lateral Load Capacity Calculation of Pier Pile


Grade of Concrete = M-35 MPA
I,(Π/4xD4) = 0.102 m4
Length above Scour Level,L1 = 0
Embedement Length below Scour,Le = 19.204
Overburden material Type = NC (Ref From Soil Report,Page-Sheet no-A25)
N = 9 (Ref From Soil Report,Page-Sheet no-A25)
Modulas of Subgrade Reaction = 1200 kN/m3 Refer Table 3 Annex C of IS 2911
Stiffness Factor,T = 4.79 m T=5√ / ℎ
Le/T = 4.01 >4;Long Elastic Pile
L1,projection of Length above GL = 0
L1/T = 0
Lf/T = 2.19 From Figure-4-IS-2911
Lf,Fixity length of Pile = 10.48 m
Horizontal Load = 2.184 T
Fixed End Moment,Mf = 11.450 T-m Mf=(( + ))/2 (For Fixed Head Piles)
Vertical Load acts on Pile = 75.504 T (e=0,Zf=Lf)
Mu = 17.175 T-m 1.5*11.45
Pu = 113.256 T 1.5*75.504
Pu/fckD2 = 0.022
Mu/fckD3 = 0.003
p/fck = 0.010
p = 0.35 %
2
Ast = 3958 mm
Dia = 20
Nos = 12.600
Provided Reinforcement 16 Nos 20 mm Dia OK

Thickness of Abutment = 1.220 m


Thickness of Approach Slab = 0.225 m
Height of Dirt Wall = 0.899 m
Thickness of Dirt Wall = 0.300 m
Length of Pile Cap along Y-Y = 5500 m
Length of Pile Cap along X-X = 9100 m
Thickness of Pile Cap = 1.800 m
Top of Pile Cap, below Bed = 0.450 m
= m
= m
Approach Slab L = 3500 mm Bottom of Girder = 144.443 m
Thickness = 0.225 Top of Girder = 145.543 m
0.90 Bearing thickness= 0.024m
Ht. of Wall FSL = 143.519m
3.699 10.769m
Pier = 1.22m
1.22 CBL = 141.146m
1.22m
140.696 m 140.696 m

Length of the Girder from end to end =

Pile Dia = 1200mm


Gap between Wall & end of Girder =0.02
950 C/L of Abutment
0.3m 0.02
C/L of Bearing

3600 Abutmt
1.22m thick
9100mm
1190
Overhang of Girder = 0.1m
3600

1.22m
950 Width of Bearing = 0.4m

950mm Distance of C/L of Bearing from end of Wall = 0.62 m


5500 Distance of C/L of Bearing from C/L of Abutt = 0.01m
X Projection of Girderbeyond C/L of Bearing = 0.3m
Details of Abutment Top
Load Calculation
Vertical force due to Dead Load from Super Structure
Length of the girder Transferring load to Abutment = 6.134m
Load being transferred to Abutment from 2 Girders W1 = 44.067t
Horizontal distance of the line of action of this force from C/L of Abutment = 0.010m
Self Load of Bearing 0.45X0.4X0.024X7.85*2 W2 = 0.067m acting 0.01m away from C/L of Abutment.
=

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 13 UPID


Vertical Force due to Live Load from Super Structure
=
Load on Abutment due to Live Load shall be same as LL in Case 1 in Pier from RHS = 26.823t
Live Load with Impactb Factor W3 = 33.773 t
=
Braking force
Braking force,20% of the Total Axle Load acting on Abutment = 7.280t acting 1.2m above deck
This braking force is acting 1.2 m above the wearing course level, hence
Horizontal distance of the Line of action of this Force from C/L of the Abutment = 0.010m

Selfweight of Abutment = 102.666 T


4.598m
Abutment 1.220
Height of Dirt Wall 3.699 = 0.899 m
Thickness of Dirt Wall = 0.300 m
Width of Dirt Wall = 9.100 m

Selfweight of Abutment & Dirt wall,Acting at Base W5 = 108.801 T


Longitudinal force from Superstructure
μ = Co-efficient of Friction at the Movable bearing = 0.400 Ref as earlier
Hence, The Longitudinal Force on Abutment H1 = 28.356 T
Height of the Line of action of this force above the base of the Abutment = 3.699 m

WIND FORCE
Wind Force from Live Load and Superstructure are not being considered on Abutment parallel to the flow direction
as there though that will cause bending of Abutment about its Transverse Axis but that will be resisted by Passive

Vertical force due to Live Load surcharge

Bulk unit weight of Compacted Back Filled Soil = 2t/m3


Coefficient of Active Pressure = 0.333
2
The pressure at Base = 0.80 t/m
The center of Pressure acts 0.42H from Base for Active Pressure triangular Distribution against Wall = 1.931 m
Vertical force due to Live Load surcharge

1.2m
0.799 t/m2)
H2

H3 CBL

0.45m Top of Pile Cap


Pressure due to Live Load Surcharge Active EP Earth Pressure intensity
( Passive)

Horizontal Force Due to Live Load Surcharge


3
Bulk unit weight of Compacted Back Filled Soil = 2.00 t/m
Angle of Repose,φ(Considered) = 30 o
= 0.524 rad
Active Earth pressure co-efficient, Ka = 0.333 o
Horizontal Pressure Intensity due to Surcharge = 0.799 t/m2
Horizontal Force due to Live Load Surcharge per running meter = 3.674 T
Length of Abutment = 9.10 m
Total Load acting on Abutment H2 = 33.43 T
Height of the Line of action of this force above the base of the Abutment = 2.299 m

Horizontal Force due to Active Earth Pressure


Active Earth pressure co-efficient, Ka 0.333
Intensity of Pressure at Base = = 3.065 t/Sqm
Horizontal force due to Earth Pressure per running meter 7.047 t
Width of Abutment = 9.10 m
Total Load acting on Abutment H3 = 64.13 t
Height of the line of action of this force above the base of the abutment = 1.931 m

Horizontal Force due to Passive Earth Pressure


Passive Earth pressure co-efficient, Kp 3.000
Pressure Intensity at Base = 2.700 t/sqm
Horizontal force due to Passive Earth Pressure per running meter = 0.608 t/m
Length of Abutment H4 = 9.10 m
Total Load acting on Abutment = 5.528 T
Height of the line of action of this force above the base of the abutment 0.150 m

Horizontal Force due to GWT(In case of Undrainage condition):


Considering 1m depth of water shall remain undrained H5 =
Then Pressure Intensity at Base due to standing water of 1.0m Depth above Abutment 1.000 t/sq.m 0.5x1xm
Base per running meter 0.000 t/m
Length of Abutment = 9.10 m
Total Load acting on Abutment = 4.55 t
Height of Point of application of this force from abutment base = 0.333 m

1m

1m

1 t/m2
(Pressure due to GWT if any in undrained condition)

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 14 UPID


Summary of Forces acting on Abutment(Reference as Earlier)
Vertical Eccentricity Moment
Forces
Load(T) (meter) (T-m)
W1 44.067 0.010 0.441
W2 0.067 0.010 0.001
W3 33.773 0.010 0.338
W4 1.521 0.010 0.015
W5 108.801 0.000 0.000
Height of Line action
Horizontal Moment
from above the
Load (T) (T-m)
Base(m)
H1 28.356 3.699 104.889
H2 33.432 2.299 76.859
H3 64.130 1.931 123.834
H4 Opposite direction 5.528 0.150 0.829
H5 4.550 0.333 1.517
∑ 188.229 T ∑ 306.270 T-m
Design of Abutment
Design Input X
Vertical Load,Fy = 188.229 T
1.220 m
Moment about,Mx-x = 306.270 T-m
Moment about,My-y = 0.000 T-m
Concrete Section Provided
Length of Abutment,b = 9.1 m
Thickness of Abutment,D = 1.220 m
2
Area of Section = 11102000 mm
Reinforcement Provided

9.1 m
At Compression Zone ( Canal Side ) Y Y
Dia provided = 20 mm
Spacing provided = 200 mm c/c
2
Asc = 14137 mm
At Tension Zone ( Country Side)
Dia provided = 20 mm
Spacing provided = 100 mm c/c
Asc = 28274 mm2
Area of Reinforced Provided = 42412 mm2 X
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe500
Grade of Concrete = M35
Clear cover = 50 mm
Modulur Ratio = 8.00
Height = 4.598m
Slenderness about X-X = 3.769 < 12,Hence not Slender
Slenderness about Y-Y = 0.505 < 12,Hence not Slender
Permissible Direct Compressive stress,scc = 8.750 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Permissible Bending Compressive stress,scbc = 11.670 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Bending Compressive & Tensile stress(Steel),sst = 240.000 Mpa
Equivalent Area -Ae, = (Ac+1.5xmAsc) = 11568381 mm2
Equivalent Moment of Inertia about X-X,(IeX-X = 1466795103513 mm4 1/12bD3+(m-1)Asc(D/4)^2
Equivalent Moment of Inertia = 78149092249568 mm4 1/12Db3+(mc-1)Asc(b/2-cc)2
about Y-Y,IeY-Y
scc' = 0.163 N/mm2 188.2X10^4/(11568381.14)
scbc' x-x = 1.274 N/mm2 (306.3X10^7/1466795103513)x610
scbc' y-y = 0.000 N/mm2 0X10^7/78149092249568
scc'/scc+scbc/scbc' = 0.128 (0.163/8.75+1.274/11.67+0/11.67)

Maximum Stress = 1.436 N/mm2 0.163+1.274+0 < 8.33 MPa


Minimum Stress = -1.111 N/mm2 0.163-1.274-0 Check for Crack Section
Y
X

X
Y

b= 9.1
At Compression Zone
Dia provided = 20 mm
Spacing provided = 200 mm c/c
At Tensile Zone
Dia provided = 20 mm
Spacing provided = 100 mm c/c
Ast = 28274 mm2 dc b c'
clear cover = 50 mm Asc

Eccentricity e = = 1627 mm
D= = 1220.0 mm D/2 n
D/4 < e < 3*D/2 D
Hence it is a case of compressive force at moderate intensity. d
Referring to the stress diagram, let's consider c' is the compressive D/2
stress in concrete. dt
Then from the above stress diagram it is clear that
the compressive stress at steel , tc = mc*c'/n*(n- dc) =1.5m*c'/n*(n-dc) Ast
Eqn --(1)
Tensile stress at steel t= m*c'/n*(D -dt -n) dc = dt = 60

As the section is balanced , there can not be unresolved force , hence the algebraic
summation of Internal Compressive force and Tensile shall be equal to the external force P

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 15 UPID


Hence, = P
b*n*c'/2 + (mc - 1)*Asc* c'/n*(n-dc) - m*Ast*c'/n*(D-dt-n) = P ---- Eqn 3 =
e'
Similarly the moments of all forces acting on the section must balance. e
Hence taking moments about the center of tensile streel, we get N A
C L
bnc'/2*(D-dt-n/3) + ( mc - 1)*Asc*c'/n*(n-dc)*(D-dt-dc) = P*(e+ D/2 - dt) ----Eqn 4 1220mm

Dividing Eqn 4 by Eqn 3,


D= 1220 mm
bn/2*(D- dt - n/3) + ( mc - 1)* Asc*1/n*(n-dc)*(D-dt-dc) = ( e + D/2 -dt ) Eqn 5 b= 9100 mm
bn/2 + (mc-1)*Asc*((n-dc)/n)- mAst*( (D-dt- n)/n) Asc = 14137 sqmm
Ast = 28274 sqmm
solving for n by trial and error m = mc = 8
n = 283.8mm

Hence to find value of c ' from equation 3


by trial and error c' = 2.79N/mm2
Compressive Stress in Concrete = 2.8 N/sqmm
Compressive stress in Steel = 26.4 N/sqmm Solving Eqn --(1)
Tensile stress in Steel = 68.9 N/Sqmm
All Stresses are O.K.

5.5 m

9.1 m

X 2.14 m X
1.2 m
2.14 m

Abutment
5.5 m

1.80 m Pile Cap

Pile

Self weight of Pile Cap of Abutment, ( W6) 225.225 t 9.1*5.1*1.8*2.5


Weight of Back filled Earth ( W7) 179.083 t
Weight due to Live Load Surcharge ( W 8) 46.738 t
Approach Slab Length = 3.5m
Thickness = 0.225 Gap between Wall & end of Girder =0.02
1.1 C/L of Abutment
End Girder 0.3m 0.02 C/L of Bearing

Backfil material
4.598 m
Overhang
of Girder =
1.22m 0.1m
2.8m 2.14 2.14 m 2.250 m
1.8 m X
2.8 t/sqm 5.5 m 13.5 t/sqm 1.22m
1 m standing Width of Bearing = 0.4m
water above slab
Distance of C/L of Bearing from end of Wall = 0.62 m
Distance of C/L of Bearing from C/L of Abutt = 0.01m
Projection of Girderbeyond C/L of Bearing = 0.3m
Details of Abutment Top

LA about Pt. X Stabilizing M (T- Overturning M


Vertical Load Weight (T)
(M) M) (T-M)
W1 44.067 2.75 121.185
W2 ( neglected)
W3 26.823 2.75 73.763
W4 1.521 2.75 4.182
W5 108.801 2.75 299.204
W6 225.225 2.75 619.369
W7 179.08 4.43 793.337
W8 46.74 4.43 207.048
Total 632.258 T 2118.088 T-m
Thrust LA about Pt. X Stabilizing M Overturning M
Horizontal Load
(T) (M) (T-M) (T-M)
H1 28.356 5.499 155.93
H2 33.432 4.099 137.04
H3 64.130 3.731 239.27
H4' ( Stabilizing) 138.206 0.750 103.65
H5 99.882 0.933 93.22
Total Horizontal Load 87.593 T
Total Stabilizing Moment agaist overturning at point X = 2118.088
Total Overturning Moment against Point X = 521.802 T-m
Resultant Stabilizing Moment = 1596.286 T-m
Resultant load is passing through at a distance = 2.525 m
Eccentricity = 0.225 m from Point X
Moment about Axis X-X = 142.423 T-m clock wise Moment

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 16 UPID


X(+)

0.95 3.6 0.95

0.95
P4 P1

3.6

Y(-) P5 P2
9.1 Y(+)

1.22
3.6

P6 P3
0.95

5.5
X(-)

Load acting on Piles


Vertical Load at bottom of Pile Cap = 632.258 T
Moment about X-X = 142.423 T-m
HorizontaL Load = 87.593 T
Pile to Pile Distance along X-X = 3.600 m For P1, P3,P4,P6 X Y
Pile to Pile Distance along Y-Y = 3.600 m P2 & P5 3.6 1.8
0 1.8
Load acting on Pier,P1 = 118.564 T
Load acting on Pier,P2 = 118.564 T
Load acting on Pier,P4 = 92.189 T
Load acting on Pier,P3 = 118.564 T
Load acting on Pier,P5 = 92.189 T
Load acting on Pier,P6 = 92.189 T
Pile Cut-off Level = 138.971 m
Pile Termination Level = 119.767 m Refer Soil Report,Page-Sheet-14
Dia of Pile = 1.200 m
Shaft Length of Pile = 19.204 m 138.971-119.767
At Pile cut-off Level Pile capacity = 140.000 T < than 140 O.K.
Capability of Taking Horizontal Load = 36.000 T Reference Soil Report as follows hereunder
Horizontal Load acting on Pile = 14.599 T < than 36 T henceHence
O.K. O.K.

Design of Pile Cap


Distance of center of Pile from face of Pier = 1.190 m
Maximum Load on Pile = 118.564 T
Net Maximum Upward Load acting on Capping Slab from Pile = 81.026 T
Maximum Moment at Pile face = 96.421 T-m
Moment along X-X = 96.421 T-m
Grade of Concrete = M-35 T-m
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe-500
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Dia of Reinforcement = 25 mm Reference clause 6.12.6- IS-2911
Effective Depth = 1712.500 mm
scbc = 11.67 1800-25/2-75
sst = 240 N/mm2 Ref IRC 21:2000,Table 9
Modulur ratio,m=280/3scbc = 8.00 N/mm2 Ref IRC 21:2000,Table 10
k = scbc/(scbc+sst/m) = 0.280 Ref IRC 21:2000
j,Lever arm factor = 0.907 11.67/(11.67+240/8)
R = 1.482 1-0.28/3
Effective Depth required = 736 mm N/mm2 11.67/2X0.28X(1-0.28/3)
Total Depth required = 824 mm SQRT(25x10^7/(1.482x75000)
Provided Depth = 1800 mm 736.4+25/2+75
Effective Depth Provided = 1713 mm SAFE
1800-25/2-75
Area of Reinforcement Calculation
Reinforcement,Ast = 2587.6 96.421x10^7/(0.907x1712.5x240)
Dia provided (primary) = 25 mm
Spacing required = 190 mm
Provided Spacing = 150 mm C/C Top & Bottom Both Ways

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 17 UPID


Punching Area

1.20 mm dia

Punching Shear Check


Punching Shear Force = 118.564
Effective Depth of Pile,d = 1712.5 T
Dia of Pile = 1200 mm
Punching Shear area = 6455972.90 mm
Punching Shear stress = 0.184 mm2 PI()x1200x1712.5
Permissible Shear Stress = 0.95 N/mm2 118.564x10000/6455973
Hence Safe in Punching Shear N/mm2 0.16xSQRT(35)
-Ref clause 307.2.5.5,IRC-21
RC Design of Pile
Pile Cut-off Level =
Termination Level = 138.971 m
Diameter of Pile Provide = 119.767 m
Area of Pile = 1200 mm
Steel Provided = 1130973.36 mm2
Area of Steel = 0.4 %
Permissible stress in concrete in direct compression,scc = 4523.9 mm2
Permissible compressive stress for Reinforcement,ssc = 8.75 MPa
Ac = 240 MPa
Asc = 1126449.46 mm2 (1-0.4/100)x1130973.4
Permissible Axial Load of Pier, = 4523.89 mm2 0.4/100x1130973.4
(8.75x1126449.5+240x4523.9)/10^4 = 1094.217 T
Reference Clause B.3.1,IRC-21
Axial Load acting on Pile
Hence it is safe Axial Compression Load = 118.564 <==Permissible Axial Load
Vertical Bar provided 16 nos 20 tor
Stirrup Provided 8 Tor 150mm C/C = 5026.55 mm2 SAFE

16 nos 20 tor NOS mm DIA TOR

Tie 8mm Tor 150mm C/C

Sketches of Pile Reinforcement

I,(Π/4xD4) = 0.101787602 kN/m2


Length above Scour Level,L1 = 0 m4
Embedment Length below Scour,Le = 19.204
Overburden material Type = NC
N = 9 (Ref From Soil Report,Page-Sheet no-A25)
Modulas of Subgrade Reaction = 1200 (Ref From Soil Report,Page-Sheet no-A25)
Stiffness Factor,T = 4.79 kN/m3
Le/T = 4.01 m T=5√ / ℎ
L1,projection of Length above GL = 0 >4;Long Elastic Pile
L1/T = 0
Lf/T = 2.19
Lf,Fixity length of Pile = 10.48 From Figure-4-IS-2911
Horizontal Load = 14.599 m
Fixed End Moment,Mf = 76.5 T
Vertical Load acts on Pile = 118.56 T-m Mf=(( + ))/2 (For Fixed Head Piles)
Mu = 114.75 T (e=0,Zf=Lf)
Pu = 177.8454868 T-m 1.5*76.5
Pu/fckD2 = 0.035 T 1.5*118.20
Mu/fckD3 = 0.019
clear cover = 75 mm
effective cover d' = 85 mm
d'/D = 0.0708
Chart 60 of SP-13
p/fck 0.01 = 0.010
p = 0.35
Ast = 3958.406744 %
2
Dia = 20 mm
Nos = 13 mm
Provided Reinforcement 16 Nos 20 mm Dia OK

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 18 UPID


Design of Wing Wall
Basic Input:
Length of Wing Wall Foundation = 3.975 m
Depth of Foundation from Existing Canal Bed Level = 1 m
Top Level of Girder Including Wearing Coat = 145.594 m
Canal Bed Level = 141.146 m
Height of Wing Wall above GL = 4.448 m
Thickness of Foundation Raft = 0.500 m
Unit weight of Soil = 1.900 T/m3
f,angle of internal friction (in degree) = 30
Active earth pressure co-efficient = 0.333 (1-Sinf)/(1+Sinf)
Passive earth Pressure coefficient (1+ Sin 30) / (1- Sin 30 ) = 3.000
Co-efficient of friction = 0.450
Unit weight of Conc. 2.500 t/m3
1.2m Live Load Surcharge= 2.28 T/m2
0.3
1.2 m
0.76 T/m2
W7
W2
4.948 W1
4.448 m W3
F2
5.448 m W4
CBL
1.7 1.7
W6 0.575
1
0.275 0.275 0.5 3.134 t/m2
X W5
5.7 t/ m2 3.450t/m2 0.76
3.975 m Heel
F1=ka .gsat.h2/2
Toe

Active earth pressure,F1 = 9.399 T Seepage Pressure from back not considered
Live Load Surcharge,F2 = 4.140 T as weep holes with backing by designed
Sliding Force,F1+F2 = 13.363 T Filters are being provided.
Moment due to F1 ( about Pt X ) = 21.506 T-m
Moment due to F2 = 11.279 T-m
Overturning Moment About Point X = 32.118 T-m

Distances Moment
Items Forces,(T)
from Point X about "Heel"
W1 1.7 X( 5.448 - 0.5)X1.9 = 15.982 t 3.125 49.944
W2 0.5X(5.448-0.5)X(0.575-0.3)X1.9 = 1.293 2.183 2.822
W3 0.3 X (5.448-0.5)X2.5 = 3.711 1.850 6.865
W4 0.5 X 0.275X(5.448-0.5)X2.5 = 1.701 2.092 3.558
W5 3.975 X 0.5 X 2.5 = 4.969 1.988 9.875
W6 1.7 X (1-0.5)*1.9 = 1.615 0.850 1.373
W7 1.2 X (1.7+0.275)X1.9 = 4.503 2.988 13.453
= 33.773 87.890
Stabilizing Force against Sliding due to Passive Resistance = 2.85 t
Stabilizing Moment against Overturning at Pt. X due to Passive Resistance = 0.95 t-m
Net Stabilizing Moment against Overturning at Point X = 56.722
Distances of Resultant forces from X = 1.679 m
Ecentricity of the resultant Force from Center of Base = 0.308 m towards canal
This is producing an Anti Clock Wise moment of = 10.402 t-m
Factor of safety against overturning = 2.766 >1.4,Hence ok
Sliding Force = 13.363 T
Passive Pressure against sliding = 2.850 T
Resisting force against Sliding 0.45x33.773 = 15.198 T
Net Force towards Sliding = = 10.513 t
Factor of safety against sliding = 1.446 > than 1.4 hence O.K.
Stresses on SOIL below Foundation
Resultant vertical force = 33.77 t
Resultant Moment about center of Base = 10.402 t-m
Base area of Foundation per meter length = 3.975 sqm
Moment of Inertia about the central axis = 5.234 m4
Maximum Compressivde Stress = 12.447 t/m2
Minimum Compressive Stress = 4.546 t/m2

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 19 UPID


(1-0.5)x1.9=0.95
0.95 t/m2 (4.448+(1-0.5))X 1.9

0.95 t/m2 9.40 t/m2

Toe d d
Heel

1.285 m 9.07 t/m2 7.925 t/m2 4.55 t/m2


12.447 t/m2 9.893

Stress at d away from Wall = 9.068 +((12.447-9.068)/1.7)Xd t/m2

Design of Toe
Cantilever Length of Toe = 1.700 m
Bending Moment (9.068-0.95-0.5)X1.7X1.7/2+ 0.5X(12.447 - 9.068)X1.7X1.7X2/3 13.179 t-m/m
Basic Input
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe500
Grade of Concrete = M25
Clear cover = 75
Dia of Reinforcement = 16 mm
Permissible bending compreesive stress,scbc = 8.33 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Permissible stress,sst = 240 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Modular ratio, m(280/3scbc) = 11.204
Constant for critical depth of N.A., k = 0.280
Lever arm factor, j = 0.91
Moment resistance factor, R = 1.057 N/mm2
Effective depth required,deff = 353 mm SQRT(0x10^7/(1.06x1000))
Required overall depth,D = 436 mm
Provided Depth = 500 mm Hence OK
Provided effective Depth = 415 mm
Required Steel = 1459 mm2 (0x10^7/(0.91x415x240))
provide 16 tor = 100 mm C/C
Provided area of Reinforcement = 2011 mm2 OK
Design for Shear(One way check )
Stress at d away from Wall = 9.893 t/m2 (9.068 +((12.447-9.068)/1.7)Xd)
Shear force "d" distance away from Stem = 11.526 t
Shear stress = 0.278 N/mm2
Pt provioded = 0.484 %
Permissible shear stress = 0.310 N/mm2 Hence O.K.

Design of Heel
Cantilever Length of heel = 1.700 m
Bending Moment
Clock Wise BM = 15.391 t-m
Anti Clock Moment = 8.197 t-m
Net Clock wise moment to cause tension at top = 7.194 t-m
Basic Input
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe500
Grade of Concrete = M25
Clear cover = 50
Dia of Reinforcement = 12 mm
Permissible bending compreesive stress,scbc = 8.33 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Permissible stress,sst = 240 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Modular ratio, m = 11.204
Constant for critical depth of N.A., k = 0.280
Lever arm factor, j = 0.907
Moment resistance factor, R = 1.057 N/mm2
Effective depth required,deff = 260.844 mm
Required overall depth,D = 317 mm
Provided Depth = 500 mm Hence OK
Provided effective Depth = 440 mm
Required Steel = 751.397 mm2
Provided Steel of 12 Tor = 100 mm C/C
Provided area of Reinforcement = 1131 mm2 OK

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 20 UPID


Design for Shear(One way check )
Shear force "d" distance away from Stem = 7.506 T *-(0*+0.5*(0-0)*)
Shear stress = 0.188 N/mm2
Pt provioded = 0.257 %
Permissible shear stress = 0.230 N/mm2 Hence O.K.

Design of Stem
LL Surcharge 1.2 m Ht

0.76 t/m2

4.948 m

CBL
Passive earth pressure
1.5 m
1.484 t/m2 0.760 t/m2

Height of Stem = 4.948 m (1+4.448-0.5)


Bending Moment at Base due to Earth Pressure = 25.415 t-m/m
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe500
Grade of Concrete = M25
Clear cover = 50
Dia of Reinforcement = 20 mm
Permissible bending compreesive stress,scbc = 8.33 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Permissible stress,sst = 240 Mpa Ref Cl. 303.1 Table:9,IRC:21
Modular ratio, m = 11.204
Constant for critical depth of N.A., k = 0.280
Lever arm factor, j = 0.91
Moment resistance factor, R = 1.057 N/mm2
Effective depth required,deff = 490.3 mm
Required overall depth,D = 550.3 mm
Provided Depth = 575 mm Hence OK
Provided effective Depth = 515 mm
Required Steel = 2267.9 mm2
Provided Steel of 20 Tor = 100 mm C/C
Provided area of Reinforcement = 3142 mm2 OK
Design for Shear(One way check )
Shear force at the face of Wall = 11.5 t/m2
Shear Stress = 0.22 N/mm2
Pt provioded = 0.61 %
Permissible shear stress = 0.31 N/mm2

URS SWI IN JOINT VENTURE WITH ICT 21 UPID

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